Les stratégies syndicales face aux restructurations d’entreprises : une étude comparative des contre-pouvoirs syndicaux dans le secteur des équipementiers automobiles en France et au Canada

Cette thèse tente de comprendre l’impact des restructurations des entreprises multinationales sur les stratégies syndicales. Les acteurs syndicaux locaux sont-ils déterminés par l’appartenance à des régimes nationaux et à des contingences organisationnelles ou peuvent-ils influencer des décisions objectives comme les restructurations ? Cette recherche s’insère dans une problématique large qui fait la jonction entre la mondialisation économique sur une base continentale, la réorganisation productive des entreprises multinationales et l’action syndicale. Au plan théorique, nous confrontons trois grandes approches analytiques, à savoir : le néo-institutionnalisme et les structures d’opportunités ; l’économie politique critique et la question du pouvoir syndical ; la géographie économique critique mettant de l’avant les contingences, l’encastrement et l’espace concurrentiel. Sur la base de ces trois familles, nous présentons un modèle d’analyse multidisciplinaire. Au plan méthodologique, cette thèse est structurée autour de quatre études de cas locales qui ont subi des menaces de restructurations. Cette collecte a été effectuée dans deux pays (la France et le Canada) et dans un secteur particulier (les équipementiers automobiles). Trois sources qualitatives forment le cœur empirique de cette thèse : des statistiques descriptives, des documents de sources secondaires et des entretiens semi-dirigés (44), principalement avec des acteurs syndicaux. L’analyse intra et inter régime national éclaire plusieurs aspects de la question des stratégies syndicales en contexte de restructurations. Les principales contributions de cette thèse touchent : 1. l’impact des facteurs relationnels et des ressources de pouvoir développées par les syndicats locaux sur les structures d’opportunités institutionnelles; 2. l’importance des aspects « cognitifs » et d’envisager le pouvoir de manière multi-niveaux; 3. l’importance de l’encastrement social et des dynamiques relationnelles entre syndicats et patronats; 4. l’influence de la concurrence internationale/nationale/régionale/locale dans le secteur des équipementiers automobiles; et 5. l’importance des arbitrages et des relations entre les acteurs de l’entreprise par rapport à la théorie de la contingence pour comprendre les marges structurelles des syndicats locaux. Notre recherche invite les acteurs sociaux à repenser leur action dans le cadre des restructurations. En particulier, les syndicats locaux se doivent d’explorer de nouveaux répertoires stratégiques pour répondre aux nombreux défis que posent le changement économique et les restructurations.

Identidade, memória e narrativas na dança de São Gonçalo do povoado Mussuca (SE)

This study deals with the participation of the dance of São Gonçalo of the Mussuca town/SE, in the process of construction of the ethnic identity among this social group. The Mussuca is a grouping recognized as afro-descendents, linked with black enslaved people in the valley of the Cotinguiba region. The collective memory functions as a drive of this linking with the past and if it makes to elaborate narratives on this descent. The objective of this study was to investigate the ways the rite went through to constitute itself as an element of ethnic representation. Internal and external agents had been identified who had participated in different contexts. By means of an ethnographic work we ve reached some aspects of the local structure social which demonstrated the contradictions through the social relations of the group. This process of ethnic autorecognition presents the kinship and the space question as definers of the social arrangements which establish its ethnic boundaries

Beneath the surface of the heritage enterprise. Governmentality and cultural representation of rural architecture in Portugal

This article focuses on the construction of heritage in rural Portugal. Drawing on anthropological fieldwork in the village of Castelo Rodrigo, it analyses the extensive protection and exhibition of domestic architecture in the framework of a State-led local development programme. By bringing in the messiness of daily practices, the article goes beyond neat theoretical formulations in the study of heritage such as Foucault’s theory of “governmentality” and Kirshenblatt-Gimblett’s notion of “second life as heritage”. It argues that the “conduct of conduct” is actually nowhere near as effective as its theoretical formulation might have us believe, and the second life as heritage suffocates the first life of houses as social habitats for the village population.

