Cartografia de uma intervenção comunitária para prevenção de DST/HIV/AIDS

Community-based interventions have been presented as a proposal of operationalization of the concept of vulnerability to STD/Aids prevention. This study aimed to analyze the Community intervention developed through the project Strengthening of Community action networks for STD/Aids prevention: know and intervenein, at Mãe Luiza neighborhood, in the city of Natal, State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The study was conducted in the same location where intervention occurs and took as time reference the first 30 months of construction and deployment process, from April 2010 until December 2012. This is research with qualitative approach, participatory character, developed from the immersion of the researcher in the field, being this community intervention itself. In this perspective, the study approximates to the Cartographic method in which the researcher-researched is engendered in the acts and effects research. The data-generating sources were the memories of the researcher from the field notes, written narratives of subjects involved in the intervention and documents pertaining to the project. In the methodological path of cartography, the image of the rhizome by Deleuze and Guattari (1995) has accompanied the immersion in the field given the nature of research-intervention which approach to the concept of object-Rhizome. The presentation of results was composed for the attempted rhizomatic and a hypertext representation, based on the descriptive narrative taken from the documentary analysis and the multi-faceted narratives with the voices, the looks and the affections narrated by the subject involved, respectively. On the path taken, three lanes were drawn as synthesis of learning produced by experience-that can contribute to understanding the process under study, in his singular character, and reflections on other experiences of community intervention: track 1- Community intervention as active-reflective space and a cause; track 2 Inclusion as power and challenge of community involvement; track 3 Sustainability as A challenge of Community intervention. The study indicates that community intervention is presented as a potential producer of health as also produces practical and creative skills, subjects and inventive in the daily life of the community with a view to reinventing knowledge and practices for the prevention of STD/HIV/Aids

Processo de trabalho em saúde: uma análise das condições de trabalho dos assistentes sociais no âmbito hospitalar

This paper presents the survey results: PROCEDURE FOR WORK IN HEALTH: an analysis of working conditions of social workers in hospitals. Analyzes the inclusion of social workers in work processes in healthcare, specifically in the public hospital, from the objective conditions of work, according to which materializes professional action. The aim is to understand them from the point of view of its relationship with users and other health professionals through the privatization of health, which prevents the Unified Health System (SUS), limiting the operation of the services and the guarantee of rights. The approach to the reality studied was through theoretical and methodological procedures based on the qualitative and quantitative research, focusing on documentary research, observation, semi-structured interview and the theoretical foundation. It is observed that the inclusion of social workers in this context arises from the demands derived from expressions of social issues, "raw material" of professional work, and the gaps resulting from contradictions in the process of rationalization / reorganization of the SUS, meaning that the needs the population are confronted with the content and form of organization of services. At the hospital, the professional actions are developed through the shift, space contradictory clash between the collective and individual, in which individual activities are prioritized and ad hoc unplanned and reduced to the solution of "problems" of users, through actions assistance in an emergency and bureaucratic. These findings emphasize the inadequacy of space and lack of minimum conditions of service to users, which undertakes the professional with regard to ethical and political principles of the profession, since it is the responsibility and duty of the social guarantee the secrecy and privacy of users what is revealed during the process of professional intervention. The professional social workers is permeated by the diversity of skills and competence; lack of planning activities, by incorporating the institutional discourse at the expense of professional goals, by knowing the Code of Professional Ethics, for small number of professionals, the increasing number informality; by poor working conditions and wages; by discouraging research and participation in social policy councils, as well as professional training

Violência contra a mulher:uma análise do trabalho do Centro de Referência da Assistência Social-CREAS/Parnamirim-RN.

This work demonstrates the results obtained from research on violence against women: an analysis of the work from reference center of the Social Assistance-CREAS, held in the city of Parnamirim/RN from September 2008 extending through the february of 2009. Having as goal to investigate and examine in a longitudinal cut, which specifically covers the period from 2006 to 2007, find out extent the actions taken by the Reference Center Specialized Social Assistance- CREAS, contributed to the change of women who were there, by checking if there was any change in their positions ahead of the violence and if they began to realize how social subjects, able to control their living conditions and interfere in the orientation of social dynamics Have a particular emphasis on the presence of work and schooling or lack of them is also a factor to be allied to the barriers and rules imposed on women in contemporary society. In this study it was found through a qualitative research guided by dialectical and implemented through the use of documentary research, observation, semi-structured interview and an extensive theoretical background on the subject in question that the woman victim of violence is in a complex and contradictory context where there is both the construction and deconstruction of rights, a view that there are strong influences of patriarchal culture and the consequences of social issues that specifically searched for the public, focuses on social, economic , political, social and cultural. In this sense, the National Policy to Combat Violence against Women, operated by CREASE Parnamirim, is also reflected in its early stages in the life of these women are to nurture a real chance for these victims of violence, to perceive themselves as social subjects can control their lives and interfere in their own destinies. We want this study to add more knowledge to help and most appropriate intervention in this reality, but without the intention of reaching exhaustion, but to subsidize future studies on the topic of women victims of violence

