PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO, PRODUÇÃO ACADÊMICA, INTERDISCIPLINARIDADE E SOCIALIZAÇÃO DO CONHECIMENTO: A PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA DO GRANDE ABC À LUZ DO PNPG 2011-2020

O objetivo desta investigação foi verificar se, diante da autonomia e vocação que possuem, bem como da possibilidade de receber amparo e incentivos governamentais, as universidades pertencentes à região do Grande ABC atenderam as recomendações feitas pelo PNPG vigente. Para tanto, foram analisadas cinquenta e sete dissertações e duas teses da área de ciências sociais aplicadas, publicadas no período entre 2011 e 2014, pelas seguintes instituições: Universidade Metodista de São Paulo (UMESP); Universidade Municipal de São Caetano do Sul (USCS); Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) e Faculdade de Engenharia Industrial (FEI). Essa averiguação se deu ao redor de dois eixos organizadores do PNPG 2011-2014: o terceiro eixo – o aperfeiçoamento da avaliação e sua expansão para outros segmentos do sistema de CT&I (formação de pós-graduados voltados para atividades extra-acadêmicas/setor empresarial) e o quarto eixo – a multi e a interdisciplinaridade entre as principais características da pós-graduação e importantes temas da pesquisa (promover, por meio de programas, áreas de concentração e linhas de pesquisa, a convergência de temas e compartilhamento de problemas em oposição à sua mera associação ou sobreposição). Este estudo – qualitativo, bibliográfico, documental, exploratório, descritivo, tipo estado do conhecimento – se desenvolveu por meio de pesquisa documental e de análise de conteúdo temático categorial. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio dos repositórios digitais de teses e dissertações mantidos na internet pelas Universidades, cuja produção científica foi investigada. Após a análise dos dados ficou demonstrado que aproximadamente 68,96% da produção científica da área de ciências sociais aplicadas, publicada pelas universidades do Grande ABC, no período entre 2011 e 2014, corresponde às expectativas do PNPG atual no que diz respeito às recomendações constantes no terceiro eixo. Em relação às recomendações feitas no texto do quarto eixo, vemos que aproximadamente 31,03% dos trabalhos selecionados atendem às expectativas do Plano, apresentando em sua estrutura, segundo a fundamentação teórica utilizada neste trabalho, características de interdisciplinaridade.

Crisis and Welfare Society in Spain

Some arguments are briefly presented about the negative consequences of the deep global economic and financial crisis of 2008 on the economic activity and the social situation in Spain. Reformulation, sustainability and financial viability of social welfare in Spain require a new management through resource efficiency, increasing market presence and initiative of stakeholders as a whole. In this sense, the main credible argument of the welfare social in Spain depends on a new perspective on socialization and generosity of social protection system. Specifically, the solution to the crisis must come through economic growth, increased productivity, employment and competitiveness and not by the way of increasing levels of social protection.

An evaluation of an online peer support forum for university students with depressive symptoms

Background: Depression is the most common mental health problem among young people, particularly university students, with prevalence rates as high as 48% reported. This population however, is reluctant to seek professional help. Online interventions may be particularly appealing to students, with evidence suggesting that they use the Internet for mental health support. While there are many mental health resources on the Internet few focus specifically on the needs of young people and few have been evaluated. This research aimed to develop and pilot test an online peer support intervention for students experiencing depressive symptoms. Methods: A depression support Web site (www.losetheblues.ie) was designed specifically for 18-24. year old students. The study used a mixed method, involving quantitative descriptive, pre- and post-test and qualitative descriptive designs. Data were collected using the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), a background questionnaire and online forum posts. Results: The sample consisted of 117 university students with self-reported depressive symptoms. Results from participants in the pre- and post-test element of the study, showed no statistical significance. The forum posts revealed that the participants' main difficulties were loneliness and perceived lack of socialization skills. The Web site provided a place for sharing, offering and receiving emotional and informational support. Conclusion: Developing health care interventions in an online environment presents unique challenges to the research process, however they have the potential to provide mental health care that is accessible and affordable.

The ecocultural context and child behavior problems: A qualitative analysis in rural Nepal.

