Attempting to improve standardized test results using Study Islands' web-based mastery program

State standardized testing has always been a tool to measure a school’s performance and to help evaluate school curriculum. However, with the school of choice legislation in 1992, the MEAP test became a measuring stick to grade schools by and a major tool in attracting school of choice students. Now, declining enrollment and a state budget struggling to stay out of the red have made school of choice students more important than ever before. MEAP scores have become the deciding factor in some cases. For the past five years, the Hancock Middle School staff has been working hard to improve their students’ MEAP scores in accordance with President Bush's “No Child Left Behind” legislation. In 2005, the school was awarded a grant that enabled staff to work for two years on writing and working towards school goals that were based on the improvement of MEAP scores in writing and math. As part of this effort, the school purchased an internet-based program geared at giving students practice on state content standards. This study examined the results of efforts by Hancock Middle School to help improve student scores in mathematics on the MEAP test through the use of an online program called “Study Island.” In the past, the program was used to remediate students, and as a review with an incentive at the end of the year for students completing a certain number of objectives. It had also been used as a review before upcoming MEAP testing in the fall. All of these methods may have helped a few students perform at an increased level on their standardized test, but the question remained of whether a sustained use of the program in a classroom setting would increase an understanding of concepts and performance on the MEAP for the masses. This study addressed this question. Student MEAP scores and Study Island data from experimental and comparison groups of students were compared to understand how a sustained use of Study Island in the classroom would impact student test scores on the MEAP. In addition, these data were analyzed to determine whether Study Island results provide a good indicator of students’ MEAP performance. The results of the study suggest that there were limited benefits related to sustained use of Study Island and gave some indications about the effectiveness of the mathematics curriculum at Hancock Middle School. These results and implications for instruction are discussed.

Do victimization experiences accentuate reactions to ostracism? An experiment using cyberball

Based on the notion that the history of victimization has an impact on the sensitivity to current victimization situations this study investigated whether victims of bullying show more pronounced responses to single episodes of social exclusion. We examined whether victimization experiences in school are associated with responses to ostracism in a virtual ball tossing game (Cyberball). We compared two groups of students: 26 victims of bullying and 32 students not involved in bully/victim problems (mean age = 12.12). After playing Cyberball, the victimized students in the ostracism condition scored significantly lower on feelings of meaningful existence compared to the ostracized students not involved in bully/victim problems. These results strongly support the idea that previously victimized students are more affected by experiences of social exclusion than students who are not involved in bully/victim problems.

An investigation into the factors that encourage learner participation in a large group medical classroom

BACKGROUND: Effective lectures often incorporate activities that encourage learner participation. A challenge for educators is how to facilitate this in the large group lecture setting. This study investigates the individual student characteristics involved in encouraging (or dissuading) learners to interact, ask questions, and make comments in class. METHODS: Students enrolled in a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine program at Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, St Kitts, were invited to complete a questionnaire canvassing their participation in the large group classroom. Data from the questionnaire were analyzed using Excel (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) and the R software environment (http://www.r-project.org/). RESULTS: One hundred and ninety-two students completed the questionnaire (response rate, 85.7%). The results showed statistically significant differences between male and female students when asked to self-report their level of participation (P=0.011) and their confidence to participate (P<0.001) in class. No statistically significant difference was identified between different age groups of students (P=0.594). Student responses reflected that an "aversion to public speaking" acted as the main deterrent to participating during a lecture. Female participants were 3.56 times more likely to report a fear of public speaking than male participants (odds ratio 3.56, 95% confidence interval 1.28-12.33, P=0.01). Students also reported "smaller sizes of class and small group activities" and "other students participating" as factors that made it easier for them to participate during a lecture. CONCLUSION: In this study, sex likely played a role in learner participation in the large group veterinary classroom. Male students were more likely to participate in class and reported feeling more confident to participate than female students. Female students in this study commonly identified aversion to public speaking as a factor which held them back from participating in the large group lecture setting. These are important findings for veterinary and medical educators aiming to improve learner participation in the classroom. Potential ways of addressing this challenge include addition of small group activities and audience response systems during lectures, and inclusion of training interventions in public speaking at an early stage of veterinary and medical curricula.