Violência contra a mulher: uma análise do trabalho do centro de referência da assistência social-CREAS/Parnamirim

This work demonstrates the results obtained from research on violence against women: an analysis of the work from reference center of the Social Assistance-CREAS, held in the city of Parnamirim/RN from September 2008 extending through the february of 2009. Having as goal to investigate and examine in a longitudinal cut, which specifically covers the period from 2006 to 2007, find out extent the actions taken by the Reference Center Specialized Social Assistance-CREAS, contributed to the change of women who were there, by checking if there was any change in their positions ahead of the violence and if they began to realize how social subjects, able to control their living conditions and interfere in the orientation of social dynamics Have a particular emphasis on the presence of work and schooling or lack of them is also a factor to be allied to the barriers and rules imposed on women in contemporary society. In this study it was found through a qualitative research guided by dialectical and implemented through the use of documentary research, observation, semi-structured interview and an extensive theoretical background on the subject in question that the woman victim of violence is in a complex and contradictory context where there is both the construction and deconstruction of rights, a view that there are strong influences of patriarchal culture and the consequences of social issues that specifically searched for the public, focuses on social, economic , political, social and cultural. In this sense, the National Policy to Combat Violence against Women, operated by CREASE Parnamirim, is also reflected in its early stages in the life of these women are to nurture a real chance for these victims of violence, to perceive themselves as social subjects can control their lives and interfere in their own destinies. We want this study to add more knowledge to help and most appropriate intervention in this reality, but without the intention of reaching exhaustion, but to subsidize future studies on the topic of women victims of violence

A Construção/reconstrução das competências profissionais do assistente social diante da gestão do serviço social da indústria SESI a partir dos anos 90

L´étude du processus de construction / reconstruction des compétences de l´assistant social sous la gestion du SESI (Service Social de l´ Industrie), Natal/RN, dès la moitié des années 90 a réaffirmer la perspective que ce processus est le résultat de déterminations macrosociétaires qui sont présents, particulièrement au Brésil, aussi que, la façon par laquelle l´assistant social, le professionnel inscrit dans la division sociale et technique du travail, fait développer son perfectionement technique et intelectuel dans un milieu de nouvelles structures productives qui éxigent un nouveau profil du professionnel face à la crise du capital et de l´État. Cette recherche, de nature qualitative et quantitative, a eu lieu par de combinaisons de recherche bibliographique et empirique. Les sujets ont été huit assistants sociaux et six travailleurs administratifs du SESI, Natal/RN. Les donnés ont été obtenus par des interviews semi-structrées. On a analisé les changements qui sont arrivés dans les gestions du SESI et les compétences qui sont éxigées de l´assistant social ; l´influence du milieu socio-occupationel sur l´action professionnelle et sur le processus de construction/reconstruction de compétences; l´agrandissement de demandes institutionnelles pour l´assistant social par rapport à la prestation de services ; aussi que la constatation de l´importance de ce professionnel, sa hardiesse, mais aussi quelques limites et défis affrontés face à la qualification stimulé par le SESI, en amenant le professionnel dans un processus contradictoire de qualification et disqualification professionelle

O ecoturismo sob a égide da sociedade do consumo: um estudo das Unidades de Conservação de uso sustentável do RN

Ecotourism, in face to environmental demands and discussions, has achieved prominence in the tourism market and wide global development, occasioning a concern about the need for a scientific deepening through a critical approach of the dynamics of consumption and conservation that permeate this practice. This study addresses the ecotourism under aegis of consumer society, in which is perceived that it constitutes a contester practice of society in which it is embedded, nevertheless has been subjected to the logic of capital through commodification of nature. In order to comprehend the reality presented, this study had as geographical cutting two Conservation Units of Sustainable Use in Rio Grande do Norte state: the Jenipabu Environmental Protection Area (APAJ) and Ponta do Tubarão State Sustainable Development Reserve (RDSEPT). The research sought to investigate the relationship between conservation and consumption and their influences on ecotourism held in the Conservation Units (UCs) of sustainable use selected for this study. To this aim it was made a critical reflection about the relationship conservation versus consumption constant in the practice of ecotourism in UCs in the context of current society, analyzing the historical process of formation of UCs of sustainable use in RN state under the light of the contradictory pair conservation-consumption, as well as looking to apprehend the perception of ecotourism of the actors involved with this practice. It was adopted a qualitative approach under a critical perspective based on bibliographical and documentary research and realization of semi-structured interviews with three groups of actors, namely managers/technician, community and ectourists involved with ecotourism in the selected UCs. The analysis was made using two basic units of analysis (consumption and maintenance) and twelve categories. For definition of units of analysis and categories were taken as reference the authors Santos (1987; 1988; 1994; 2001; 2006), Guerreiro Ramos (1989) and A. B. Rodrigues (1996; 2003), which perform critical to society of consumption and describe the key characteristics of the technical-scientific-informational predominant means, and Diegues (1998; 2000), A. B. Rodrigues (2001), Pires (2002) and Neiman and Rabinovici (2010), which discusse historic and scientifically about the emphasis on conservation present in origins and discourse of ecotourism, describing also its founding characteristics. The main results show that the marketing use of the prefix eco has acted as a new dress for what in reality is in fact ancient, ie, the conservation is used as a justification for another new type of consumption. The results also show that despite the coexistence of commercial and symbolic intentions in both UCs, one can observe the predominance consumer society characteristics in the process of creation and the production activities of APAJ, while in RDSEPT we note the predominance of the conservationist characteristics proclaimed by ecotourism. It can be inferred therefore that tourism held in the APAJ can not be called ecotourism, while the practice found in RDSEPT show an alignment with the guidelines of ecotourism

