Integrated landmark and outline-based morphometric methods efficiently distinguish species of Euglossa (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Euglossini)

Morphometric methods permit identification of insect species and are an aid for taxonomy. Quantitative wing traits were used to identify male euglossine bees. Landmark- and outline-based methods have been primarily used independently. Here, we combine the two methods using five Euglossa. Landmark-based methods correctly classified 84% and outline-based 77%, but an integrated analysis correctly classified 91% of samples. Some species presented significantly high reclassification percentages when only wing cell contour was considered, and correct identification of specimens with damaged wings was also obtained using this methodology.

Does the casting mode influence microstructure, fracture and properties of different metal ceramic alloys?

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the tensile strength, elongation, microhardness, microstructure and fracture pattern of various metal ceramic alloys cast under different casting conditions. Two Ni-Cr alloys, Co-Cr and Pd-Ag were used. The casting conditions were as follows: electromagnetic induction under argon atmosphere, vacuum, using blowtorch without atmosphere control. For each condition, 16 specimens, each measuring 25 mm long and 2.5 mm in diameter, were obtained. Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and elongation (EL) tests were performed using a Kratos machine. Vickers Microhardness (VM), fracture mode and microstructure were analyzed by SEM. UTS, EL and VM data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA. For UTS, alloy composition had a direct influence on casting condition of alloys (Wiron 99 and Remanium CD), with higher values shown when cast with Flame/Air (p < 0.05). The factors "alloy" and "casting condition" influenced the EL and VM results, generally presenting opposite results, i.e., alloy with high elongation value had lower hardness (Wiron 99), and casting condition with the lowest EL values had the highest VM values (blowtorch). Both factors had significant influence on the properties evaluated, and prosthetic laboratories should select the appropriate casting method for each alloy composition to obtain the desired property.

Witzkeite: A new rare nitrate-sulphate mineral from a guano deposit at Punta de Lobos, Chile

Witzkeite, ideally Na4K4Ca(NO3)(2)(SO4)(4)center dot 2H(2)O, is a new mineral found in the oxidation zone of the guano mining field at Punta de Lobos, Tarapaca region, Chile. It occurs as colorless, tabular crystals up to 140 mu m in length, associated with dittmanite and nitratine. Witzkeite is colorless and transparent, with a white streak and a vitreous luster. It is brittle, with Molts hardness 2 and distinct cleavage on {001}. Measured density is 2.40(2) g/cm(3), calculated density is 2.403 g/cm(3). Witzkeite is biaxial (-) with refractive indexes alpha = 1.470(5), beta = 1.495(5), gamma = 1.510(5), measured 2V = 50-70 degrees. The empirical composition is (electron microprobe, mean of five analyses, H2O, CO2, and N2O5 by gas chromatography; wt%): Na2O 12.83, K2O 22.64, CaO 7.57, FeO 0.44, SO3 39.96, N2O5 12.7, H2O 4.5, total 100.64; CO2 was not detected. The chemical formula, calculated based on 24 O, is: Na3.40K3.95Ca1.11Fe0.05(NO3)(1.93)(SO4)(4.10)(H4.10O1.81). Witzkeite is monoclinic, space group C2/c, with unit-cell parameters: a = 24.902(2), b = 5.3323(4), c = 17.246(1) angstrom, beta = 94.281(7)degrees, V = 2283.6(3) angstrom(3) (Z = 4). The crystal structure was solved using single-crystal X-ray diffraction data and refined to R-1(F) = 0.043. Witzkeite belongs to a new structure type and is noteworthy for the very rare simultaneous presence of sulfate and nitrate groups. The eight strongest X-ray powder-diffraction lines [d in angstrom (I in %) (h k l)] are: 12.38 (100) (2 0 0), 4.13 (19) (6 0 0), 3.10 (24) (8 0 0), 2.99 (7) ((8) over bar 02), 2.85 (6) (8 02), 2.69 (9) ((7) over bar 1 3), 2.48 (12) (10 0 0), and 2.07 (54) (12 0 0). The IR spectrum of witzkeite was collected in the range 390-4000 cm(-1). The spectrum shows the typical bands of SO42- ions (1192, 1154, 1116, 1101, 1084, 993, 634, and 617 cm(-1)) and of NO3- ions (1385, 1354, 830, 716, and 2775 cm(-1)). Moreover, a complex pattern of bands related to H2O is visible (bands at 3565, 3419, 3260, 2405, 2110, 1638, and 499 cm(-1)). The IR spectrum is discussed in detail.

