989 resultados para 130-803B
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The pH of the surface ocean is a sensitive function of its alkalinity and total inorganic carbon concentration, properties which also control the partial pressure of atmospheric carbon dioxide (Broecker and Peng, 1982). Thus, an accurate proxy for past ocean pH could yield information about variations in atmospheric CO2. Recently, it has been suggested that the boron isotopic composition of foraminiferal tests depends on the pH of sea water as well as its isotopic composition (Vengosh et al., 1991, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(91)90139-V; Hemming and Hanson, 1992, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(92)90151-8). Here we present boron isotope and elemental data for sedimentary pore fluids and isotope data for bulk foraminiferal samples from a deep-sea sediment core. The composition of the pore waters implies that sea water boron concentrations and isotopic composition have been constant during the past 21 Myr, allowing us to reconstruct past ocean pH directly from the foraminiferal isotope data. We find that 21 Myr ago, surface ocean pH was only 7.4 ±0.2, but it then increased to 8.2 ±0.2 (roughly the present value) about 7.5 Myr ago. This is consistent with suggestions (Popp et al., 1989; Cerling, 1991; Arthur et al., 1991) that atmospheric CO2 concentrations may have been much higher 21 Myr ago than today.
(Table 3) Relative depth and age, CaCO3, d18O, d13C and Sr/Ca analysis from ODP Leg 130, 154 and 138
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Interpretations of calcite strontium/calcium records in terms of ocean history and calcite diagenesis require distinguishing the effects on deep-sea calcite sediments of changes in ocean chemistry, of different mixes of calcite-depositing organisms as sediment contributors through time and space, and of the loss of Sr during diagenetic calcite recrystallization. In this paper Sr/Ca and d18O values of bulk calcium carbonate sediments are used to estimate the relative extent of calcite recrystallization in samples from four time points (core tops, 5.6, 9.4, and 37.1 Ma) at eight Ocean Drilling Program sites in the equatorial Atlantic (Ceara Rise) and equatorial Pacific (Ontong Java Plateau and two eastern equatorial Pacific sites). The possibility that site-to-site differences in calcite Sr/Ca at a given time point originated from temporal variations in ocean chemistry was eliminated by careful age control of samples for each time point, with sample ages differing by less than the oceanic residence times of Sr and Ca. The Sr/Ca and d18O values of 5.6- and 9.4-Ma samples from the less-carbonate-rich eastern equatorial Pacific sites and Ceara Rise Site 929 appear to be less diagenetically altered than the Sr/Ca and d18O values of contemporaneous samples from the more carbonate-rich sites. It is evident from these data that both Sr/Ca and d18O in bulk calcite have been diagenetically altered in some samples 5.6 Ma and older. These data indicate that noncarbonate sedimentary components, like clay and biogenic silica, have partially suppressed recrystallization at the lower carbonate sites. Sr/Ca data from the less altered, carbonate-poor sites indicate higher oceanic Sr/Ca relative to today at 5.6 and 9.4 Ma.
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The distribution of Mesozoic calcareous nannofossils are tabulated for Holes 807C and 8O3D drilled on the Ontong Java Plateau in the western equatorial Pacific. Nannofossils were abundant but poorly preserved in Hole 803D and range from early Albian to Maastrichtian in age. A possibly complete and expanded K/T boundary interval yielded few diagnostic taxa because of the dissolution of Tertiary forms. The only nannofossil-bearing sample examined from Hole 803D contained the uppermost Maastrichtian zonal indicator Micula prinsii.
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Transportation Systems Center, Cambridge, Mass.
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Plate no.: 2649.
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Includes bibliographical references.
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Referred to the Committee on interstate and foreign commerce and ordered printed, with illustrations, June 6, 1938.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Precede al tít.: Senado constituido en Tribunal de Justicia.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Mode of access: Internet.
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Description based on: 79-001 (May 1979).
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Mode of access: Internet.