Relações interétnicas em conflito entre Makuxi e Wapixana na terra indígena Raposa Serra do Sol

This dissertation present an analysis of the interethnic conflict between Makuxi and Wapixana at the current moment in the Maloca of the Adobe, Aboriginal Land Fox-Mountain range of the Sun, in the State of Roraima. The theoretical field was boarded in the Ethnology, pursuing situations in local history, with edges in ethno-history. The research elapsed of the deepening necessity on the social relations and aboriginal politics, for the intercultural professional exercise of educator, appealing the bibliographical survey and participant comment as method; not directive interviews, photographs, filmings and daily register in of field, as techniques carried through in the period of 2006 to 2007. Although to inhabit in the same area and to establish marriages between itself, individuals and groups express tensions, aggravated with the landmark and legal recognition of the area, which generated inter dispute and intraetnias, mainly with the intrusion of farmers, rizicultores and the form of governmental influence. A relation of rivalry, individual and collective was evidenced, suggesting the strengthenig and not it fractionly, of the fights external politics, interns and in way to the cultural diversity and social adversity

Os forrós da Serra da Gameleira (São Tomé/RN) : etnicidade, festa e sociabilidade

This work intends to describe and analyze the parties of forró that happen in Serra da Gameleira, in São Tomé/RN. Serra is a divided social space: groups of different ethnic origins live together in Gameleira de Baixo, Salgadinho (or Gameleira de Cima) and Chaves Belas. They are approximately two hundred families that live exclusively from agriculture. We try to understand how the parties inform about the social organization, the ethnic composition of the families that live there and the past of Serra, through the genealogy offorró players. In the discussion, we identify the festive places: in the total, we have Five houses of forró that function regularly one of them has been described. The private and public spaces inside them are intimate related, with no clear limits between the house of forró and the residence. Each house of forró has an owner, that regularly makes the parties, mobilizing a big part of the inhabitants, and provoking the straitening of the social relations. Observing the festive sociability between different social segments, the forró appears like na element that minimizes social conflicts, providing news ways of association and cooperation in the space of Serra da Gameleira. For the collection of facts, we used the ethnographic method, through the direct observation, interviewing and documentary research. The local history is recounted following the routes of oral memory and historical documents analysis. In the end of the analysis, we concluded that music and party are elements that aggregate the different groups that live in the location and determine forms of expression of what is seen as a traditional culture

A docência no piano : representações sociais de professores de escolas de música em Taguatinga

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Artes, Departamento de Música, Programa de Pós-graduação em Música, 2015.

Contributos para a adaptação e aferição de duas medidas de suporte social

"A perceção de suporte social familiar e dos amigos tem uma grande influência no desenvolvimento psicossocial saudável dos adolescentes. Desta forma, propusemo-nos adaptar e aferir para a população portuguesa as escalas de medida Perceção do Suporte Social da Família (PSS-Fam) e dos Amigos (PSS-Am) de Procidado e Heller (1983). Apresentamos os resultados obtidos a partir de uma amostra de 851 adolescentes com idades compreendidas entre os 11 e os 19 anos. Os resultados estão de acordo com os obtidos por Procidano e Heller (1983) que obtiveram uma solução com apenas um fator para cada escala. Os estudos psicométricos revelam, de forma global, bons índices de fiabilidade e validade dos instrumentos. Concluímos contribuindo com duas medidas adequadas para avaliar o suporte social percebido na população adolescente."

Intervenção social em parceria – rede social de Silves

Dissertação de Mestrado, Educação Social, Escola Superior de Educação e Comunicação, Universidade do Algarve, 2016

Pasaje Artístico La Mariposa

76 p.

Travailleuses sociales diplômées à l’étranger : les enjeux du transfert de leurs connaissances au contexte de pratique montréalais