Commonly used paradigms for studying child psychopathology emphasize individual-level factors and often neglect the role of context in shaping risk and protective factors among children, families, and communities. To address this gap, we evaluated influences of ecocultural contextual factors on definitions, development of, and responses to child behavior problems and examined how contextual knowledge can inform culturally responsive interventions. We drew on Super and Harkness' "developmental niche" framework to evaluate the influences of physical and social settings, childcare customs and practices, and parental ethnotheories on the definitions, development of, and responses to child behavior problems in a community in rural Nepal. Data were collected between February and October 2014 through in-depth interviews with a purposive sampling strategy targeting parents (N = 10), teachers (N = 6), and community leaders (N = 8) familiar with child-rearing. Results were supplemented by focus group discussions with children (N = 9) and teachers (N = 8), pile-sort interviews with mothers (N = 8) of school-aged children, and direct observations in homes, schools, and community spaces. Behavior problems were largely defined in light of parents' socialization goals and role expectations for children. Certain physical settings and times were seen to carry greater risk for problematic behavior when children were unsupervised. Parents and other adults attempted to mitigate behavior problems by supervising them and their social interactions, providing for their physical needs, educating them, and through a shared verbal reminding strategy (samjhaune). The findings of our study illustrate the transactional nature of behavior problem development that involves context-specific goals, roles, and concerns that are likely to affect adults' interpretations and responses to children's behavior. Ultimately, employing a developmental niche framework will elucidate setting-specific risk and protective factors for culturally compelling intervention strategies.

Explicación histórica, socialismo y democracia : La trayectoria de Juan Carlos Portantiero

Uno de los objetivos de este artículo es reconstruir la trayectoria intelectual de Juan Carlos Portantiero en torno a un conjunto limitado de sus intereses: el socialismo y la democracia, en su relación, no por separado, a la vez que ello se vincula con la articulación de una estrategia de explicación histórica y sociológica. La otra veta del artículo analiza las relaciones entre culturas políticas y ciencia social, en particular la cultura de izquierdas y el desarrollo de las ciencias sociales en América Latina. Ello se ha realizado sobre la base de una lectura de casi toda su producción intelectual, tratando de rastrear y mostrar algunas continuidades y cambios o desplazamientos en sus ideas y preocupaciones. Se muestra que Portantiero elabora una estrategia de explicación social sobre la base de Marx, Lenin, Gramsci, Mao hasta fines de los setenta, preocupado por la socialización del poder y, entonces, de la economía. Las dos últimas décadas se concentra en la construcción de las condiciones de consolidación de la democracia, pensada como un régimen que incluya reconocimiento de minorías y funcione para reducir los monopolios económicos y políticos.

Massive inclusion of digital technologies in schools : Argentinian young adolescents? appropriation of computers and the Internet in popular and middle classes

Since the implementation of the Programa Conectar Igualdad (PCI) (Connecting Equality Program) in 2010 in Argentina, numerous Social Science specialists started to research how massive ICT introduction in schools would radically affect teaching and learning processes, knowledge building and youth behaviour. Nevertheless, there is still not much empirical evidence showing the ways in which these technologies are appropriated. This situation discloses the need of placing research questions locally situated with regard to those potential changes. What existing access methods does PCI encounter? And how does its implementation participate in the design of personal and family heterogeneous trajectories of ICTs appropriation? How do the students themselves perceive the infl uence of PCI on their own technologic abilities and competence? How do knowledge and aptitudes associated to new digital media articulate with the knowledge manners promoted by the school format and institutionalism? How does the massive introduction of netbooks affect the interaction among different school actors (students-teachers)? What happens in other sociability and socialization spaces, such as the house and cybercafé?

