Constituintes químicos e avaliação do potencial alelopático de Adiantum tetraphyllum Humb. & Bonpl. Ex. Willd (Pteridaceae)

Chemical studies of green leaves of A. tetraphyllum afforded beta-sitosterol, a mixture containing the ethyl esters of long chain carboxylic acids, 30-normethyl-lupan-20-one, hopan-22-ol, phytol, phyten-3(20)-1,2-diol, quercetin and quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucoside. The structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic and GC analysis. The allelopathic potentials of the crude ethanolic extract and fractions were evaluated against Lactuca sativa (letuce) and Allium cepa (onion) seeds.

Transformação de triglicerídeos em combustíveis, materiais poliméricos e insumos químicos: algumas aplicações da catálise na oleoquímica

The use of biomass as raw-material for obtaining chemicals, polymers and fuels is emerging as a clever alternative solution for the increasing energy demand, environmental awareness and petroleum shortage. In this work, some attempts in order to develop catalytic systems suitable for triglyceride transformation into fuels, polymers and intermediates are reviewed.

Constituintes químicos da ascídia didemnum psammatodes (sluiter, 1895) coletada na costa cearense

Chemical investigation of the methanolic extract of the ascidian Didemnum psammatodes has led to the identification of the nucleosides 2'-deoxyuridine (1), thymidine (2), 2'-deoxyinosine (3) and 2'-deoxyguanosine (4), the steroids cholestanol, cholestanone and stigmasterol in mixture and batyl alcohol plus two analogs, 1-heptadecyloxy-2,3-propanediol and 1-nonadecyloxy-2,3-propanediol in mixture. Their structures were proposed by NMR, MS and comparison with literature data and GC-MS analysis.

La inclusión laboral de personas con trastorno mental grave mediante Empleo con Apoyo : elementos clave a partir de los professionals

Supported Employment (SE) is a clear alternative to the work inclusion of people with severe mental disorder (SMD). This article has two purposes: first, to show the possibilities of application of the SE with people with SMD, secondly, to establish the main lines that are configured as elements favoring the inclusion processes of this group work by SE. A piece of research has been carried out based on interviews of professionals with experience in supporting the work inclusion of people with SMD, focusing on the key factors that these professionals perceive as key elements for successful work inclusion processes. The awareness of the disease by the worker with SMD, the organization of the support processes throughout the insertion process, the relationship with the company as well as with the family and the characteristics of the health network are among the factors that, according to the research results, appear to be key factors for successful and less successful work inclusion processes. The information obtained provides insight into how people with SMD develop work inclusion processes with supported employment and help us to suggest some strategies to improve these processes

Distribuição, fracionamento e mobilidade de elementos traço em sedimentos superficiais

The gold and iron mining activities in the Velhas River yield considerable amounts of suspended solids as well as metals to the hydrological system of the region. The risks were assessed by sequential extraction procedures. They were carried out in sediment samples, aiming to evaluate the presence of Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and As. Although being at high levels in some parts of the river (e.g. As 527 mg g-1 and Cr 475 mg g-1) they are associated with the residual fraction. Mobility factors were also calculated and show that these species are enriched along the river, e.g. for As 0.02 at the spring and 0.33 at the high course of the river.

Constituintes químicos das cascas do caule de Cenostigma macrophyllum: ocorrência de colesterol

Phytochemical investigation of the bark of Cenostigma macrophyllum (Leguminosae-Caesapinioideae) resulted in the isolation and identification of valoneic acid dilactone, ellagic acid, lupeol, alkyl ferulate, four free sterols (cholesterol, campesterol, stigmasterol and sitosterol), a mixture of sitosteryl ester derivatives of fatty acids, sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, stigmasterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified by ¹H and 13C NMR spectral analysis and comparison with literature data. The mixtures of 3-beta-hydroxysterols and fatty acids were analysed by GC/MS.

Novos constituintes químicos das cascas do caule de Tabebuia heptaphylla

A new triterpene, 3beta,6beta,21beta-trihydroxyolean-12-ene and a new iridoid, 8alpha-methyl-8beta-hydroxy-6beta-(3',4'-dimethoxy)benzoyloxy-1 alpha,3alpha-dimethoxy-octahydro-cyclopenta[c]pyran were isolated from the trunk bark of a specimen of Tabebuia heptaphylla (Bignoniaceae) collected in the "Pantanal" of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Twelve known compounds were also obtained in this work, comprising four iridoids, 6-O-p-hydroxybenzoylajugol, 6-O-p-methoxybenzoylajugol, 6-O-3",4"-dimethoxybenzoylajugol, 8alpha-methyl-8beta-hydroxy-6beta-(4'-hydroxy)benzoyloxy-1alpha,3 alpha-dimethoxy-octahydro-cyclopenta[c]pyran, a cyclopentene dialdehyde, 2-formyl-5-(3',4'-dimethoxybenzoyloxy)-3-methyl-2-cyclopentene-1-acetaldehyde, a phenylethanoid glycoside, verbascoside and three benzoic acid derivatives, p-hydroxybenzoic, p-methoxybenzoic and 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acids, in addition to squalene, sitostenone and sitosterol. The antioxidant properties of the isolated compounds were also evaluated in this work.