Les travailleurs sociaux font partie des professionnels de la santé et des services sociaux, de plus en plus nombreux, qui choisissent d’immigrer au Québec afin d’y vivre et d’y poursuivre leur carrière. La reconnaissance des diplômes obtenus à l’étranger et l’obtention d’un permis de pratique délivré par l’Ordre des travailleurs sociaux et des thérapeutes conjugaux et familiaux du Québec constituent un passage obligé afin d’exercer la profession en contexte québécois. Une fois ces étapes franchies, les travailleurs sociaux immigrants disposent de connaissances acquises dans leur pays d’origine pour intervenir dans un nouvel univers professionnel et culturel. Prenant la forme d’un mémoire par articles et prenant appui sur les données obtenues dans le cadre d’une recherche qualitative pancanadienne sur l’adaptation professionnelle des travailleurs sociaux issus de l’immigration (Pullen Sansfaçon, Brown et Graham, CRSH 2011-2012, CRSH 2012- 2015), ce mémoire explore les enjeux inhérents au transfert des connaissances, des expériences professionnelles et des valeurs acquises à l’étranger vers un contexte de pratique québécois. L’expérience vécue par 26travailleuses sociales immigrantes, diplômées à l’étranger et pratiquant actuellement dans la grande région montréalaise, a permis de rendre compte des aspects transférables ou moins transférables du travail social. Ainsi, la mission et les valeurs du travail social, les expériences professionnelles, les connaissances théoriques et les habiletés cliniques apparaissent comme des connaissances se transférant bien au-delà des frontières nationales. Par contre, le récit des participantes indique que les connaissances relatives aux lois, aux politiques sociales, aux procédures organisationnelles et à la langue se transfèrent plus difficilement, ce qui peut générer certaines lacunes dans un contexte de pratique différent de celui où la formation en travail social a été obtenue. Dans ce contexte, il ressort que la contribution des milieux de pratique et le soutien des collègues de travail sont des éléments centraux favorisant l’acquisition de connaissances locales.

Travailleuses sociales diplômées à l’étranger : les enjeux du transfert de leurs connaissances au contexte de pratique montréalais

Les travailleurs sociaux font partie des professionnels de la santé et des services sociaux, de plus en plus nombreux, qui choisissent d’immigrer au Québec afin d’y vivre et d’y poursuivre leur carrière. La reconnaissance des diplômes obtenus à l’étranger et l’obtention d’un permis de pratique délivré par l’Ordre des travailleurs sociaux et des thérapeutes conjugaux et familiaux du Québec constituent un passage obligé afin d’exercer la profession en contexte québécois. Une fois ces étapes franchies, les travailleurs sociaux immigrants disposent de connaissances acquises dans leur pays d’origine pour intervenir dans un nouvel univers professionnel et culturel. Prenant la forme d’un mémoire par articles et prenant appui sur les données obtenues dans le cadre d’une recherche qualitative pancanadienne sur l’adaptation professionnelle des travailleurs sociaux issus de l’immigration (Pullen Sansfaçon, Brown et Graham, CRSH 2011-2012, CRSH 2012- 2015), ce mémoire explore les enjeux inhérents au transfert des connaissances, des expériences professionnelles et des valeurs acquises à l’étranger vers un contexte de pratique québécois. L’expérience vécue par 26travailleuses sociales immigrantes, diplômées à l’étranger et pratiquant actuellement dans la grande région montréalaise, a permis de rendre compte des aspects transférables ou moins transférables du travail social. Ainsi, la mission et les valeurs du travail social, les expériences professionnelles, les connaissances théoriques et les habiletés cliniques apparaissent comme des connaissances se transférant bien au-delà des frontières nationales. Par contre, le récit des participantes indique que les connaissances relatives aux lois, aux politiques sociales, aux procédures organisationnelles et à la langue se transfèrent plus difficilement, ce qui peut générer certaines lacunes dans un contexte de pratique différent de celui où la formation en travail social a été obtenue. Dans ce contexte, il ressort que la contribution des milieux de pratique et le soutien des collègues de travail sont des éléments centraux favorisant l’acquisition de connaissances locales.

Velhice e exclusão social: Um estudo no Centro de Convívio e Apoio à Terceira Idade do Tortosendo

O envelhecimento generalizado da população portuguesa tem levado ao aparecimento de novas políticas sociais de curto, médio e longo prazo, que se repercutem na actual organização social com a criação de instituições de apoio aos idosos, às quais é cada vez mais requerido a prestação de um serviço de qualidade. Por isso, elegemos como objecto de estudo uma instituição pioneira em Portugal, o Centro de Convívio e Apoio à Terceira Idade do Tortosendo, e como problemática geral, saber se este contribui para a inserção social do idoso na comunidade local, procurando analisar e compreender o seu contributo no combate à exclusão social. Através de um estudo exploratório, de carácter descritivo, concluímos que esta Instituição desempenha um papel significativo na inserção social do idoso na comunidade local, na medida em que os idosos revelam um forte sentimento de pertença para com a Instituição.

