Draft revised text of the constituent declaration and functions and rules of procedure of the Caribbean Development and Cooperation Committee as adopted by the 19th Session of the CDCC, 13-14 March 2002. Note by the Secretariat

Includes bibliography

A heuristic approach for accessing and employing the infrared behavior of Yang-Mills correlation functions

This work analyses a hypothetically improved perturbative approach taking a dressed massive-like gluon propagator and an effective coupling into account. As an early step, corrections were calculated to the ghost and gluon propagators, and the ghost-gluon vertex in the Landau gauge, pure SU(3) Yang-Mills theory. Results were satisfactorily compared with lattice data. © 2013 American Institute of Physics.

Advances on statistical/thermodynamical models for unpolarized structure functions

During the eights and nineties many statistical/thermodynamical models were proposed to describe the nucleons' structure functions and distribution of the quarks in the hadrons. Most of these models describe the compound quarks and gluons inside the nucleon as a Fermi / Bose gas respectively, confined in a MIT bag[1] with continuous energy levels. Another models considers discrete spectrum. Some interesting features of the nucleons are obtained by these models, like the sea asymmetries d̄/ū and d̄-ū. © 2013 American Institute of Physics.

Performance of Down syndrome subjects during a coincident timing task

Background: The time synchronization is a very important ability for the acquisition and performance of motor skills that generate the need to adapt the actions of body segments to external events of the environment that are changing their position in space. Down Syndrome (DS) individuals may present some deficits to perform tasks with synchronization demand. We aimed to investigate the performance of individuals with DS in a simple Coincident Timing task. Method. 32 individuals were divided into 2 groups: the Down syndrome group (DSG) comprised of 16 individuals with average age of 20 (+/- 5 years old), and a control group (CG) comprised of 16 individuals of the same age. All individuals performed the Simple Timing (ST) task and their performance was measured in milliseconds. The study was conducted in a single phase with the execution of 20 consecutive trials for each participant. Results: There was a significant difference in the intergroup analysis for the accuracy adjustment - Absolute Error (Z = 3.656, p = 0.001); and for the performance consistence - Variable Error (Z = 2.939, p = 0.003). Conclusion: DS individuals have more difficulty in integrating the motor action to an external stimulus and they also present more inconsistence in performance. Both groups presented the same tendency to delay their motor responses. © 2013 Torriani-Pasin et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

Mechanisms in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis involved in control of autonomic and neuroendocrine functions: A review

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

The fat body of termites: Functions and stored materials

The functions of the fat body in the different castes of termites, and accumulation of energy reserves, proteins and urates within this organ, are reviewed. The termite fat body is involved in multiple metabolic activities, including recycling of nitrogen. Termite fat body showed three different types of cells: adipocytes, urocytes and mycetocytes, the latter restricted to the species Mastotermes darwiniensis. Adipocytes synthesize and store lipids, glycogen and several proteins. These cells also elaborate important peptides, including some that act in immune processes. Urocytes are responsible for the storage of spherocrystals of urates, which vary quantitatively among the termite castes. The different metabolic functions of the fat body in the several castes and stages of termites are associated with specific adipocyte morphologies. The synthesis and storage of different compounds modify the structure of the fat body; this differentiation is coordinated by hormones involved with molting and reproductive cycles. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd.

Reestructuración y revitalización de las Naciones Unidas en las esferas económica y social: papel y funciones de la CEPAL = Restructuring and revitalization of the United Nations in the economic and social fields: role and functions of ECLAC = Restructuration et revitalisation de l'Organisation des Nations Unies dans les domaines économique et social: rôle et fonctions de la CEPALC

Incluye Bibliografía

Descentralización de las actividades económicas y sociales de las NU: las nuevas funciones de las comisiones regionales en la cooperación regional e interregional = Decentralization of the economic and social activities of the UN: the new functions of the regional commissions in regional and interregional co-operation

Incluye Bibliografía

Estructura intergubernamental y funciones de la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe = Intergovernmental structure and functions of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean = Structure et fonctions du mécanisme intergouvernemental de la Commission Economique pour l'Amérique latine et les Caraïbes

Incluye Bibliografía

Effects of square-stepping exercise on cognitive functions of older people

Aim: Cognitive functions can decline with age, and interventions focusing on stimulating them may have positive results. Previous studies have shown that square-stepping exercise (SSE) has a good influence on balance, but this exercise also seems to promote cognitive stimulation. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to analyse the effect of 16 weeks of SSE on cognitive functions in non-demented community-dwelling older people. Methods: This was a longitudinal, non-randomized study. Forty-one older adults (60 years and older) were recruited, and 21 participated in the SSE group (practised only SSE sequences) and 20 were in the control group (continued with their activities of daily living). Both groups were evaluated using the Mini-Mental State Examination, the Digit Span test, the Toulouse-Pierón Attention Test and the Modified Card Sorting Test. Results: The SSE group showed a significant improvement in global cognitive status, concentrated attention and mental flexibility after 16 weeks of the SSE intervention. Conclusion: Evidence shows that SSE is a physical activity that positively influences cognitive functions in non-demented older people. © 2013 Japanese Psychogeriatric Society.

Reducing the conservatism of LMI-based stabilisation conditions for TS fuzzy systems using fuzzy Lyapunov functions

In this article, the fuzzy Lyapunov function approach is considered for stabilising continuous-time Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy systems. Previous linear matrix inequality (LMI) stability conditions are relaxed by exploring further the properties of the time derivatives of premise membership functions and by introducing slack LMI variables into the problem formulation. The relaxation conditions given can also be used with a class of fuzzy Lyapunov functions which also depends on the membership function first-order time-derivative. The stability results are thus extended to systems with large number of rules under membership function order relations and used to design parallel-distributed compensation (PDC) fuzzy controllers which are also solved in terms of LMIs. Numerical examples illustrate the efficiency of the new stabilising conditions presented. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.