Técnicas baseadas em etnografia e prototipagem no Design de interface de aplicativo mobile para gerenciamento acadêmico

Baseado na metodologia de design participativo, este artigo relata o processo de pesquisa e desenvolvimento de uma versão mobile de um sistema já existente para desktop e amplamente utilizado para o compartilhamento de informações acadêmicas em uma universidade federal do Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada em duas etapas. Na ‘Etapa I’ foram realizados estudos baseados em etnografia envolvendo docentes e discentes: Grupo de Foco, Análise Contextual, Avaliação Heurística Participativa e Avaliação Cooperativa. Por meio dos resultados foi possível identificar funcionalidades e requisitos desejáveis, problemas de usabilidade de uma versão mobile já em processo inicial de desenvolvimento, bem como e elaboração de uma nova interface gráfica. Na ‘Etapa II’ foram avaliados modelos de interação por meio de protótipos especificamente projetados para testes no mecanismo de lançamento de frequência do sistema mobile que, em seguida, foram avaliados através de testes de usabilidade e questionário de satisfação do usuário.

Culinária do Seridó: um elemento da identidade territorial

This work aims to analyze the local cuisine as an element of territorial identity from Seridó Rio Grande do Norte State in the contemporaneousness - XXI century, where it takes place one motion, seemly contradictory, yet dialogical, in the way of eating locally is modified by food diversity and yet is lauded as an element of resistance, that is, of identification. Based on the perspective that groups go over time outlining on the territory their eating cultural characteristics, we have noticed that the spatiality from the local cuisine has happened during the territorial structuring process, being susceptible to the social, economical and technological changes, that hover over this space. On the unfolding days it was created a whole semiology around the cookery , incorporating to its territory of living, symbols, images, knowledge, tastes, feelings and smells that legitimate a way of being, better saying, of eating. But not all of the plates that congregate these aspects, only the oldest, the most emblematic. Within the diverse intercrossing of culture at Seridó region, they are the ones that maintain the vinculum from the group with its culture and with its territory, reminding what they are, or at least what they were, conferring them a legitimacy before those to whom they relate. The cookery from the Seridó region, this way is a cultural geo-symbol that turn this space significant and visible, for ordering the inside characteristics from the group before the new socio-cultural models present in the territory

A expansão do mercado imobiliário em Mossoró: acumulação capitalista e o aprofundamento das contradições socioespaciais

The housing market in Mossoró Rio Grande do Norte (RN) - Brazil have expanded at present moment, causing important changes in the economy and altering the configuration of urban space in the city. However, the effects of this process adversely affect the poor population of the city, creating a series of social problems. This process becomes still more contradictory with the presence of the Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida Program My House My Life (PMCMV). Although this program has to a central purpose (at least in theory) of solve part of the problem of housing scarcity in the country, in the practice its closely links to the logic of capital, stimulates the housing market, cooperating to increased speculation, contributing thus for the more expensive valor of urban land and buildings, putting up as an impediment to the poor population to access to homeownership and decent housing. In this perspective, this paper investigates the nature of the current process of expanding of housing market, animated largely by funds from the PMCMV, and its implications on the social and spatial dynamics of Mossoró, focusing especially the deepening of urban crisis and the contradictions of urban space in this city

Construção coletiva de uma trilha ecológica no cerrado: pesquisa participativa em educação ambiental