Diet and the risk of head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium

We investigated the association between diet and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk using data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. The INHANCE pooled data included 22 case-control studies with 14,520 cases and 22,737 controls. Center-specific quartiles among the controls were used for food groups, and frequencies per week were used for single food items. A dietary pattern score combining high fruit and vegetable intake and low red meat intake was created. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the dietary items on the risk of HNC were estimated with a two-stage random-effects logistic regression model. An inverse association was observed for higher-frequency intake of fruit (4th vs. 1st quartile OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.43-0.62, p (trend) < 0.01) and vegetables (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.49-0.90, p (trend) = 0.01). Intake of red meat (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.13-1.74, p (trend) = 0.13) and processed meat (OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.14-1.65, p (trend) < 0.01) was positively associated with HNC risk. Higher dietary pattern scores, reflecting high fruit/vegetable and low red meat intake, were associated with reduced HNC risk (per score increment OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.84-0.97).

Percepção e compreensão de profissionais e graduandos de saúde sobre o idoso e o envelhecimento humano

Estudo qualitativo desenvolvido com 117 profissionais e graduandos na área da saúde, que participaram da capacitação em comunicação não verbal em gerontologia, com objetivo de identificar a percepção e compreensão de graduandos e graduados da área da saúde, sobre o que é o idoso e o envelhecimento humano. Os resultados sobre o entendimento sobre envelhecimento humano permitiu a construção das categorias: evolução da vida que traz experiências; natural, misteriosa e com experiências acumuladas; perda da alegria e ganho do isolamento; época de valorização do carinho e respeito; etapa inevitável com desgaste, preconceito, limitações e exige atenção; consequência da vida e presença de doenças e processo fisiológico global. Quanto à percepção do idoso, as respostas foram classificadas em positivas, negativas, mistas e neutras. Consideramos que a compreensão do idoso e do envelhecimento foi limitada e pessimista, sendo necessário que tenhamos a consciência de que a visão que se possui interfere na maneira pela qual nos relacionamos.

Corpo e palavra: grupo terapêutico para pessoas com transtornos alimentares

Transtornos alimentares constituem relações problemáticas com a alimentação e a imagem de si. Seu tratamento deve contemplar múltiplas estratégias, inclusive a abordagem grupal. Este estudo teve como objetivos desenvolver reflexões sobre a grupoterapia com pessoas com transtornos alimentares atendidas em serviço especializado e investigar a dinâmica psicológica dos pacientes atendidos, a partir de ressonâncias contratransferenciais. Foram analisados registros de observação anotados em diário de campo ao longo de 21 encontros grupais consecutivos. O material foi submetido à análise de conteúdo na modalidade temática. Os resultados foram estruturados em três eixos temáticos: vivências impactantes mobilizadas no contato com os pacientes; demanda de ajuda dos pacientes para encontrarem as palavras perdidas, como via de acesso à representabilidade dos afetos elididos do espaço mental pela operação de desafetação; sentimentos contratransferenciais vivenciados pelo pesquisador. Foram discutidas as implicações para o tratamento, visando à busca de estratégias capazes de proporcionar um ambiente terapêutico que facilite a integração psicossomática.

Breeze-forced oscillations and strongly nonlinear tide-generated internal solitons

Programa de doctorado en Oceanografía

De las pizarras digitales interactivas a las tabletas digitales: adoptando nuevas tecnologías en un entorno universitario

[ES] El Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES) va ligado a un nuevo marco centrado en el estudiante y en su aprendizaje. Los avances en las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación ofrecen nuevas oportunidades formativas. La universidad tiene que adaptarse y utilizar estos recursos de la manera más productiva. En este trabajo nos planteamos adoptar e integrar nuevos elementos tecnológicos que reconviertan las actuales pizarras digitales interactivas (PDI) en un elemento transformador de las metodologías docentes utilizadas en las aulas universitarias, y dejen de ser un sistema de presentación de contenidos multimedia para convertirse en una herramienta dinamizadora y de trabajo colaborativo.

Elaboración de Material Didáctico en Lengua de Signos para la Docencia Universitaria. Una propuesta metodológica.