Avaliação da contaminação por elementos metálicos dos sedimentos do Estuário Santos - São Vicente

Three approaches were applied to evaluate metal contamination in 41 sediment samples from the Santos - São Vicente Estuarine System: normalization to Al, statistical analysis and sediment quality guidelines (SQGs). The results showed increases in the concentrations of Zn, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr and Hg, which seemed to be associated with human activities. The levels of Al, Fe and Co probably were associated with crustal material or natural weathering processes. About 45% of the samples presented concentrations exceeding TEL-ERL, levels occasionally associated with adverse biological effects. Four of these samples presented concentrations above PEL-ERM, levels frequently associated with adverse biological effects.

Constituintes químicos de licania tomentosa Benth. (Chrysobalanaceae)

This paper describes the chemical constituents isolated from leaves and fruits of Licania tomentosa Benth. The plant materials were successively extracted with hexane and methanol. From the extracts the following compounds were obtained: betulinic acid; licanolide, a new triterpene lactone; oleanolic acid, lupeol; palmitoleic and hexadecanoic acid; a mixture of stigmasterol and sitosterol; and a mixture of tormentic, ursolic and betulinic acid. The structures of the natural products were identified on the basis of spectral data.

Análise multivariada de parâmetros físico-químicos em amostras de vinhos tintos comercializados na região metropolitana do Recife

The Brazilian legislation requires analysis of certain parameters to classify a wine and allow its commercialization. Some physico-chemical and some color parameters were determined in this work in samples of different red wines sold in the metropolitan area of Recife. Multivariate analysis comprising principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis was employed to distinguish the analyzed wines. The results for pH, chloride concentration, color parameters and ammonium content were the most important variables for sample classification. It was also possible to classify the wines as soft or dry wines and amongst the soft wines we could determine two out of four winegrowing producers.

Aplicação de Zr/Ti-PILC no processo de adsorção de Cu(II), Co(II) e Ni(II) utilizando modelos físico-químicos de adsorção e termodinâmica do processo

The aim of this investigation is to study how Zr/Ti-PILC adsorbs metals. The physico-chemical proprieties of Zr/Ti-PILC have been optimized with pillarization processes and Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) adsorption from aqueous solution has been carried out, with maximum adsorption values of 8.85, 8.30 and 7.78 x10-1 mmol g-1, respectively. The Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin adsorption isotherm models have been applied to fit the experimental data with a linear regression process. The energetic effect caused by metal interaction was determined through calorimetric titration at the solid-liquid interface and gave a net thermal effect that enabled the calculation of the exothermic values and the equilibrium constant.

Constituintes químicos e atividade antiedematogênica de Peltodon radicans (Lamiaceae)

Most of the snakebite incidents in the Amazon region involve Bothrops atrox, whose venom presents the most potent edematogenic and necrotic activities in the genus. This work describes the studies of isolation of the chemical constituents and antiedematogenic activity of the species Peltodon radicans (Lamiaceae), which is used in the treatment of snakebites and scorpion stings in the region. The extracts presented aliphatic hydrocarbons, 3beta-OH,beta-amirin (1), 3beta-OH,alpha-amirin (2), beta-sitosterol (3), stigmasterol (4), ursolic acid (5), 2alpha,3beta,19alpha-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (tormentic acid, 6), methyl 3beta-hydroxy,28-methyl-ursolate (7), sitosterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), and stigmasterol-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (9). The flower extracts presented the higher antiedematogenic activity. This is the first report on the study of the flowers, stem, and roots of this plant.

Constituintes químicos de Ipomoea subincana Meisn. (Convolvulaceae)

The chloroform extract of aerial parts of Ipomoea subincana was submitted to different chromatographic procedures which afforded methyl caffeate, ethyl caffeate, methyl 3,4-dimethoxycinnamate, lupeol, alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, 3-beta-O-beta-D-glycopiranosyl-sitosterol, beta-sitosterol, stigmasterol, scopoletin, aromadendrane-4beta,10alpha-diol, n-docosyl-cis-p-coumarate and n-icosyl-trans-p-coumarate, vanilin, cinamic acid and vanillic acid. However, from the ethyl acetate extract besides quercetin and 3-O-beta-D-glycopiranosyl-quercetin were isolated methyl 4-O-E-feruloyl-5-O-E-caffeoyl-quinate, methyl 3,5-di-O-E-caffeoyl-quinate and methyl 4-O-E-caffeoyl-quinate. The structures of the compounds were established on the basis of spectral data.

Constituintes químicos das flores de Pterogyne nitens (Caesalpinioideae)

The phytochemical investigation of the flowers of Pterogyne nitens (Caesalpinioideae) resulted in the isolation and identification of nine phenolic derivatives, quercetin 3-O-sophoroside, taxifolin, astilbin, ourateacatechin, caffeic, ferulic, sinapic, chlorogenic and gallic acid, besides two guanidine alkaloids, pterogynine, pterogynidine. This is the first time these compounds have been reported in P. nitens flowers. As this is a monospecific genus, these secondary metabolites may have taxonomical significance. Their structures were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including two-dimensional NMR techniques.

Sobre uma degenerescência acidental nos deslocamentos químicos de RMN de 31P{¹H} em complexos difosfínicos de rutênio

The [RuCl(bipy)(dppb)(4-pic)]PF6 complex was prepared and fully characterized. The X-ray crystal structure of this complex was determined in order to make an unambiguous distinction between the two possible positions of the 4-methylpyridine ligand (4-pic) in the compound: trans to phosphorus atom or trans to nitrogen atom. The [RuCl(bipy)(dppb)(4-pic)]PF6 complex exhibits an unusual temperature-dependent accidental degeneracy of the 31P chemical shifts in its solution NMR spectrum.