Let's Gain More Confidence Of Clinicians With Our Colorful Contours: Blood Flow Simulation In Arteries Using Abaqus & STAR-CCM+

The objective of the current work is to present the results of several numerical simulations of pulsatile blood flow in healthy and diseased arteries and compare with clinical expectations. Different realistic and physiological aspects such as blood flow interaction with arterial walls, effect of heart movement, cardiovascular autoregulation, arterial walls' hyperelasticity and cardiovascular disorders have been incorporated in the models thanks to a direct coupling of Abaqus and STAR-CCM+. Comparisons of implicit and explicit coupling methods in cardiovascular simulations have been discussed. An in-house methodology combined with explicit FSI coupling has reduced considerably calculation time while the simulations stay realistic and reliable for clinicians

Yield, nutrient utilization and soil properties in a melon crop amended with wine-distillery waste

In Spain, large quantities of wine are produced every year (3,339,700 tonnes in 2011) (FAO, 2011) with the consequent waste generation. During the winemaking process, solid residues like grape stalks are generated, as well as grape marc and wine lees as by-products. According to the Council Regulation (EC) 1493/1999 on the common organization of the wine market, by-products coming from the winery industry must be sent to alcohol-distilleries to generate exhausted grape marc and vinasses. With an adequate composting treatment, these wastes can be applied to soils as a source of nutrients and organic matter. A three-year field experiment (2011, 2012 and 2013) was carried out in Ciudad Real (central Spain) to study the effects of wine-distillery waste compost application in a melon crop (Cucumis melo L.). Melon crop has been traditionally cultivated in this area with high inputs of water and fertilizers, but no antecedents of application of winery wastes are known. In a randomized complete block design, four treatments were compared: three compost doses consisted of 6.7 (D1), 13.3 (D2) and 20 t compost ha-1 (D3), and a control treatment without compost addition (D0). The soil was a shallow sandy-loam (Petrocalcic Palexeralfs) with a depth of 0.60 m and a discontinuous petrocalcic horizon between 0.60 and 0.70 m, slightly basic (pH 8.4), poor in organic matter (0.24%), rich in potassium (410 ppm) and with a medium level of phosphorus (22.1 ppm). During each growing period four harvests were carried out and total and marketable yield (fruits weighting <1 kg or visually rotten were not considered), fruit average weight and fruit number per plant were determined. At the end of the crop cycle, four plants per treatment were sampled and the nutrient content (N, P and K) was determined. Soil samplings (0-30 cm depth) were carried before the application of compost and at the end of each growing season and available N and P, as well as exchangeable K content were analyzed. With this information, an integrated analysis was carried out with the aim to evaluate the suitability of this compost as organic amendment.

Option contracts for allocating water in inter-basin transfers: the case of the Tagus-Segura Basin in Spain

Users in the Mediterranean region face significant water supply risks. Water markets mechanisms can provide flexibility to water systems run in tight situations. The largest water infrastructure in the Iberian Peninsula connects the Segura and Tagus Basins. Stakeholders and politicians in the Tagus Basin have asked that water transfers between the two basins be eventually phased out. The need to increase the statutory minimum environmental flow in the middle Tagus and to meet new urban demands is going to result in a redefinition of the Transfer?s management rules, leading to a reduction in the transferable volumes. To minimise the consequences of such restrictions to irrigators in the Segura Basin who depend on the transferred volumes, we propose the establishment of water option contracts between both basins that represents an institutional innovation with respect to previous inter-basin spot market experiences. Based on the draft of the new Tagus Basin Plan, we propose both a modification of the Transfer?s management rule and an innovative inter-basin option contract. The main goal of the paper is to define this contract and evaluate it with respect to non-market scenarios. We also assess the resulting impact on environmental flows in the Tagus River and water availability for users in the Segura Basin, together with the economic impacts of such contract on both basins. Our results show that the proposed option contract would reduce the impact of a change in the transfer?s management rule, and reduce the supply risks of the recipient area.