Digging Deeper than Platinum: South Africa's Participation in an Emergent Fuel Cell Industry

Thesis (Master, Environmental Studies) -- Queen's University, 2016-09-09 11:52:31.446

A Bestança - Pedras do Pão

O presente trabalho surge como resultado da investigação efetuada ao longo das margens do rio Bestança, no concelho de Cinfães, consistindo este não só num contributo para a defesa, preservação, conhecimento e divulgação do notável património molinológico que as margens deste rio albergam, mas também, no estudo do seu estado atual e numa reflexão que questiona o futuro destas, outrora imprescindíveis, estruturas. No sentido de uma melhor fundamentação desta investigação, assim como do estudo e reflexão do tema, foi elaborado o inventário dos moinhos de água localizados nas margens do rio Bestança. Além do inventário, foi também recolhida, analisada e tratada, informação respeitante às suas características, ao seu estado de conservação, sistemas e materiais de construção utilizados. Para um melhor entendimento e contextualização dos temas (moinhos e património), apresentase, de forma sintética, no decurso deste trabalho, um resumo da evolução histórica e tecnológica dos moinhos, assim como uma descrição das várias tipologias existentes. Assim, e da mesma forma, se procede relativamente ao tema património, elaborando-se uma descrição da evolução que o conceito de património, da sua proteção, conservação e restauro, sofreu ao longo dos tempos, assim como de algumas teorias de intervenção a ele associadas. Este trabalho tem o intuito de não só alertar para o estado de degradação e abandono em que se encontra este importante património e de sensibilizar a população, e os poderes administrativos, da sua importância enquanto elemento cultural e identitário do vale do Bestança, como também de apresentar soluções que visem a sua recuperação e valorização, integrando-o de forma sustentável numa nova realidade. Para tal, apresenta-se no final deste trabalho uma proposta de recuperação e adaptação de um moinho a novas funções, que visem potenciar o desenvolvimento económico e social, do local onde este se insere. Apesar de esta investigação se limitar às margens do rio Bestança, foi possível apurar que este património se encontra disseminado por todo o vale, marginando os afluentes deste rio, com capacidade para mover "rodas", espera-se também, que este trabalho seja o mote inicial para a realização da inventariação, estudo, conservação e restauro de todo o extenso espólio patrimonial, molinológico ou não, do vale do rio Bestança.

An investigation into the suitability of time-of-flight mass spectrometry in forensic toxicology

Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry is one of the most powerful tools in the toxicologist’s arsenal to detect a wide variety of compounds from many different matrices. However, the huge number of potentially abused substances and new substances especially designed as intoxicants poses a problem in a forensic toxicology setting. Most methods are targeted and designed to cover a very specific drug or group of drugs while many other substances remain undetected. High resolution mass spectrometry, more specifically time-of-flight mass spectrometry, represents an extremely powerful tool in analysing a multitude of compounds not only simultaneously but also retroactively. The data obtained through the time-of-flight instrument contains all compounds made available from sample extraction and chromatography, which can be processed at a later time with an improved library to detect previously unrecognised compounds without having to analyse the respective sample again. The aim of this project was to determine the utility and limitations of time-of-flight mass spectrometry as a general and easily expandable screening method. The resolution of time-of-flight mass spectrometry allows for the separation of compounds with the same nominal mass but distinct exact masses without the need to separate them chromatographically. To simulate the wide variety of potentially encountered drugs in such a general screening method, seven drugs (morphine, cocaine, zolpidem, diazepam, amphetamine, MDEA and THC) were chosen to represent this variety in terms of mass, properties and functional groups. Consequently, several liquid-liquid and solid phase extractions were applied to urine samples to determine the most general suitable and unspecific extraction. Chromatography was optimised by investigating the parameters pH, concentration, organic solvent and gradient of the mobile phase to improve data obtained by the time-of-flight instrument. The resulting method was validated as a qualitative confirmation/identification method. Data processing was automated using the software TargetAnalysis, which provides excellent analyte recognition according to retention time, exact mass and isotope pattern. The recognition of isotope patterns allows excellent recognition of analytes even in interference rich mass spectra and proved to be a good positive indicator. Finally, the validated method was applied to samples received from the A& E Department of Glasgow Royal Infirmary in suspected drug abuse cases and samples received from the Scottish Prison Service, which we received from their own prevalence study targeting drugs of abuse in the prison population. The obtained data was processed with a library established in the course of this work.