Texas laboratory healthcare workforce: Meeting the needs in 2015

The purpose of this research was to study groups of students and young professionals in the clinical laboratory science field using exploratory discovery and inductive logic regarding the attitudes of four groups in Texas: (1) 3rd and 4th year college biology students, (2) students currently enrolled in Clinical Laboratory Science/Clinical Laboratory Technician (CLS/CLT) programs, (3) young CLS/CLT professionals (1-2 years post education), and (4) mid-career CLS/CLTs (4-10 years post education). It was also a comparative study looking at these four groups and their attitudes and perception regarding: career selection factors and legislative incentive measures which might attract individuals to an allied health care career, the field of practice and factors needed to keep individuals in the chosen field of practice. ^ The study found that the career is attractive to individuals who enjoy laboratory work and find the various areas in which to choose to work very attractive. Government programs offering grants/scholarships or loan forgiveness programs offered by health care institutions would be beneficial in attracting students to study in the clinical laboratory sciences. Students are unsure if there is a viable career ladder associated with the field and are anticipating the possibility of going on to other fields in the future. ^ While young and mid-career professionals share many of the same points of view on some aspects (skills used, trends) of the CLS/CLT profession there were a few areas were opinions diverged; perceptions of the field itself and if they plan to remain in the profession for the next 5 years. The mid-career professionals had a much more negative outlook on the profession (low salary, no visible career ladder, lack of respect from other health care professionals) and only a small number plan to be in the field within the next 5 years. ^ The lower salaries in the profession as compared to other similar health care careers, lack of a career ladder and lack of respect from laboratory and institutional management and other health care providers are critical missing pieces to the retention of CLS/CLT professionals. ^

Body mass index trajectories and predictors among 3rd to 12th graders using growth curve mixture modeling the Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) study

This dissertation examined body mass index (BMI) growth trajectories and the effects of gender, ethnicity, dietary intake, and physical activity (PA) on BMI growth trajectories among 3rd to 12th graders (9-18 years of age). Growth curve model analysis was performed using data from The Child and Adolescent Trial for Cardiovascular Health (CATCH) study. The study population included 2909 students who were followed up from grades 3-12. The main outcome was BMI at grades 3, 4, 5, 8, and 12. ^ The results revealed that BMI growth differed across two distinct developmental periods of childhood and adolescence. Rate of BMI growth was faster in middle childhood (9-11 years old or 3rd - 5th grades) than in adolescence (11-18 years old or 5th - 12th grades). Students with higher BMI at 3rd grade (baseline) had faster rates of BMI growth. Three groups of students with distinct BMI growth trajectories were identified: high, average, and low. ^ Black and Hispanic children were more likely to be in the groups with higher baseline BMI and faster rates of BMI growth over time. The effects of gender or ethnicity on BMI growth differed across the three groups. The effects of ethnicity on BMI growth were weakened as the children aged. The effects of gender on BMI growth were attenuated in the groups with a large proportion of black and Hispanic children, i.e., “high” or “average” BMI trajectory group. After controlling for gender, ethnicity, and age at baseline, in the “high BMI trajectory”, rate of yearly BMI growth in middle childhood increased 0.102 for every 500 Kcals increase (p=0.049). No significant effects of percentage of energy from total fat and saturated fat on BMI growth were found. Baseline BMI increased 0.041 for every 30 minutes increased in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in the “low BMI trajectory”, while Baseline BMI decreased 0.345 for every 30 minutes increased in vigorous PA (VPA) in the “high BMI trajectory”. ^ Childhood overweight and obesity interventions should start at the earliest possible ages, prior to 3rd grade and continue through grade school. Interventions should focus on all children, but specifically black and Hispanic children, who are more likely to be highest at-risk. Promoting VPA earlier in childhood is important for preventing overweight and obesity among children and adolescents. Interventions should target total energy intake, rather than only percentage of energy from total fat or saturated fat. ^

Educating in Project Management: an innovative approach. A shared-experience among Spanish Universities

