Caracterização da intervenção farmacêutica na prevenção e prestação de cuidados de saúde numa amostra dos concelhos do Algarve

Dissertação de mest., Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Univ. do Algarve, 2010

Spiny lobster fishery on the southwest coast of Portugal: conciliating fisheries and conservation

Dissertação de mest., Aquacultura e Pescas (Pescas), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Univ. do Algarve, 2011

Estudo da evolução da microbiota em fermentações naturais de azeitona verde do Algarve

Disssertação de mest., Tecnologia de Alimentos, Instituto Superior de Engenharia, Univ. do Algarve, 2011

Contributo para o estudo da pescaria da língua (Dicologoglossa cuneata, Moreau 1881) e breve caracterização da comunidade piscatória da baía de Monte Gordo

Dissertação de mest., Gestão e Conservação da Natureza, Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Univ. do Algarve, 2007

Potential of fisheries restocking off the Algarve coast using aquaculture produced marine fish

Tese de dout., Ciências do Mar, da Terra e do Ambiente (Ecologia Marinha), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Univ. do Algarve, 2012

Recuperação de corredores fluviais de montanha Barranco dos Pisões - Monchique

Dissertação de mest., Arquitetura Paisagista, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Univ. do Algarve, 2013

Avaliação de desempenho operacional de estações de tratamento de águas residuais como instrumento associado à reutilização da água na rega de campos de golfe

Dissertação de mest., Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Univ. do Algarve, 2009

Análise multivariada da sucessão dunar na península do Ancão e ilha da Barreta

O presente estudo tem a sua localização na Ria Formosa, mais concretamente na Península do Ancão e Ilha da Barreta. A barra do Ancão (ou de S. Luís) é a que tem influência directa sobre a área de estudo em causa. Ecossistema é todo o sistema (no sentido físico) incluindo não só a complexidade de organismos mas também a complexidade de factores físicos a que se chama de ambiente. Neste conceito de ecossistema, os componentes biológicos (bióticos) e físicos (abióticos) são um único sistema interactivo. Na Ria Formosa as dunas formam-se na praia, na zona que imediatamente se segue ao domínio das marés, dando origem a uma crista, mais ou menos contínua, relativamente baixa e sensivelmente paralela à linha de costa. A sucessão ecológica pode ser definida como o padrão contínuo não sazonal, direcional, de colonização e extinção num local por populações de espécies. Assim os sistemas dunares consistem num mosaico zonal, determinado pelas características ambientais definidas pela topografia. Os objectivos deste estudo foram caracetrizar a sucessão dunar da Ria Formosa em termos de associações que relacionam as espécies com elevada correlação e validá-las. Relacionar as correlações e associações com a idade dos locais e as outras variáveis ambientais (pH, condutividade, matéria orgânica e azoto), estabelecendo os tipos de composição florística e a sua sequência espacial e comparar os tipos composição florística obtidos com a idade e os propostos na bibliografia. Pela utilização do método de transecto em banda foram amostrados sete transectos, com um espaçamento de 3 m entre estações de 1 m2. Adaptou-se a escala de abundância-dominância proposta por Braun Blanquet (1979). Analizaram-se os resultados recorrendo à análise multivariada com metodologia Monte Carlo. Utilizou-se a análise de componentes principais, análise de agrupamento, análise discriminante e regressão múltipla para analisar os dados obtidos. Verificou-se então que a análise dos factores bióticos leva a concluir que a zonação do sistema dunar está dependente quer da idade do mesmo, quer das características que o próprio habitat apresenta (gradiente de recursos e gradiente directo). A zonação completa do sistema dunar necessita de pelo menos mais de 60 anos para ocorrer; idade com a qual as dunas apresentam uma série de relações inter-específicas que tendem a ser estabilizadas. As espécies ditas pioneiras, à medida que o tempo evolui, restringem a sua ocupação à vertente oceânica da duna, uma vez que sofrem uma pressão competitiva de outras espécies que se lhes sucedem com o tempo.