The Benefits of Sampling Sports During Childhood

Sampling may promote prolonged engagement in sport by limiting physical injuries (Fraser-Thomas et al., 2005). Overtraining injuries are a concern for young athletes who specialize in one sport and engage in high volumes of deliberate practice (Hollander, Meyers, & Leunes, 1995; Law, Côté, & Ericsson, 2007). For instance, young gymnasts who practice for over 16 hours a week have been shown to have higher incidences of back injuries (Goldstein, Berger, Windier, & Jackson, 1991). A sampling approach in child-controlled play (e.g. deliberate play) rather than highly adult-controlled practice (e.g. deliberate practice) has been proposed as a strategy to limit overuse and other sport-related injuries (Micheli, Glassman, & Klein, 2000). In summary, sampling may protect against sport attrition by limiting sport related injuries and allowing children to have early experiences in sport that are enjoyable. Psychosocial Benefits of Sampling Only a small percentage of children who participate in school sports ever become elite athletes. Therefore, the psychosocial outcomes of sport participation are particularly important to consider. Recent studies with youth between the ages of 11 to 17 have found that those who are involved in a variety of extracurricular activities (e.g. sports, volunteer, arts) score more favourably on outcome measures such as Grade Point Average (GPA; Fredricks & Eccles, 2006a) and positive peer relationships (Fredricks & Eccles, 2006b) than youth who participate in fewer activities. These patterns are thought to exist due to each extracurricular activity bringing its own distinct pattern of socialization experiences that reinforce certain behaviours and/or teach various skills (Fredricks & Eccles, 2006b; Rose-Krasnor, Bussen, Willoughby, & Chambers, 2006). This contention is corroborated by studies of children and youths' experiences in extracurricular activities indicating that youth have unique experiences in each activity that contribute to their development (Hansen, Larson, & Dworkin, 2003; Larson, Hansen, & Moneta, 2006). This has led Wilkes and Côté (2007) to propose that children who sample different activities (through their own choice or by virtue of parental direction), have a greater chance of developing the following five developmental outcomes compared to children who specialize in one activity: 1) life skills, 2) prosocial behaviour, 3) healthy identity, 4) diverse peer groups and 5) social capital.

All in the Family? Parental Roles in the Epidemic of Childhood Obesity

Childhood obesity is a serious global health challenge. Families and consumption are at the nexus of the problem, as childhood weight issues depend significantly on family-related influences (genetic predispositions, physical activities, and household food consumption practices). This article focuses on how a family socializes a child toward or away from obesity. It advances a family consumer socialization framework to characterize key elements and processes. Biological predispositions, parent/family inputs, elements of child development, parent-child interactions, and intergenerational transfer are all major contributors to weight status and life course potentials. Time is also a crucial component, here represented in two forms -- linear and cyclical. Drawing on extensive research from other disciplines and related consumer research, five “Foundational Properties” are distilled, representing fundamental tenets underpinning the family’s role in this problem. Each property is then used to chart promising opportunities for consumer researchers and others interested in advancing knowledge on this pressing concern.

Receptive Vocabulary of CLIL and Non-CLIL Primary and Secondary School Learners

CLIL instruction has been reported to be beneficial for foreign language vocabulary learning since CLIL students show higher vocabulary profiles than students of their same age in traditional EFL contexts. However, to our knowledge, the receptive vocabulary knowledge of CLIL and non-CLIL learners at the end of primary and secondary education has not been examined yet. Hence, this study aims at comparing the receptive vocabulary size 79 CLIL primary learners with the receptive vocabulary knowledge of 331 non-CLIL learners at the end of primary and secondary school. Sex-based differences were also analysed. The 2k Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT) was used for the purposes of the study. Results revealed that learners’ receptive vocabulary sizes lie within the most frequent 1000 words, non-CLIL secondary school students throw better results than primary students but the differences between the secondary group and the CLIL group are not statistically significant. As for sex-based differences, we found no significant differences among the groups. These findings led us to believe that the CLIL approach offers a benefit for vocabulary acquisition since CLIL learners have been exposed to the foreign language for a shorter period of time and the results are quite similar to their non-CLIL secondary school partners.