This work presents an educational formal initiative aimed to monitor the acquisition and strengthening of competences by students that are being taught in project management subject. Groups of students belonging to three universities, embracing different knowledge areas such as engineering, biology, etc., were selected to run the experience. All of them had nevertheless a common and basic starting point: inexperience in project management field. In this scenario, we propose a new theoretical and practical approach oriented to reinforce problem-solving and related competences in a project management subject context. For this purpose, a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) initiative has been specifically designed and developed. The main idea is to bring a real world engineering project management case into the classroom, where students must face up to a completely new learning approach –groups in different locations, collaborative mode and unspecific solution, supported by a powerful internet platform:.project.net (http://www.Project.net). Other relevant aspects such as project climate, knowledge increasing, have also been monitored during the course. Results show and overall improvement in key competences. The obtained information will be used in two ways: to feed the students back about personal opportunities for improvement in specific competences, and to fine-tune the experience for further initiatives.

CAS: A tool for improving autonomous work

The EHEA proposes a student-centered teaching model. Therefore, it seems necessary to actively involve the students in the teaching-learning process. Increasing the active participation of the students is not always easy in mathematical topics, since, when the students just enter the University, their ability to carry out autonomous mathematical work is scarce. In this paper we present some experiences related with the use of Computer Algebra Systems (CAS). All the experiences are designed in order to develop some mathematical competencies and mainly self-learning, the use of technology and team-work. The experiences include some teachers? proposals including: small projects to be executed in small groups, participation in competitions, the design of different CAS-Toolboxes, etc. The results obtained in the experiences, carried out with different groups of students from different engineering studies at different universities, makes us slightly optimistic about the educational value of the model.

Aprendizaje colaborativo en enseñanza a distancia: entorno genérico para configurar, realizar y analizar actividades en grupo

En esta tesis se ha profundizado en el estudio y desarrollo de modelos de soporte para el aprendizaje colaborativo a distancia, que ha permitido proponer una arquitectura fundamentada en los principios del paradigma CSCL (Computer Supported Collaborative Learning). La arquitectura propuesta aborda un tipo de problema concreto que requiere el uso de técnicas derivadas del Trabajo Colaborativo, la Inteligencia Artificial, Interfaces de Usuario así como ideas tomadas de la Pedagogía y la Psicología. Se ha diseñado una solución completa, abierta y genérica. La arquitectura aprovecha las nuevas tecnologías para lograr un sistema efectivo de apoyo a la educación a distancia. Está organizada en cuatro niveles: el de Configuración, el de Experiencia, el de Organización y el de Análisis. A partir de ella se ha implementado un sistema llamado DEGREE. En DEGREE, cada uno de los niveles de la arquitectura da lugar a un subsistema independiente pero relacionado con los otros. La aplicación saca partido del uso de espacios de trabajo estructurados. El subsistema Configurador de Experiencias permite definir los elementos de un espacio de trabajo y una experiencia y adaptarlos a cada tipo de usuario. El subsistema Manejador de Experiencias recoge las contribuciones de los usuarios para construir una solución conjunta de un problema. Las intervenciones de los alumnos se estructuran basándose en un grafo conversacional genérico. Además, se registran todas las acciones de los usuarios para representar explícitamente el proceso completo que lleva a la solución. Estos datos también se almacenan en una memoria común que constituye el subsistema llamado Memoria Organizativa de Experiencias. El subsistema Analizador estudia las intervenciones de los usuarios. Este análisis permite inferir conclusiones sobre la forma en que trabajan los grupos y sus actitudes frente a la colaboración, teniendo en cuenta además el conocimiento subjetivo del observador. El proceso de desarrollo en paralelo de la arquitectura y el sistema ha seguido un ciclo de refinamiento en cinco fases con sucesivas etapas de prototipado y evaluación formativa. Cada fase de este proceso se ha realizado con usuarios reales y se han considerado las opiniones de los usuarios para mejorar las funcionalidades de la arquitectura así como la interfaz del sistema. Esta aproximación ha permitido, además, comprobar la utilidad práctica y la validez de las propuestas que sustentan este trabajo.---ABSTRACT---In this thesis, we have studied in depth the development of support models for distance collaborative learning and subsequently devised an architecture based on the Computer Supported Collaborative Learning paradigm principles. The proposed architecture addresses a specific problem: coordinating groups of students to perform collaborative distance learning activities. Our approach uses Cooperative Work, Artificial Intelligence and Human-Computer Interaction techniques as well as some ideas from the fields of Pedagogy and Psychology. We have designed a complete, open and generic solution. Our architecture exploits the new information technologies to achieve an effective system for education purposes. It is organised into four levels: Configuration, Experience, Organisation and Reflection. This model has been implemented into a system called DEGREE. In DEGREE, each level of the architecture gives rise to an independent subsystem related to the other ones. The application benefits from the use of shared structured workspaces. The configuration subsystem allows customising the elements that define an experience and a workspace. The experience subsystem gathers the users' contributions to build joint solutions to a given problem. The students' interventions build up a structure based on a generic conversation graph. Moreover, all user actions are registered in order to represent explicitly the complete process for reaching the group solution. Those data are also stored into a common memory, which constitutes the organisation subsystem. The user interventions are studied by the reflection subsystem. This analysis allows us inferring conclusions about the way in which the group works and its attitudes towards collaboration. The inference process takes into account the observer's subjective knowledge. The process of developing both the architecture and the system in parallel has run through a five-pass cycle involving successive stages of prototyping and formative evaluation. At each stage of that process, we have considered the users' feedback for improving the architecture's functionalities as well as the system interface. This approach has allowed us to prove the usability and validity of our proposal.

