Anatomy and variability of "Cuvierichelys parisiensis", a geoemydid turtle that crosses the Eocene-Oligocene boundary in Belgium

Abundant material of turtles from the early Oligocene site of Boutersem-TGV (Boutersem, Belgium), is presented here. No information on the turtles found there was so far available. All the turtle specimens presented here are attributable to a single freshwater taxon that is identified as a member of Geoemydidae, Cuvierichelys. It is the first representative of the ‘Palaeochelys s. l.–Mauremys’ group recognized in the Belgian Paleogene record. This material, which allows to know all the elements of both the carapace and the plastron of the taxon, cannot be attributed to the only species of the genus Cuvierichelys so far identified in the Oligocene, the Spanish form Cuvierichelys iberica. The taxon from Boutersem is recognized as Cuvierichelys parisiensis. Thus, both the paleobiogeographic and the biostratigraphic distributions of Cuvierichelys parisiensis are extended, its presence being confirmed for the first time outside the French Eocene record. The validity of some European forms is refuted, and several characters previously proposed as different between Cuvierichelys iberica and Cuvierichelys parisiensis are recognized as subjected to intraspecific variability.

Muscular anatomy of the pectoral and forelimb of caiman crocodilus crocodilus (linnaeus, 1758) (crocodylia: alligatoridae)

v. 17, n. 2, p. 285-295, abr./jun. 2016.

Anatomy in the Library: Anatomical Models on Course Reserves

In Fall 2015, the Engineering and Physical Science Library (EPSL) began lending anatomical models as part of its course reserves program. EPSL received a partial skeleton and two muscle model figures from instructors of BSCI105. These models circulate for 4 hours at a time and are generally used by small, collaborative groups of students in the library. This poster will look at the challenges and rewards for adding these items to EPSL’s course reserves.

Pathological anatomy and self-portraiture

Why should an artist look to anatomical or pathological specimens as a reservoir of images with which to facilitate an articulation of his or her own artistic or personal identity? This is the starting point of a reflection on the disappearance of the artist and its transformation into a passive object. As a result, it is also a reflection into the blurring lines between subject and object. On the grounds of the work elaborated by the artist Lisa Temple-Cox and the critical look and comments made by the observer Harcourt, this paper is a first-hand attempt to understand the configuration of the self and the influence of the artistic intervention in the generation and representation of anatomical knowledge, resulting in an exploration into the intertwined processes that create both historical subjects and historical objects.

Leaf anatomy of rubber-tree clones

A seringueira é uma planta de fácil reconhecimento por ser lenhosa, de porte mediano a grande, que apresenta um padrão característico de desfolha e reenfolhamento e, sobretudo, pela produção de látex. O objetivo do trabalho foi efetuar um estudo anatômico e morfológico foliar, comparando os clones RRIM 600 e GT 1 de seringueira &91;Hevea brasiliensis (Wild. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell.- Arg&93;, desenvolvidos sob as mesmas condições edáficas e climáticas, para obtenção de informações que possam fornecer subsídios para correlações com dados fisiológicos e também diferenciar os clones em relação ao conteúdo de fibras, espessamento de tecidos do parênquima paliçádico e do parênquima lacunoso, caracterização anatômica do pecíolo, número e tamanho de estômatos e fornecer dados referentes a morfologia foliolar. Foram realizadas secções transversais na região do mesófilo, nervura central e pecíolo, seguindo-se os métodos usuais de preparação de lâminas permanentes. Foram realizadas análises biométricas de extensões de tecidos dos parênquimas paliçádico e lacunoso e contagem do número de células do parênquima lacunoso. Paralelamente foram realizadas análises biométricas para aferições de estômatos. Não houve diferenças para a altura das células epidérmicas, altura e número de camadas do parênquima lacunoso e para o comprimento e para a maior largura do limbo foliolar. Porém houve variação para a espessura das células do parênquima paliçádico, sendo que GT 1 apresentou maior espessura em relação a RRIM 600. GT1 apresentou maior número de estômatos em relação a RRIM 600, porém com menor tamanho. GT1 apresentou maior diâmetro da nervura central da folha e do pecíolo e maior quantidade de fibras de esclerênquima que RRIM 600.