Loos, Gínzburg y Teige: monumentalidad y modernidad

Durante el exilio norteamericano de 1943, el historiador Sigfried Giedion junto con el arquitecto Josep Lluís Sert y el pintor Fernand Léger escribieron los Nueve Puntos sobre Monumentalidad. El manifiesto fue el antecedente de un texto que el mismo Giedion presentó al año siguiente denominado La Necesidad de una Nueva Monumentalidad. En ese contexto, el interés por discutir el asunto de la monumentalidad buscaba señalar una virtual dirección para la arquitectura venidera en el escenario de la posguerra. Según el historiador, la condición monumental completaba el último paso en una progresión inevitable que tras el establecimiento del paradigma moderno -ocupado inicialmente en resolver temas técnicos, funcionales, simplificados e higienistas- habría de atender los problemas relacionados con la expresión simbólica, conmemorativa, emocional y artística de la nueva arquitectura. En ese sentido nos preguntamos, ¿es la monumentalidad una cuestión abiertamente contradictoria con los principios modernos y por lo tanto excluida durante este periodo?. El crítico norteamericano Lewis Mumford acuñó al respecto una sentencia contundente: "La noción de un monumento moderno implica, en verdad, una contradicción de sus términos: si es un monumento no es moderno, y si es moderno no puede ser un monumento". Con el fin de estructurar un posicionamiento crítico que permita contrastar el amplio espectro conformado entre lo dicho y lo hecho, se toma como referencia la obra escrita de tres personajes fundamentales dentro del desarrollo de la modernidad en la Europa de entreguerras -Adolf Loos en la Viena de transición del fin de siècle, Moisei Gínzburg en los márgenes del constructivismo soviético y Karel Teige en el contexto de la vanguardia Checa- para indagar sobre cuándo y cómo se encuentran o rechazan las nociones de modernidad y monumentalidad en ese período crítico. Dado que es objeto de interés establecer los posibles límites en la reflexión que entreteje desde los posicionamientos conscientes a las complicidades involuntarias del aparente enfrentamiento. En el proceso de mutación entre el proyecto y la obra construida, entre la palabra escrita y la arquitectura, las aportaciones de estos tres críticos figuran como relevantes en un ejercicio que busca comprobar posteriormente la trascendencia del asunto en algunos de los ejemplos canónicos de la arquitectura de los primeros años del siglo XX. A la distancia, la importancia del tema recae en un interés vigente en el que los aspectos de representación, memoria, significado o legitimidad, siguen siendo motivo de debate en el panorama de la producción arquitectónica actual.

Building an ontology catalogue for smart cities

Apart from providing semantics and reasoning power to data, ontologies enable and facilitate interoperability across heterogeneous systems or environments. A good practice when developing ontologies is to reuse as much knowledge as possible in order to increase interoperability by reducing heterogeneity across models and to reduce development effort. Ontology registries, indexes and catalogues facilitate the task of finding, exploring and reusing ontologies by collecting them from different sources. This paper presents an ontology catalogue for the smart cities and related domains. This catalogue is based on curated metadata and incorporates ontology evaluation features. Such catalogue represents the first approach within this community and it would be highly useful for new ontology developments or for describing and annotating existing ontologies.

Evolution of extreme temperature events in short term climate projection for Iberian Peninsula

Extreme events of maximum and minimum temperatures are a main hazard for agricultural production in Iberian Peninsula. For this purpose, in this study we analyze projections of their evolution that could be valid for the next decade, represented in this study by the 30-year period 2004-2034 (target period). For this purpose two kinds of data were used in this study: 1) observations from the station network of AEMET (Spanish National Meteorological Agency) for five Spanish locations, and 2) simulated data at a resolution of 50 50 km horizontal grid derived from the outputs of twelve Regional Climate Models (RCMs) taken from project ENSEMBLES (van der Linden and Mitchell, 2009), with a bias correction (Dosio and Paruolo, 2011; Dosio et al., 2012) regarding the observational dataset Spain02 (Herrera et al., 2012). To validate the simulated climate, the available period of observations was compared to a baseline period (1964-1994) of simulated climate for all locations. Then, to analyze the changes for the present/very next future, probability of extreme temperature events for 2004-2034 were compared to that of the baseline period. Although only minor changes are expected, small variations in variability may have a significant impact in crop performance.

Desarrollo de Competencias. Caso Práctico: Estudiantes Voluntarios en Congreso Científico

El desarrollo de competencias transversales en un entorno de trabajo potencia las capacidades de integración de los estudiantes en el mundo laboral. El presente trabajo describe la experiencia de colaboración de estudiantes voluntarios en el pasado Congreso Ibérico de Agroingeniería y Ciencias Hortícolas celebrado en Madrid en el año 2013. El equipo de 15 voluntarios, compuesto por estudiantes procedentes de estudios de grado, ingenierías, máster y doctorado, desarrolló múltiples funciones de apoyo a la organización. Las funciones realizadas por los voluntarios supusieron una experiencia de aprendizaje activo en la que éstos pudieron desarrollar competencias relevantes para su futura vida laboral. Se proponen diversas competencias extraídas de las especificadas por la ETSI Agrónomos de la UPM para la evaluación de prácticas en empresa de sus estudiantes; en el RD 1393/2007, que establece la ordenación de las enseñanzas universitarias oficiales; en el Marco Español de Cualificaciones para la Educación Superior (MECES) y el Marco Europeo (EQF); y las establecidas por organizaciones como las sociedades europea y Americana para la formación de ingenieros (SEFI y ABET), relacionando las funciones llevadas a cabo por los voluntarios con las competencias desarrolladas. Finalmente se evalúa el desarrollo de estas competencias mediante la información recabada dentro del plan de calidad del congreso y que comprende la autoevaluación de los voluntarios junto con diversas en cuestas de valoración de resultados y satisfacción completadas, tanto por parte de los asistentes como de los moderadores de sesiones durante el congreso.