Random exams using Sweave

The adaptation of the Spanish University to the European Higher Education Area (EEES in Spanish) demands the integration of new tools and skills that would make the teaching- learning process easier. This adaptation involves a change in the evaluation methods, which goes from a system where the student was evaluated with a final exam, to a new system where we include a continuous evaluation in which the final exam may represent at most 50% in the vast majority of the Universities. Devising a new and fair continuous evaluation system is not an easy task to do. That would mean a student’s’ learning process follow-up by the teachers, and as a consequence an additional workload on existing staff resources. Traditionally, the continuous evaluation is associated with the daily work of the student and a collection of the different marks partly or entirely based on the work they do during the academic year. Now, small groups of students and an attendance control are important aspects to take into account in order to get an adequate assessment of the students. However, most of the university degrees have groups with more than 70 students, and the attendance control is a complicated task to perform, mostly because it consumes significant amounts of staff time. Another problem found is that the attendance control would encourage not-interested students to be present at class, which might cause some troubles to their classmates. After a two year experience in the development of a continuous assessment in Statistics subjects in Social Science degrees, we think that individual and periodical tasks are the best way to assess results. These tasks or examinations must be done in classroom during regular lessons, so we need an efficient system to put together different and personal questions in order to prevent students from cheating. In this paper we provide an efficient and effective way to elaborate random examination papers by using Sweave, a tool that generates data, graphics and statistical calculus from the software R and shows results in PDF documents created by Latex. In this way, we will be able to design an exam template which could be compiled in order to generate as many PDF documents as it is required, and at the same time, solutions are provided to easily correct them.

Alumnado con necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria y el consumo de las TIC en la Región de Murcia

Este artículo tiene como objetivo abordar la dimensión formativa y comunicativa entre las Tecnologías dela Información y la Comunicación (TIC) y el alumnado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria para establecer un mayor conocimiento sobre qué y cómo estos jóvenes las usan, acceden a sus formatos e interaccionan con sus contenidos. Así se presentan los resultados de una investigación, realizada en 15 centros educativos de titularidad pública y concertada dela Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia (España), en la que se ha pretendido conocer el equipamiento, uso y consumo de medios digitales (Internet, redes sociales, teléfono móvil, consola de videojuegos y televisión) del alumnado con necesidad específica de apoyo educativo, según la LOE (2006), escolarizado en 3º y 4º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) y la existencia de diferencias respecto del alumnado sin dichas necesidades educativas. Para ello, 2734 alumnos, de los que 487 tenían necesidad específica de apoyo educativo, participaron a través de un cuestionario de 73 ítems con cuatro opciones de respuesta. Los datos fueron analizados con el paquete estadístico SPSS for Windows 15.0, utilizando estadísticos descriptivos. De los resultados conseguidos en esta investigación destacamos que en todas las dimensiones analizadas no existen grandes diferencias entre los dos grupos de alumnos que hemos establecido, pues se aprecia que determinados medios digitales usuales, como Internet, teléfono móvil, consola de videojuegos y televisión, son utilizados por todo el alumnado participante. No obstante, existen matices importantes que marcan diferencias entre ellos.