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis and Flexor Digitorum Profundus with separated sheaths, a new normal variation in human

Case description: A 25 years old man presented with a laceration on radial side of proximal phalanx of 4th finger (zone II flexor) which was due to cut with glass. Clinical findings: The sheaths of Tendons of flexor digitorum sperficialis and profundus were not the same and each tendon had a separate sheath. Treatment and outcome: The tendons were reconstructed by modified Kessler sutures, after 15 months the patient had a 30 degrees of extension lag even after physiotherapy courses. Clinical relevance: This is the first reported of such normal variation in human hand tendon anatomy.

Relevance of anatomy to medical education and clinical practice: perspectives of medical students, clinicians, and educators

Introduction: Against a backdrop of ever-changing diagnostic and treatment modalities, stakeholder perceptions (medical students, clinicians, anatomy educators) are crucial for the design of an anatomy curriculum which fulfils the criteria required for safe medical practice. This study compared perceptions of students, practising clinicians, and anatomy educators with respect to the relevance of anatomy education to medicine. Methods: A quantitative survey was administered to undergraduate entry (n = 352) and graduate entry students (n = 219) at two Irish medical schools, recently graduated Irish clinicians (n = 146), and anatomy educators based in Irish and British medical schools (n = 30). Areas addressed included the association of anatomy with medical education and clinical practice, mode of instruction, and curriculum duration. Results: Graduate-entry students were less likely to associate anatomy with the development of professionalism, teamwork skills, or improved awareness of ethics in medicine. Clinicians highlighted the challenge of tailoring anatomy education to increase student readiness to function effectively in a clinical role. Anatomy educators indicated dissatisfaction with the time available for anatomy within medical curricula, and were equivocal about whether curriculum content should be responsive to societal feedback. Conclusions: The group differences identified in the current study highlight areas and requirements which medical education curriculum developers should be sensitive to when designing anatomy courses.

Left atrial appendage: anatomy and imaging landmarks pertinent to percutaneous transcatheter occlusion

Percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure represents a complementary option and effective treatment for patients at risk of thromboembolism, especially in patients for whom it may be difficult to achieve satisfactory anticoagulation control or where anticoagulation treatment is not possible or desirable. Effective and safe transcatheter LAA occlusion requires a detailed knowledge of crucial anatomic landmarks and endocardial morphologic variants of the LAA and its neighbouring structures.1 ,2 w1–w3 Our aim in this article is to provide the basic anatomic information that is important for the interventional cardiologist to know when planning an LAA occlusion procedure.

Left atrial anatomy relevant to catheter ablation

The rapid development of interventional procedures for the treatment of arrhythmias in humans, especially the use of catheter ablation techniques, has renewed interest in cardiac anatomy. Although the substrates of atrial fibrillation (AF), its initiation and maintenance, remain to be fully elucidated, catheter ablation in the left atrium (LA) has become a common therapeutic option for patients with this arrhythmia. Using ablation catheters, various isolation lines and focal targets are created, the majority of which are based on gross anatomical, electroanatomical, and myoarchitectual patterns of the left atrial wall. Our aim was therefore to review the gross morphological and architectural features of the LA and their relations to extracardiac structures. The latter have also become relevant because extracardiac complications of AF ablation can occur, due to injuries to the phrenic and vagal plexus nerves, adjacent coronary arteries, or the esophageal wall causing devastating consequences.

Cavotricuspid isthmus: anatomy and electrophysiology features: its evaluation before radiofrequency ablation

The cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) in the lower pan of the right atrium, between the inferior caval vein and the tricuspid valve, is considered crucial in producing a conduction delay and. hence, favoring the perpetuation of a reentrant circuit. Non-uniform wall thickness, muscle fiber orientation and the marked variability in muscular architecture in the CTI should be taken into consideration from the perspective of anisotropic conduction, thus producing an electrophysiologic isthmus. The purpose of this article is to review the anatomy and electrophysiology of the CTI in human hearts to provide useful information to plan CTI radio frequency ablation for the patients with atrial flutter.

Processing and additive manufacturing of bones for the teaching of human anatomy

Traditionally, the teaching of human anatomy in health sciences has been based on the use of cadaveric material and bone parts for practical study. The bone materials get deteriorated and hardly mark the points of insertion of muscles. However, the advent of new technologies for 3D printing and creation of 3D anatomical models applied to teaching, has enabled to overcome these problems making teaching more dynamic, realistic and attractive. This paper presents some examples of the construction of three-dimensional models of bone samples, designed using 3D scanners for posterior printing with addition printers or polymer injection printers.