Barriers of sentiment : Identity -formation, -regulation and subjectification in preschools

This thesis studies preschool socialization in terms of identity -formation, -regulation, and subjectification. Both the methodology and theoretical backdrop draws on Critical Management Studies, and the contribution to research comes from studying a subject otherwise non-prioritized. I have performed a qualitative study entailing interviews of pedagogues and preschool chiefs working within the same company in the Stockholm region. The study indicate that preschool discourse emphasize the importance of social competences and rituals, and moreover that the institution also accentuates its role in setting the proper ‘preconditions’. Furthermore, the study demonstrates how pedagogues – using mechanisms such as individual discourses, the children’s agency, and the milieu – try to form individuals who are: social, independent, self-reliant, have a strong ‘self’, joyful towards learning, and ‘can do it themselves’. I make a liaison between the aforementioned ideals and certain trends discussed by managerial literature, like for instance currents towards: self-management, neo-normative control, self-entrepreneurial attitudes, ambidextrousness, and the ‘principle of potential’ (Costea et al., 2012; Fleming & Study, 2009; Holmqvist & Spicer, 2013; Maravelias, 2011; Pongratz & Voß, 2003). Finally the thesis concludes by firstly underscoring that the Discourse of for example ‘joyful learning’ and ‘independency’ in preschools tend to demolish physical modes of control in place of psychological ones; and secondly, by discussing historical practices, the thesis brings attention to a shift from safekeeping children to preparing them for industrial, urbanistic, and capitalistic social existence. 

Ampliando o acesso livre a informação: a digitalização do acervo do Núcleo Temático da Seca

FREIRE, Isa Maria, et al. Ampliando o acesso livre a informaçao: a digitalizaçao do acervo do Nucleo Tematico da Seca. Pesquisa Brasileira em Ciência da Informação e Biblioteconomia, v.3, n.2, p. 137-142, 2008.Disponivel em: . Acesso em: 04 nov. 2010.

”Ska jag jobba med en ny, gud vad jobbigt. Dom kan ju ingenting” : En undersökning om socialisationsprocesser för nyanställda

Denna studie grundar sig i att rekryteringsbehoven inom vård och omsorg i Sverige ökar enligt SKL (2015). Personalbristen leder till en konkurrens om arbetskraft bland organisationer. En lösning på detta problem är kunskap och förståelse för människors socialisation, med fokus i arbetslivet. För att på detta sätt kunna underlätta organisationens hantering för att behålla personal. Utgångspunkten för studien är att det tycks krävas mer forskning kring vilken betydelse chefers stöd och kollegors relationer har på nyanställdas socialisationsprocess. Syftet med denna studie är således att undersöka hur ett företag inom vård och omsorgssektorn arbetar med socialisationsprocessen av nyanställda med fokus på relationer och chefers stöd. Forskning som berör nyanställdas socialisationsprocesser belyser kollegor som ett verktyg för att få tillgång till viktiga resurser exempelvis tyst kunskap. Chefer behöver vara närvarande och ge feedback. Organisationskulturen påverkar som en del av organisationens personlighet. Studien bygger på en abduktiv ansats och kvalitativa intervjuer, då intresset låg på individens tolkning och upplevelse av deras socialisation till företaget. Elva intervjuer har genomförts, fyra ansvariga chefer och sju nyanställda har deltagit i studien. Resultatet från intervjuerna har analyserat utifrån den teoretiska referensramen. I denna studie har vi kommit fram till att chefernas medvetenhet om vad individen går igenom i sin socialisationsprocess påverkar processen och chefernas stöd till de nyanställda. Kollegor är inte bara ett verktyg för nyanställda till viktiga resurser, utan behöver även ta på sig ett stort ansvar för individens introducerade till den sociala miljön på arbetsplatsen. Dock behöver individen vara öppen och aktiv för att få stöd från kollegorna. För att personalen ska dela organisationskulturen behöver de få vara involverade i förändringar och gemensamma mål. Dessa genomsyrar hela verksamheten, vilket underlättar nyanställdas socialisationsprocess. Vid nyanställdas socialisation har HR funktionen en stor del om processen blir lyckad eller inte.

Kärlek, till ett annorlunda barn : En litteraturstudie av bemötande och attityder gentemot familjer med diagnosbärande barn.