The impact of large-scale circulation patterns on summer crop in Iberian Peninsula

Large-scale circulations patterns (ENSO, NAO) have been shown to have a significant impact on seasonal weather, and therefore on crop yield over many parts of the world(Garnett and Khandekar, 1992; Aasa et al., 2004; Rozas and Garcia-Gonzalez, 2012). In this study, we analyze the influence of large-scale circulation patterns and regional climate on the principal components of maize yield variability in Iberian Peninsula (IP) using reanalysis datasets. Additionally, we investigate the modulation of these relationships by multidecadal patterns. This study is performed analyzing long time series of maize yield, only climate dependent, computed with the crop model CERES-maize (Jones and Kiniry, 1986) included in Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT v.4.5).

Assessment for English language education on the programs at the Agricultural Engineering School of Madrid

The convergence process among European academic degrees pursues the exchange of graduate students and the adaptation of university programs to social demand. Within the framework of the European Higher Education, European universities will need to be more competitive not only by increasing or maintaining the student enrolment, but also in their academic performance. Thus, the reinforcing of English language education within the University Programs might play an important role to reach these objectives. In this sense, a complete survey was accomplished at the Agricultural Egineering School of Madrid (ETSIA ) addressing issues such as: identification the needs for bilingual instruction at ETSIA, identification resources needed and interest and background in English language of students and professors (San José et al., 2013). The conclusions and recommendations to promote the bilingual instruction in the ETSIA, taking into account the approaches followed by other Spanish universities, are presented in this work.

Application of low cost technology for the management of irrigation in organic orchards

Throughout history, humans have cyclically return to their old traditions such as the organic orchards. Nowadays, these have been integrated into the modern cities and could supply fresh vegetables to the daily food improving human health. Organic orchards grow crops without pesticides and artificial fertilizers thus, they are respectful with the environment and guarantee the food's safety . In modern society, the application of new technology is a must, in this case to obtain an efficient irrigation. In order to monitor a proper irrigation and save water and energy, soil water content probes are used to measure soil water content. Among them, capacitive probes ,monitored with a specific data logger, are typically used. Most of them, specially the data loggers, are expensive and in many cases are not used. In this work, we have applied the open hardware Arduino to build and program a low cost datalogger for the programming of irrigation in an experimental organic orchard. Results showed that the application of such as low cost technology, which is easily available in the market and easy to understand, everyone can built and program its own device helping in managing water resources in organic orchards .

Self-regulation of discharge in non-compensating subsurface drip irrigation emitters

Se muestra los resultados de un studio con modelos de goteros enterrados donde se observa un efecto de autoreegulación del efecto de sobrepresión del agua en el suelo.

Operational water balance in irrigation districts

In pressure irrigation-water distribution networks, applied water volume is usually controlled opening a valve during a calculated time interval, and assuming constant flow rate. In general, pressure regulating devices for controlling the discharged flow rate by irrigation units are needed due to the variability of pressure conditions.

Memory isolation in many-core embedded systems

The current approach to developing mixed-criticality sys- tems is by partitioning the hardware resources (processors, memory and I/O devices) among the different applications. Partitions are isolated from each other both in the temporal and the spatial domain, so that low-criticality applications cannot compromise other applications with a higher level of criticality in case of misbehaviour. New architectures based on many-core processors open the way to highly parallel systems in which each partition can be allocated to a set of dedicated proces- sor cores, thus simplifying partition scheduling and temporal separation. Moreover, spatial isolation can also benefit from many-core architectures, by using simpler hardware mechanisms to protect the address spaces of different applications. This paper describes an architecture for many- core embedded partitioned systems, together with some implementation advice for spatial isolation.

Application of Vegetation Indices to Estimate Acorn Production at Iberian

The Iberian pig valued natural resources of the pasture when fattened in mountain. The variability of acorn production is not contained in any line of Spanish agricultural insurance. However, the production of arable pasture is covered by line insurance number 133 for loss of pasture compensation. This scenario is only contemplated for breeding cows and brave bulls, sheep, goats and horses, although pigs are not included. This insurance is established by monitoring ten-day composites Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) measured by satellite over treeless pastures, using MODIS TERRA satellite. The aim of this work is to check if we can use a satellite vegetation index to estimate the production of acorns.

Proyecto de Monumento a Beethoven en Viena

Proyecto de Monumento a Beethoven en Viena