[ES] Las personas que padecen discapacidad auditiva encuentran dificultades para el acceso a la información y la comunicación en los lugares públicos. De acuerdo con esta realidad se plantea la posibilidad de disponer de una herramienta alternativa de comunicación basado en la lengua de signos española (LSE), que contribuya a superar la barrera que encuentran los estudiantes que presentan esta discapacidad. En la LEY 27/2007, se reconocen las lenguas de signos españolas y se regulan los medios de apoyo a la comunicación oral de las personas sordas, con discapacidad auditiva y sordociegas, determina los derechos de las personas a decidir libremente el medio de comunicación, a no ser discriminadas por ello, y establece distintos ámbitos de aplicación. En base a esta ley, se plantea el diseño de un sistema de comunicación basado en LSE que favorezca la integración e independencia de este colectivo en las aulas, contribuyendo así a la Accesibilidad Universal contemplada en la Convención Internacional sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad.

Identification of Drosophila heart-specific Cis-Regulatory Modules under Hox control

Cardiac morphogenesis is a complex process governed by evolutionarily conserved transcription factors and signaling molecules. The Drosophila cardiac tube is linear, made of 52 pairs of cardiomyocytes (CMs), which express specific transcription factor genes that have human homologues implicated in Congenital Heart Diseases (CHDs) (NKX2-5, GATA4 and TBX5). The Drosophila cardiac tube is linear and composed of a rostral portion named aorta and a caudal one called heart, distinguished by morphological and functional differences controlled by Hox genes, key regulators of axial patterning. Overexpression and inactivation of the Hox gene abdominal-A (abd-A), which is expressed exclusively in the heart, revealed that abd-A controls heart identity. The aim of our work is to isolate the heart-specific cisregulatory sequences of abd-A direct target genes, the realizator genes granting heart identity. In each segment of the heart, four pairs of cardiomyocytes (CMs) express tinman (tin), homologous to NKX2-5, and acquire strong contractile and automatic rhythmic activities. By tyramide amplified FISH, we found that seven genes, encoding ion channels, pumps or transporters, are specifically expressed in the Tin-CMs of the heart. We initially used online available tools to identify their heart-specific cisregutatory modules by looking for Conserved Non-coding Sequences containing clusters of binding sites for various cardiac transcription factors, including Hox proteins. Based on these data we generated several reporter gene constructs and transgenic embryos, but none of them showed reporter gene expression in the heart. In order to identify additional abd-A target genes, we performed microarray experiments comparing the transcriptomes of aorta versus heart and identified 144 genes overexpressed in the heart. In order to find the heart-specific cis-regulatory regions of these target genes we developed a new bioinformatic approach where prediction is based on pattern matching and ordered statistics. We first retrieved Conserved Noncoding Sequences from the alignment between the D.melanogaster and D.pseudobscura genomes. We scored for combinations of conserved occurrences of ABD-A, ABD-B, TIN, PNR, dMEF2, MADS box, T-box and E-box sites and we ranked these results based on two independent strategies. On one hand we ranked the putative cis-regulatory sequences according to best scored ABD-A biding sites, on the other hand we scored according to conservation of binding sites. We integrated and ranked again the two lists obtained independently to produce a final rank. We generated nGFP reporter construct flies for in vivo validation. We identified three 1kblong heart-specific enhancers. By in vivo and in vitro experiments we are determining whether they are direct abd-A targets, demonstrating the role of a Hox gene in the realization of heart identity. The identified abd-A direct target genes may be targets also of the NKX2-5, GATA4 and/or TBX5 homologues tin, pannier and Doc genes, respectively. The identification of sequences coregulated by a Hox protein and the homologues of transcription factors causing CHDs, will provide a mean to test whether these factors function as Hox cofactors granting cardiac specificity to Hox proteins, increasing our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying CHDs. Finally, it may be investigated whether these Hox targets are involved in CHDs.

Information Filtering for Ultrasound-based Real-time Registration

This paper presents methods based on Information Filters for solving matching problems with emphasis on real-time, or effectively real-time applications. Both applications discussed in this work deal with ultrasound-based rigid registration in computer-assisted orthopedic surgery. In the first application, the usual workflow of rigid registration is reformulated such that registration algorithms would iterate while the surgeon is acquiring ultrasound images of the anatomy to be operated. Using this effectively real-time approach to registration, the surgeon would then receive feedback in order to better gauge the quality of the final registration outcome. The second application considered in this paper circumvents the need to attach physical markers to bones for anatomical referencing. Experiments using anatomical objects immersed in water are performed in order to evaluate and compare the different methods presented herein, using both 2D as well as real-time 3D ultrasound.