The issue of diagnosed children has been heavily debated in the media over the past decade. This study deals with the issue of diagnosis from a family perspective and utilizes a method of thematic analysis trough a literature review of four autobiographies that describes the parents experience of the diagnosis issue regarding attitudes and responses towards their children and family. The purpose is to create a greater understanding of the family situation and to explore new approaches and strategies to counter psychological affliction and exclusion in society. The results show a widespread exclusion based on the main themes, internal and external influences. These themes represent exclusion factors like for example inexperience in dealing with power bearing institutions such as schools and health facilities and creates few opportunities for socialization processes due to the child's disability, stigma. Both of these themes can be seen as a result of sensory deprivation. The attitudes and responses of society towards the stigma bearing child has a great negative impact on the families with diagnosed children.

Socializing toddlers : autonomy-supportive parenting practices and potential risk factors

Selon la théorie de l’auto-détermination, l’autonomie est un besoin universel de base qui, lorsque soutenu, permet aux individus de mieux fonctionner et de vivre plus de bien-être psychologique (p. ex., Deci & Ryan, 2008). Le style parental des parents qui soutiennent l’autonomie de leur enfant est caractérisé par le soutien du fonctionnement autodéterminé de ce dernier. Sa définition traditionnelle inclut des pratiques telles qu’offrir des explications et des choix lors des requêtes, communiquer de l’empathie, et encourager les prises d’initiatives tout en minimisant l’utilisation d’un langage contrôlant (p. ex., Soenens et al., 2007). Les bénéfices d’un style parental qui soutient l’autonomie d’un enfant ont été bien documentés (p. ex., Grolnick, Deci, & Ryan, 1997), toutefois, peu d’études ont été effectuées auprès des bambins. Or, cette thèse visait à enrichir la littérature sur le « parentage » en explorant les pratiques soutenantes qui sont utilisées par des parents de bambins dans un contexte de socialisation (étude 1), ainsi qu’en examinant les facteurs qui peuvent brimer leur mise en pratique (étude 2). La première étude a examiné un grand nombre de pratiques de socialisation que les parents qui favorisent davantage le soutien à l’autonomie (SA) pourraient utiliser plus fréquemment lorsqu’ils font des demandes à leurs bambins. Cette étude nous a permis d’explorer comment les parents manifestent leur SA et si le SA dans ce type de contexte est associé à un plus grand niveau d’internalisation des règles. Des parents (N = 182) de bambins (M âge = 27.08 mois) ont donc été invités à rapporter la fréquence avec laquelle ils utilisent 26 pratiques potentiellement soutenantes lorsqu’ils demandent à leurs bambins de compléter des tâches importantes mais non intéressantes et de rapporter à quel point ils valorisent le SA. Huit pratiques ont été identifiées comme étant soutenantes: quatre façons de communiquer de l’empathie, donner des explications courtes, expliquer pourquoi la tâche est importante, décrire le problème de façon informative et neutre, et mettre en pratique le comportement désiré soi-même. De plus, l’ensemble des huit pratiques corrélait positivement avec le niveau d’internalisation des bambins, suggérant aussi que celles-ci représentent bien le concept du SA. Des études futures pourraient tenter de répliquer ces résultats dans des contextes potentiellement plus chargés ou ébranlants (p. ex., réagir face à des méfaits, avec des enfants souffrant de retard de développement). La deuxième étude a poursuivi l’exploration du concept du SA parental en examinant les facteurs qui influencent la fréquence d’utilisation des stratégies soutenantes dans des contextes de socialisation. Puisque la littérature suggère que le stress parental et le tempérament difficile des bambins (c.-à-d., plus haut niveau d’affectivité négative, plus faible niveau de contrôle volontaire/autorégulation, plus faible niveau de surgency) comme étant des facteurs de risque potentiels, nous avons exploré de quelle façon ces variables étaient associées à la fréquence d’utilisation des stratégies soutenantes. Les buts de l’étude étaient: (1) d’examiner comment le tempérament des bambins et le stress parental influençaient le SA parental, et (2) de vérifier si le stress parental médiait la relation possible entre le tempérament des bambins et le SA parental. Le même échantillon de parents a été utilisé. Les parents ont été invités à répondre à des questions portant sur le tempérament de leur enfant ainsi que sur leur niveau de stress. Les résultats ont démontré qu’un plus grand niveau d’affectivité négative était associé à un plus grand niveau de stress parental, qui à son tour prédisait moins de SA parental. De plus, le stress parental médiait la relation positive entre l’autorégulation du bambin et le SA parental. Des recherches futures pourraient évaluer des interventions ayant pour but d’aider les parents à préserver leur attitude soutenante durant des contextes de socialisation plus difficiles malgré certaines caractéristiques tempéramentales exigeantes des bambins, en plus du stress qu’ils pourraient vivre au quotidien.

