993 resultados para 316.8487


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Neutron transmutation doped (NTD) silicon crystals grown in a hydrogen atmosphere have been investigated by infrared absorption spectroscopy at a low temperature (10 K). An effective-mass-like donor state HD0/+ has been found at 110.8 me V below the conduction band bottom after rapid thermal annealing (RTA). The HD0/+ formation mechanism after NTD and RTA is briefly discussed, and tentatively attributed to H atoms present in the vicinity of some residual irradiation defects, like a complex of a H atom and a H-saturated vacancy.

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The interfacial behavior of the single quantum well (SQW) GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs electrode in HQ/BQ and Fc/Fc(+) electrolytes was characterized respectively by studying the quantum confined Stark effect and Franz-Keldysh oscillation with electrolyte electroreflectance spectroscopy. The interaction of the surface state of the SQW electrode with redox species and its effects on the distribution of external bias at the interface of the SQW electrode are discussed.

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根据OIF-VSR5-01.0的CWDM协议,对40 Gb/s甚短距离(VSR)并行光传输电信号转换实现原理和方法进行了研究,在高速的可编程逻辑器件FPGA(field programmable gate array)上,使用硬件描述语言,完成了对时钟数据恢复、信道去斜移、64 b/66 b转换、帧对准和扰码与解扰等功能模块的设计,实现了SFI-5接口与OIF-VSR5-01.0接口电信号格式的相互转换,建立了符合4信道CWDM协议的IP核.

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于2010-11-23批量导入

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国家自然科学基金

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中科院基金,其它基金

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采伐迹地上运走大径级的原木所剩下的枝桠物质是生态系统养分能量的来源;是动力,植物和微生物物栖息地。在本世纪五十年代就有人(A. A. Loman)对择伐和皆伐迹地上的枝桠进行了研究,用以比较它们树皮存留率的差异,但详细深入的研究是在八十年代以后,以R. L. Edmonds, C. E. Pertson为代表研究不同层次,不同径级研究枝桠的分解速率,我国在此领域的研究尚属空白。本文以长白山阔叶红松林带的四个树种:红松,白桦,落叶松,色木为对象探讨了它们枝桠的生物量,分解速率,分解过程中的养分动态以及枝桠堆对更新和火灾的影响。采伐后0-14后间,迹地上枝桠干重为31.96-9.60T/ha,通过对7个年代采伐迹地上枝桠堆面积估算后得知,枝桠堆平均占地为11.53%,以1CM直径累计值对应的枝桠堆的高度(Y:CM)为因变量,分解时间(X, yr)为自变量,则枝桠堆高度随时间变化的过程可以描述为:Y = 1.288 - 0.000889 X~2 r = -0.9896。本文以密度(Y: g/CM~3)随分解年令(X: yr)的变化来表示分解速率。四十年代样品用排水法求出来的密度与用园柱法求出的密度有如下相关关系:Y排 = 0.0129 +2.316 Y园,r = 0.94 Y表示密度(g/CM~3)。我们用单项指数模型描述分解速率:落叶松:Y = 0.4701 * exp (-0.01783 X) r = -0.927 色木: Y = 0.6742 * exp (-0.07824 X) r = -0.988 红松:Y = 0.5349 * exp (-0.03421 X) r = -0.927 桦树:Y = 0.5316 * exp (-0.1139 X) r = -0.992 红松树皮的分解模型近似于直线:Y = 0.5258 - 0.01133 X r = -0.984 落叶松,红松,色木,桦树的分解常数分别为:0.01783, 0.0.41, 0.0782, 0.1139。依此预测分解原密度的95%所需要的时间分别为:168年,87.6年,38.3年,26年。可以看出这四个树种分解从难到易的顺序为:落叶松 > 红松 > 色木 > 桦树。对枝桠密度的差民显著性检验可以说明:红松样品层次对分解的影响显著而径级对分解的影响仅在下层显著。随着分解的进行,样品的重量损失,我们也探讨了密度的降低与失重百分率之间的关系。桦树样品下层失重比上层快,说明淋溶作用对桦树样品失重的贡献不大。温湿度是影响分解的最主要的生态因子。枝桠堆上下层的湿度差异特别明显。分解时间越长,径级对含水量的影响越显著。水分含量(Y:%)随年代(X: yr)变化的趋势为:Y = 36.18 - 0.004337 X~2 (4-7cm径级)Y = 33.64 - 0.01097 X~2 (1-4cm径级) 温,湿度影响土壤动物及微生物种群分布及数量,进而影响到枝桠的分解速率,分解过程中元素动态变化是:C基本上恒定,全N含量趋于增高。径级对红松N的累积有影响。下层4-6cm径极累积最快,其次是上层4-6cm。层次的影响仅限于红松,除72年以外上层 > 下层。其它元素如P, Mg++, Ca++总的趋势是随分解过程而增加。土壤中的C元素含量受立地条件的影响,但是枝桠堆下面土壤C值高于对照。枝桠堆对森林更新和火灾均有影响。枝桠是林火的燃料,枝桠堆面积占采伐迹地的11.53%,这样减少更新面积。

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