Explorando el flujo que experimentan los estudiantes para maestro de primaria al enfrentarse a tareas en grupo

Cuando un estudiante experimenta flujo, esto es, está plenamente concentrado en la resolución de una tarea y disfruta con ello, aumenta el rendimiento alcanzado y el deseo por continuar realizando tareas similares. Investigaciones realizadas con estudiantes con talento afirman que para experimentar flujo es necesario proponer desafíos acordes a las habilidades del estudiante, establecer metas claras y proporcionar retroalimentación inmediata. Esta investigación pretende contrastar si esta afirmación es válida en el caso de estudiantes de maestro de primaria con habilidades medias, al trabajar en grupo para resolver tareas matemáticas. Para ello, se comparó el comportamiento de dos grupos de estudiantes al resolver dos tareas matemáticas. Los resultados confirman la importancia de establecer metas claras, proporcionar retroalimentación inmediata, de que el estudiante confíe en su capacidad para superar las dificultades y se sienta útil.

Évaluation des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles d’apprentis-lecteurs présentant une dysphasie

La dysphasie consiste en une atteinte sévère et persistante de l’acquisition et du développement du langage oral. Les élèves qui en sont atteints peinent à devenir des lecteurs habiles et sont à haut risque d’échec scolaire. Si ce trouble très complexe est étudié dans différents domaines (la santé et l’éducation, entre autres), peu d’études se sont spécifiquement intéressées à vérifier si les élèves dysphasiques possèdent des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles. Or, depuis un certain nombre d’années, de nombreux chercheurs soutiennent que ces connaissances, qui concernent la forme des mots et leurs règles de formation, peuvent constituer une stratégie supplémentaire aidante pour les élèves aux prises avec un déficit phonologique, comme les élèves dysphasiques. C’est dans ce cadre que se situe la présente étude, dont l’objectif général est d’évaluer les connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles d’apprentis-lecteurs dysphasiques francophones du primaire. Pour y parvenir, trois tâches morphologiques, soit une tâche de jugement de relation, une tâche de dérivation et une tâche de plausibilité, ont été soumises à trois groupes de participants dont un groupe d’élèves dysphasiques (D=30) et deux groupes contrôles, c’est-à-dire des élèves du même âge chronologique (CA, n=30) et des élèves plus jeunes, mais du même niveau de lecture (CL, n=30). Nos résultats montrent que l’ensemble des trois groupes de participants a tiré profit des unités morphologiques contenues dans les items pour réussir les tâches proposées, les dysphasiques obtenant des résultats inférieurs aux CA mais comparables aux CL. Toutefois, ces résultats ne s’apparentent pas tout à fait au continuum de développement des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles établi par Tyler et Nagy (1989). De plus, aucun effet du type d’affixation (items préfixés vs suffixés) n’a été observé. Les résultats obtenus nous permettent de proposer des pistes d’interventions orthodidactiques visant l’enseignement de la morphologie dérivationnelle auprès des élèves aux prises avec des difficultés de lecture, à l’instar des participants dysphasiques qui ont participé à cette étude.

Évaluation des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles d’apprentis-lecteurs présentant une dysphasie