Soutenir l'autodétermination des personnes présentant une déficience intellectuelle : contribution de la théorie de l'autodétermination

Depuis les années 1980, le développement de l’autodétermination des personnes présentant une déficience intellectuelle (DI) est devenu une priorité dans les interventions qui leur sont offertes. Les agents de socialisation (p.ex., éducateurs, travailleurs sociaux, enseignants, parents, etc.) ont un rôle crucial dans sa promotion de par le soutien qu’ils leur offrent et les apprentissages qu’ils tentent de favoriser chez elles. La façon de communiquer et le type de relation que les agents de socialisation établissent avec la personne présentant une DI ont une influence certaine dans son développement. Pourtant, peu d’études ont jusqu’à ce jour évalué quelles sont les manières optimales de communiquer et d’interagir des agents socialisation pouvant faciliter l’autodétermination des personnes présentant une DI. Ancrée dans la théorie de l’autodétermination (TAD), cette thèse s’intéresse à évaluer, les effets d’un type de soutien spécifique, le soutien à l’autonomie (ou à l’autodétermination; SA, une manière de communiquer et d’être en relation qui satisfait le besoin d’autodétermination), sur la satisfaction du besoin d’autodétermination et la présence de bénéfices comportementaux, motivationnels et affectifs chez les personnes présentant une déficience intellectuelle légère (DIL) dans un contexte d’apprentissage. Deux articles seront présentés dans cette thèse. Le concept d’autodétermination comprend une large littérature et revêt de multiples définitions. Le premier article, de nature théorique, permettra de mieux le comprendre et de l’éclaircir à la lumière de la théorie fonctionnelle de l’autodétermination (TfAD) et de la théorie de l’autodétermination (TAD). Les études portant sur les interventions de promotion de l’autodétermination de la TAD et de la TfAD seront présentées. Dans un deuxième temps, la TAD et la TfAD seront comparées et contrastées l’une avec l’autre ce qui permettra de démontrer leurs différences, leurs similarités et leurs complémentarités tant au niveau théorique que de l’intervention. Enfin, il est proposé que le SA étudié par la TAD puisse constituer une intervention prometteuse, en plus des interventions proposées par la TfAD, afin de favoriser le développement de l’autodétermination et engendrer des bénéfices comportementaux, motivationnels et affectifs chez cette population. La deuxième étude visera à évaluer cette proposition. Par le biais d’une étude expérimentale, il sera évalué si le SA peut satisfaire le besoin d’autonomie/autodétermination des personnes présentant une DIL et peut faciliter l’intériorisation de la valeur d’une tâche, l’engagement et la diminution de l’anxiété lorsqu’ils réalisent une tâche de résolution de problème, une activité d’apprentissage qui est à la fois importante et fastidieuse. Ainsi, l’étude permettra de comparer les effets d’une tâche réalisée avec ou sans SA (condition expérimentale et témoin respectivement). Les participants (N = 51) présentaient tous une DIL et ont été recrutés dans un centre de réadaptation de la région de Montréal, au Québec (Canada). Les résultats démontrent que comparativement à la condition témoin, le SA amène chez les participants une satisfaction plus élevée du besoin d’autodétermination, un plus grand niveau d’engagement, une plus grande diminution de leur anxiété lors de l’activité et facilite l’intériorisation de la valeur de la tâche. La signification et l’interprétation de ces résultats, de même que leurs implications potentielles pour la recherche et les interventions offertes à ces personnes sont finalement discutées.