Dentre os muitos temas ambientais que podem ser problematizados pela Educação Ambiental encontra-se a proteção aos ecossistemas. Definiu-se como tema, num projeto de Educação Ambiental, o Cerrado, bioma amplamente degradado por ações antrópicas e que faz parte do ambiente natural de Botucatu, interior de São Paulo. Com o objetivo de despertar um olhar crítico-ambiental, visando a integração do ambiente natural e urbano, o projeto, realizado com alunos da 8ª série do Ensino Fundamental, teve como eixo a construção de uma Trilha Ecológica no Cerrado. Todo o processo de planejamento, realização e avaliação da trilha foi participativo: os participantes estudaram as características do Cerrado; identificaram, na área, as espécies remanescentes; discutiram as condições de conservação da área, e tomaram decisões sobre a construção da trilha como recurso educativo. Problematizaram, coletivamente, a interação comunidade-ambiente, articulando consciência ambiental e ação educativa, concluindo sobre o potencial desencadeador deste recurso para reflexões sobre temas socioambientais. O grupo teve a oportunidade de vivenciar um trabalho educativo com crianças da educação infantil, concretizando a trilha como recurso didático-pedagógico na aproximação visitantes-educandos-ambiente.

Compensatory rebound of body movements during sleep, after asphyxia in neonatal rats

OBJETIVO: A utilidade dos movimentos corporais (MC) que ocorrem durante o sono para diagnosticar e predizer as conseqüências, em longo prazo, da asfixia perinatal é contraditório. Este estudo investigou se ratos recém-nascidos (RN) manifestam MC em resposta compensatória à asfixia, e se estas alterações podem ter alguma importância na sua patogênese. MÉTODOS: Oito ratos RN (6-48h de vida) foram submetidos à implantação de pequenos eletrodos para registros da eletromiografia e eletrocardiografia. Os MC e a freqüência cardíaca (FC) foram registrados durante períodos de 30 min: fase controle (F1), fases de asfixia (F2; F3) e fase de recuperação pós-asfixia (F4). A asfixia foi promovida pelo envolvimento completo do animal com uma lâmina de polivinil. RESULTADOS: A FC diminuiu progressivamente durante F2 e F3 até a bradicardia. em F2 houve grande agitação dos animais e aumento dos períodos de vigília. em F3 houve redução significante dos MC de 12,5 ± 0,5 (Md ± SE/2min) para 9,0 ± 0,44 (P<0,05). A freqüência dos MC aumentou em F4 para 15,0 ± 0,49. CONCLUSÃO: Estes dados mostram que ratos RN com asfixia apresentam MC compensatórios durante o sono que podem ajudar no diagnóstico desta afecção e de outros problemas relacionados aos parâmetros do sono.

Micronutrientes na soja: produtividade e análise econômica

A disponibilidade de produtos comerciais contendo micronutrientes tem aumentado nos últimos anos, embora existam resultados experimentais mostrando grande variabilidade, o que torna este tema contraditório. A diminuição do custo relativo no uso de micronutrientes e a expectativa de ganhos em escala, nos últimos anos, tem motivado produtores a utilizar micronutrientes como cobalto, boro e molibdênio, pela sua influência na fixação simbiótica de nitrogênio na soja. O objetivo do trabalho foi de determinar a viabilidade técnica e econômica da aplicação de alguns micronutrientes, com destaque para Mo e Co, na produtividade de grãos da soja. O experimento foi conduzido nos anos agrícolas 2001/02 e 2002/03, na Fazenda Paineira, da SLC Agrícola Ltda, em Coronel Bicaco, RS, em Latossolo Vermelho Distroférrico típico há oito anos sob plantio direto. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com três repetições, com parcelas de 10 x 50 m. A implantação da soja foi em 18/11 de 2001 e em 24/11 de 2002, com população de 225 e 190 mil plantas ha-1, para os dois anos agrícolas, respectivamente. O espaçamento entre linhas foi de 0,40 m e a cultivar foi a RS-10 para os dois anos. Os tratamentos em 2001/02 foram: (1) CoMo; (2)CoMo+Mo; (3) CoMo +Mo+Mo; (4) CoMo+Mo+P30; (5) CoMo +B; (6) B; (7) Mo; (8) Mo+Mo; e (9) Testemunha. em 2003/04, os tratamentos foram: (1) CoMo+2x Mo; (2)CoMo+2x Mo+B; (3) CoMo+2x Mo+Phitosol PK; (4) CoMo+2x Fortifol CaB; (5) CoMo+2x Mo + LBE-PT1; (6) CoMo+2x Mo+P30; (7) CoMo+2x Mo+Stimulate; e (8) Testemunha. O uso de micronutrientes, especialmente Mo e Co, mostrou-se contraditório na avaliação da produtividade física de grãos através de comparação de médias. Entretanto, na maioria dos casos, o retorno econômico da aplicação dos micronutrientes foi positivo, mas evidenciou sua dependência de altas produtividades e preços favoráveis no momento da comercialização.

A reforma orçamentária e a eficiência fiscal

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Aprender de la experiencia: el capital social en la superación de la pobreza

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Protección y participación en la vejez: escenarios futuros y políticas públicas para enfrentar el envejecimiento en Chile

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