La dysphasie consiste en une atteinte sévère et persistante de l’acquisition et du développement du langage oral. Les élèves qui en sont atteints peinent à devenir des lecteurs habiles et sont à haut risque d’échec scolaire. Si ce trouble très complexe est étudié dans différents domaines (la santé et l’éducation, entre autres), peu d’études se sont spécifiquement intéressées à vérifier si les élèves dysphasiques possèdent des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles. Or, depuis un certain nombre d’années, de nombreux chercheurs soutiennent que ces connaissances, qui concernent la forme des mots et leurs règles de formation, peuvent constituer une stratégie supplémentaire aidante pour les élèves aux prises avec un déficit phonologique, comme les élèves dysphasiques. C’est dans ce cadre que se situe la présente étude, dont l’objectif général est d’évaluer les connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles d’apprentis-lecteurs dysphasiques francophones du primaire. Pour y parvenir, trois tâches morphologiques, soit une tâche de jugement de relation, une tâche de dérivation et une tâche de plausibilité, ont été soumises à trois groupes de participants dont un groupe d’élèves dysphasiques (D=30) et deux groupes contrôles, c’est-à-dire des élèves du même âge chronologique (CA, n=30) et des élèves plus jeunes, mais du même niveau de lecture (CL, n=30). Nos résultats montrent que l’ensemble des trois groupes de participants a tiré profit des unités morphologiques contenues dans les items pour réussir les tâches proposées, les dysphasiques obtenant des résultats inférieurs aux CA mais comparables aux CL. Toutefois, ces résultats ne s’apparentent pas tout à fait au continuum de développement des connaissances morphologiques dérivationnelles établi par Tyler et Nagy (1989). De plus, aucun effet du type d’affixation (items préfixés vs suffixés) n’a été observé. Les résultats obtenus nous permettent de proposer des pistes d’interventions orthodidactiques visant l’enseignement de la morphologie dérivationnelle auprès des élèves aux prises avec des difficultés de lecture, à l’instar des participants dysphasiques qui ont participé à cette étude.

The engineering link project: Learning about engineering by becoming an engineer

There has been a greater emphasis over the past few years of encouraging high school students to take up engineering as a career. This is due to a greater need for engineers in society, particularly in areas that are suffering a skills shortage. Both the engineering profession and universities across Australia have moved to address this shortage, with a proliferation of engineering outreach activities and programs the result. The Engineering Link Group (TELG) began the Engineering Link Project (ELP) over a decade ago with a focus on helping motivated high school students make an informed choice about engineering as a career. It also aimed at encouraging more high school students to study maths and science at high school. From the start the ELP was designed so that the students became engineers, rather than just hear from or watch engineers. Real working engineers pose problems to groups of students for them solve over the course of a day. In this way, students experience what it is like to be an engineer. It has been found that the project does help high school students make more informed career choices about engineering. The project also gave the students real life and practical reasons for studying sciences and mathematics at high school. © 2005, Australasian Association for Engineering Education

REDES DE EXTENSÃO UNIVERSITÁRIA: UM ESTUDO DA DIFUSÃO DO CONHECIMENTO NO CAMPO DA ADMINISTRAÇÃO

Esta pesquisa propõe a extensão como espaço de formação profissional por meio de práticas de atividades extensionistas. É competência das Universidades a formação de profissionais que estejam capacitados para a atual conjuntura do mercado. A questão é: estariam as Universidade preparadas para tal formação? As Instituições de Ensino Superior desenvolvem, em seu âmbito educacional, o conhecimento, e têm como responsabilidade social, a devolução do conhecimento à sociedade. Tais instituições têm um grande desafio, a redefinição de seu papel diante das transformações mundiais, como o conhecimento é difundido, e, como torná-lo comprometido com a sociedade. A indissociabilidade entre o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão é um tripé que pode ser um caminho para o cumprimento da missão das IES no âmbito do compromisso social. Nesse contexto, a extensão universitária é um lugar privilegiado para o diálogo com a sociedade, como forma das IES desenvolverem seu papel social. A questão central a que este trabalho remete é como o conhecimento é difundido nas Redes de Extensão Universitárias. Assim, a presente pesquisa caracteriza-se como qualitativa, explicativa e descritiva. Compara as estruturas das relações de três redes, formadas por grupos de alunos do quarto semestre do curso de Administração de uma faculdade do Interior do Estado de São Paulo, inseridos numa prática de atividade extensionista desenvolvida no decorrer do segundo semestre de 2010. É possível, por meio da análise das redes, estudar o posicionamento estrutural e a intensidade do relacionamento entre os atores, e verificar como ocorre o condicionamento da difusão do conhecimento. Pode-se perceber que relações densas e coesas nas redes estudadas têm maiores possibilidades de promover a difusão de conhecimentos entre os atores. As conclusões da pesquisa revelam que a inserção de alunos em práticas extensionistas pode promover o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades exigidas de um profissional de Administração, e que, também, podem agregar valor à formação desse profissional, no que diz respeito às experiências de uma práxis cidadã. Palavras-chave: redes, responsabilidade social, administração, extensão universitária, formação discente.