Total chemical synthesis and chemotactic activity of human S100A12 (EN-RAGE)

Human S100A12 (extracellular newly identified RAGE (receptor for advanced glycosylation end products)binding protein), a new member of the S100 family of EF-hand calcium-binding proteins, was chemically synthesised using highly optimised 2-(1H-benzotriazol-1-yl)-1,1,3,3-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate/tert-butoxycarbonyl in situ neutralisation solid-phase chemistry. Circular dichroism studies indicated that CaCl2 decreased the helical content by 27% whereas helicity was marginally increased by ZnCl2. The propensity of S100A12 to dimerise was examined by electrospray ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry which clearly demonstrated the prevalence of the non-covalent homodimer (20 890 Da). Importantly, synthetic human S100A12 in the nanomolar range was chemotactic for neutrophils and macrophages in vitro. (C) 2001 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Safety and efficacy of low anterior en bloc resection as part of cytoreductive surgery for patients with ovarian cancer

Objective. To examine the feasibility and safety of a low anterior resection of the rectosigmoid plus adjacent pelvic tumour as part of primary cytoreduction for ovarian cancer. Methods. This study included 65 consecutive patients with primary ovarian cancer who had debulking surgery from 1996 through 2000. All patients underwent an en bloc resection of ovarian cancer and a rectosigmoid resection followed by an end-to-end anastomosis. Parameters for safety and efficacy were considered as primary statistical endpoints for the aim of this analysis. Results. Postoperative residual tumour was nil, 1 cm in 14, 34, and 14 patients, respectively. The median postoperative hospital stay was 11 days (range, 6 to 50 days). Intraoperative complications included an injury to the urinary bladder in one patient. Postoperative complications included wound complications (n=14, 21.5%), septicemia (n=9, 13.8%), cardiac complications (n=7, 10.8%), thromboembolic complications (n=5, 7.7%) ileus (n=2, 3.1%) anastomotic leak (n=2, 3.1%) and fistula (n=1, 1.5%). Reasons for a reoperation during the same admission included repair of an anastomotic leak (n=1), postoperative hemorrhage (n=1), and wound debridement (n=1). Wound complications, septicemia, and anastomotic leak formation were more frequent in patients who had a serum albumin level of less than or equal to 30 g/L preoperatively. There was one surgically related mortality in a patient who died from a cerebral vascular accident 2 days postoperatively. Conclusions. An en bloc resection as part of primary cytoreductive surgery for ovarian cancer is effective and its morbidity is acceptably low. (C) 2001 Academic Press.

Hydrolytic kinetic resolution of terminal mono- and bis-epoxides in the synthesis of insect pheromones: routes to (-)-(R)- and (+)-(S)-10-methyldodecyl acetate, (-)-(R)-10-methyl-2-tridecanone, (-)-(R)-(Z)-undec-6-en-2-ol (Nostrenol), (-)-(1R,7R)-1,7-dime

Hydrolytic kinetic resolution (HKR) of functionalised epoxides using (salen)Co(OAc) complexes provides enantiomerically enriched epoxides and diols, which have been transformed into important insect sex pheromones. In this general approach, (-)-(R)- and (+)-(S)-10-methyldodecyl acetates from the smaller tea tortrix moth were obtained, as was (-)-(R)-10-methyltridecan-2-one from the southern corn rootworm. The (S)-epoxide obtained from undec-1-en-6-yne was transformed to (-)-(R)-(Z)-undec-6-en-2-ol (Nostrenol) from ant-lions. HKR of appropriate bisepoxides was also investigated, and transformations of the resulting bisepoxides and epoxydiols provided (-)-(1R,7R)-1,7-dimethylnonylpropanoate from corn rootworms, (-)-(6R,12R)-6,12-dimethylpentadecan-2-one from the female banded cucumber beetle, and (-)-(2S,11S)-2,11-diacetoxytridecane and (+)-(2S,12S)-2,12-diacetoxytridecane from female pea-midges. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

Caractéristiques diphasiques des écoulements sur les coursiers en marches d'escalier

Stepped cascades and spillways have been used for more than 3,500 years. The recent regain of interest for the stepped chute design is associated with the introduction of new construction techniques, the development of new design techniques and newer applications. Stepped chute flows are characterised by significant free-surface aeration that cannot be neglected. Two-phase flow measurements were conducted in a large-size model (h =0.10 m, α = 22o). Experimental observations demonstrate the existence of a transition flow regime for a relatively wide range of flow rates. Detailed air-water flow measurements were conducted for both skimming flows and transition flows. Skimming flows exhibit gradual variations of the air-water flow properties, whereas transition flows are characterised by rapid flow redistributions between adjacent steps.

The synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of 9-carboxyhexahydro-7-methoxy-4a,7-ethano-benzopyran-5-en-1-one

9-Carboxyhexahydro-7-methoxy-4a,7-ethano-benzopyran-5-en-1-one (1) was prepared and examined by X-ray crystallography to probe its potential as a new peptide scaffold/template. The crystal structure of the anhydride precursor 7-(2-acetoxyethyl)-4-methoxy-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-4,7-ethanoisobenzofuran-1,3-dione (6) is also reported.

M??dulo 1 - ??tica y pr??ctica administrativa en el contexto de las sociedades en proceso de modernizaci??n: curso ??tica y administraci??n p??blica en am??rica latina

Este documento trata de ??tica en el contexto de las sociedades tradicionales, frente al desaf??o del desarrollo econ??mico y social y, sobre todo, de implantaci??n de una gesti??n p??blica moderna; la relevancia de los valores morales y ??ticos en la consolidaci??n de la democracia, de la ciudadan??a y justicia social en las sociedades en desarrollo

M??dulo 2 - relativismo de valores y universalismo de principios en la pr??ctica administrativa: curso ??tica y administraci??n p??blica en Am??rica Latina

Este trabajo se ocupa de los conceptos de ??tica y moral bajo la perspectiva de los principios y valores que permean la actuaci??n del servidor p??blico en la Administraci??n P??blica; la naturaleza sociocultural de esos conceptos referente a la diversidad de valores y principios universales que puedan ser adoptados en la pr??ctica administrativa

M??dulo 3 - perspectivas y pr??cticas en el incentivo a la consciencia y conducta ??tica en el contexto de la administraci??n p??blica: curso ??tica y administraci??n p??blica en Am??rica Latina

Este trabajo se ocupa de las cuatro grandes perspectivas en que se encuadran las propuestas de refuerzo de la dimensi??n ??tica en la gesti??n p??blica; los l??mites y el alcance de los aspectos ??ticos y legales de la pr??ctica administrativa; instrumentos gerenciales y pr??cticas que ayudan el desarrollo de la consciencia ??tica

??tica y administraci??n p??blica en Am??rica Latina

Este documento trata de ??tica en el contexto de las sociedades tradicionales, frente al desaf??o del desarrollo econ??mico y social y, sobre todo, de implantaci??n de una gesti??n p??blica moderna; la relevancia de los valores morales y ??ticos en la consolidaci??n de la democracia, de la ciudadan??a y justicia social en las sociedades en desarrollo

Colet??nea de pol??ticas p??blicas: volume 2: el papel de la burocracia en el proceso de determinaci??n e implementaci??n de las pol??ticas publicas

O principal objetivo deste livro ?? constituir uma fonte de pesquisa para o estudo do processo de produ????o e implementa????o de pol??ticas p??blicas. Por meio de textos selecionados, analisa-se o pr??prio conceito de pol??ticas p??blicas, discute-se as defini????es utilizadas para distinguir suas diversas fases e apresenta-se algumas das principais correntes te??ricas de an??lise sobre o processo de pol??ticas p??blicas.

Gobernaciones y nueva gesti??n p??blica en Venezuela

A fines de los ???80, el Estado venezolano inici?? una descentralizaci??n pol??tico-territorial produciendo cambios en las gobernaciones, instancias receptoras de competencias en este proceso, las cuales realizan reformas a trav??s de la estrategia selectiva, incorporando algunas de la propuestas de la nueva gesti??n p??blica. Este trabajo explora estas reformas. Se observan: diferencias entre los servicios sociales y los relacionados directamente con la econom??a; privatizaci??n de ??stos; traspaso a la sociedad civil de algunos servicios sociales, creaci??n de entes descentralizados; automatizaci??n de procesos; flexibilizaci??n laboral; iniciativas con lento avance en rendici??n de cuentas por resultados y capacitaci??n para una nueva cultura administrativa. En conclusi??n: la tendencia es a la conformaci??n de una gesti??n p??blica eficiente sobre la base de la reducci??n del aparato estatal, de costos sociales, as?? como de costos y conflictos laborales y escasa incorporaci??n de las propuestas de participaci??n que permiten profundizar la democracia y promover el bienestar social.