Application of molecular tools for detection of plant viruses

Grapevine leafroll disease (GLRD) is one of the most important virus diseases of grapevines worldwide, causing major economical impact. The disease has a complex aetiology and currently eleven phloem-limited viruses, termed in general Grapevine leafroll-associated virus (GLRaVs), have been identified. Two of the GLRaVs, GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-3, are included in the European certification scheme of propagation material. However, the flawed notion that GLRaV-3 is more frequent than GLRaV-1 and that all other GLRaVs are possibly not as relevant for GLRD, has until now precluded the development of specific serological and molecular detection assays and limited the scope of molecular characterization of the viruses known to be associated with the disease. Hence, few studies have addressed the phylodynamics of GLRaVs or even characterized the genetic structure of their natural populations. This generalized lack of molecular information, in turn underlie the deficient capacity to detect the viruses. The phylogenetic analyses were conducted on the basis of the heat shock protein 70 homologue (HSP70h) and the coat protein (CP) genes for GLRaV-1 and the HSP70h, the heat shock protein 90 homologue (HSP90h) and the CP genes for GLRaV-5. The data obtained for GLRaV-1 contributed 83 new CP sequences. This information was combined with previous analysis by other authors and used for the production of new polyclonal IgG, capable of detecting CP variants from all the phylogroups observed. Successful testing of this new tool included tissue print immunoblotting (TPIB) and in situ immunoassay (ISIA). The data obtained for GLRaV-5, contributed 61 new CP and 28 new HSP90h gene sequences. Eight phylogenetic groups were identified on the basis of the CP. Characterization of the genetic structure of the isolates revealed a higher diversity than previously reported and allowed the identification of dominant virus variants. For both GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-5, the effect of vegetative propagation on the virus transmission dynamics was addressed.

The effect of conservation measures on the spatial and temporal variation of rocky fish assemblages in the Arrábida Marine Park

Marine protected areas (MPAs) have been widely proposed for conservation purposes and as a tool for fisheries management. The Arrábida Marine Park is the first MPA in continental Portugal having a management plan, fully implemented since 2009. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of protection measures on rocky reef fish assemblages and target invertebrates through before-after and control-effect (no-take vs. fished areas) underwater visual surveys and analysis of landings trends. Second, we used surveys before, during and after implementation of the management plan to understand fishers‟ preferences for fishing grounds and adaptation to the new rules, and evaluated the reserve effect through analysis of both ecological responses and fishing effort density. Third, we identified the main oceanographic drivers influencing the structure of reef fish assemblages and predicted the community structure for the last 50 years, in light of climatic change. Overall results suggest positive responses in biomass but not yet in numbers of some commercial species, with no effects on non-target species. The reserve effect is reinforced by the increase in landings of commercial species, despite increased fishing effort density in some areas, especially with octopus traps. Fishing grounds are mainly chosen based on the distribution of target species and associated habitats, but distance to port, weather conditions and safety also influence fishers‟ choices. Moreover, different fisheries respond differently to the protection measures, and within each fishery, individual fishers show distinct strategies, with some operating in a broader area whereas others keep preferred territories. Our results also show that wind stress and temperature are the main oceanographic drivers for rocky reef fish assemblages, with tropicalization of assemblages and polewards movements of species over the last 50 years consistent with temperature trends. We believe this study provides significant lessons for marine conservation and management of coastal systems.

Marine foundation species shifting ranges and genetic baselines

This thesis revealed the most importance factors shaping the distribution, abundance and genetic diversity of four marine foundation species. Environmental conditions, particularly sea temperatures, nutrient availability and ocean waves, played a primary role in shaping the spatial distribution and abundance of populations, acting on scales varying from tens of meters to hundreds of kilometres. Furthermore, the use of Species Distribution Models (SDMs) with biological records of occurrence and high-resolution oceanographic data, allowed predicting species distributions across time. This approach highlighted the role of climate change, particularly when extreme temperatures prevailed during glacial and interglacial periods. These results, when combined with mtDNA and microsatellite genetic variation of populations allowed inferring for the influence of past range dynamics in the genetic diversity and structure of populations. For instance, the Last Glacial Maximum produced important shifts in species ranges, leaving obvious signatures of higher genetic diversities in regions where populations persisted (i.e., refugia). However, it was found that a species’ genetic pool is shaped by regions of persistence, adjacent to others experiencing expansions and contractions. Contradicting expectations, refugia seem to play a minor role on the re(colonization) process of previously eroded populations. In addition, the available habitat area for expanding populations and the inherent mechanisms of species dispersal in occupying available habitats were also found to be fundamental in shaping the distributions of genetic diversity. However, results suggest that the high levels of genetic diversity in some populations do not rule out that they may have experienced strong genetic erosion in the past, a process here named shifting genetic baselines. Furthermore, this thesis predicted an ongoing retraction at the rear edges and extinctions of unique genetic lineages, which will impoverish the global gene pool, strongly shifting the genetic baselines in the future.

Ecology of the invertebrate macrofauna of a Ria Formosa lagoon salt marsh

Tese de doutoramento, Ecologia, Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Universidade do Algarve, 2003

Recreational shore fishing in southern Portugal: biological and socio-economic aspects and perspectives for management

Although overfishing is a concern for many fish stocks, it was for a long time only associated with commercial fishing exploitation, with less or no attention being given to the recreational fisheries. Recent research has shown however that the impact of recreational fishing on particular species can be considerable, and that the recreational harvest needs to be taken into account if fisheries are to be accurately assessed and effectively managed. In Portugal, the first recreational fishing regulations were only recently implemented. However, mirroring other European countries, regulations lacked scientific support, and specific knowledge of the activity was limited to a few studies with limited coverage. This thesis aimed to characterize the biological and socioeconomic aspects of the recreational shore angling activity in southern Portugal, to investigate whether the regulations in place were adequate and effective, and to provide recommendations for improved management and conservation of the inshore fisheries resources. A combined aerial-roving survey was conducted to gather data on fishing effort, catch, fishing trips and socioeconomic aspects (including anglers’ perceptions of regulations) of the recreational angling activity. The analysis of anglers’ catches suggested that compliance with daily bag limits was high, with less than 0.5% of creels exceeding the 10 kg angler-1 day-1 bag limit. Overall, 11.5% of the retained fishes were undersized, but non-compliance with minimum size limits was found to be high for some species (e.g. seabass, 73% undersized). In terms of the impact of recreational shore angling, the total estimated catches corresponded to less than 1% of the commercial landings for the same period (shared species). However, shore angling catches for white sea bream (Diplodus sargus) were found to be considerable, corresponding to 65% of the commercial landings (39.4% of total catch). In terms of anglers’ perceptions about the recreational fishing regulations in Portugal, the present study has shown that the majority of anglers accepted the existence of some kind of SRF regulations, but in general there was a partial or total disagreement with the recreational fishing restrictions recently put in place. Most anglers perceived themselves as not being involved in the decision-making process and claimed that some restrictions lacked a meaningful rationale (e.g. prohibition of fishing from piers/jetties). Fishers’ awareness with regard to specific aspects of the restrictions (such as the rationale for minimum size limits) was found to be very limited. During the same period, catches from sport fishing competitions were examined to test for differences with the recreational activity in terms of catches, and evaluate long term trends in catch and mean size of fish. Catches of the sport fishing competitions were found to be different from those observed for recreational fishing, being dominated by different species (e.g. garfish, mullets), and suggesting different fishing strategies of the the two types of anglers. High percentages of undersized fish were observed to be captured (and retained) during the competitions (in particular seabass, with 100% undersized), probably as a result of a single allowable minimum size (AMS) of 15 cm for all species in use in competitions. Lastly, catch and release fishing experiments were carried out to assess post-release mortality of three recreationally important species: two banded sea bream Diplodus vulgaris; black sea bream Spondyliosoma cantharus; and gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata. Post-release mortalities were found to be low (0-12%). The main predictor of mortality for Sparus aurata was anatomical hooking location, with 63% of the fishes that died being deeply hooked. The results support the release of fish, either from mandatory (e.g. minimum landing sizes) or voluntary practices. In summary, this thesis has demonstrated that the impact of recreational fishing for particular species is significant and needs to be taken into account for more effective management and stock assessment purposes. It has also highlighted several management issues that should be addressed in order to promote more adequate regulations in the future and prevent noncompliance issues. A periodic monitoring of the recreational fishing activity including all fishing modes (i.e. spear fishing, boat, and shore angling) would also be beneficial to ensure a timely knowledge on the global recreational fishing activity and support future management actions.

Um modelo bioeconómico para a gestão sustentável das florestas mediterrâneas

Tese de doutoramento, Ciências Agrárias (Território e Ambiente), Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2013

Memórias não atendidas e supressão: uma adaptação do Paradigma Think/No-Think para a população portuguesa

Dissertação de mestrado, Neurociências Cognitivas e Neuropsicologia, Faculdade de Ciências Humanas e Sociais, Universidade do Algarve, 2015