Recherche de snoRNAs de type C/D dans le génome de S.cerevisiae en corrélation avec le signal de reconnaissance à l'enzyme RNT1p

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Aerial photo of SRS-4, Shark River Slough

This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation through the Florida Coastal Everglades Long-Term Ecological Research program under Cooperative Agreements #DBI-0620409 and #DEB-9910514. This image is made available for non-commercial or educational use only.

High Formalism: The aerial view and the colour field

Laura Kurgan’s Monochrome Landscapes (2004), first exhibited in the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York City, consists of four oblong Cibachrome prints derived from digital files sourced from the commercial Ikonos and QuickBird satellites. The prints are ostensibly flat, depthless fields of white, green, blue, and yellow, yet the captions provided explain that the sites represented are related to contested military, industrial, and cartographic practices. In Kurgan’s account of Monochrome Landscapes she explains that it is in dialogue with another work from the Whitney by abstract artist Ellsworth Kelly. This article pursues the relationship between formalist abstraction and satellite imaging in order to demonstrate how formalist strategies aimed at producing an immediate retinal response are bound up with contemporary uses of digital information and the truth claims such information can be made to substantiate.

Évaluation des effets d'un programme d'éveil sensoriel au goût sur la reconnaissance d'aliments, les attitudes et le comportement alimentaire d'enfants dans la région de Sherbrooke

Manger est un geste davantage relié aux sensations plutôt qu’aux cognitions. Les ateliers Les aventuriers du goût constituent l’objet de cette évaluation qui cible les enfants âgés de 5 à 7 ans en milieu scolaire dans la région de Sherbrooke. Les objectifs de l’étude sont de décrire 1) les effets des ateliers sur la reconnaissance des aliments, l’envie de goûter et le comportement alimentaire quant à la diversité du choix alimentaire, et de décrire 2) le comportement alimentaire des enfants tel que perçu par leurs parents. Un devis mixte d’évaluation comportant des observations faites avant et après les ateliers avec groupe témoin a été utilisé. Il en ressort que les ateliers ont favorisé la reconnaissance des aliments et l’attitude envers l’envie de goûter à de nouveaux aliments. L’éveil sensoriel au goût semble une avenue prometteuse pour favoriser la reconnaissance d’aliments, encourager la diversité ainsi que l’acquisition de saines habitudes alimentaires.

Osservatore e controllore sensorless ad elevate prestazioni per propulsione elettrica di Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Negli ultimi anni, tra le varie tecnologie che hanno acquisito una sempre maggiore popolarità e diffusione, una di particolare rilevanza è quella degli Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. Di questi velivoli, quelli che stanno riscuotendo maggiore successo sono i multirotori, alimentati esclusivamente da azionamenti elettrici disposti in opportune posizioni della struttura. Particolari sforzi sono stati recentemente dedicati al miglioramento di questa tecnologia in termini di efficienza e precisione, tuttavia quasi sempre si trascura la vitale importanza dello sfruttamento efficiente dei motori elettrici. La tecnica di pilotaggio adottata nella quasi totalità dei casi per questi componenti è il BLDC sensorless, anche se la struttura si dimostra spesso essere PMSM, dunque inadatta all’uso di questa strategia. Il controllo ideale per i PMSM risulterebbe essere FOC, tuttavia per l'implementazione sensorless molti aspetti scontati nel BLDC devono essere affrontati, in particolare bisogna risolvere problemi di osservazione e identificazione. Durante la procedura di avviamento, efficienti strategie di self-commissioning vengono adottate per l’identificazione dei parametri elettrici. Per la fase di funzionamento nominale viene proposto un osservatore composto da diversi componenti interfacciati tra loro tramite un filtro complementare, il tutto al fine di ottenere una stima di posizione e velocità depurata dai disturbi. In merito al funzionamento in catena chiusa, vengono esposte valutazioni preliminari sulla stabilità e sulla qualità del controllo. Infine, per provare la validità degli algoritmi proposti, vengono mostrati i risultati delle prove sperimentali condotte su un tipico azionamento per UAV, pilotato da una scheda elettronica progettata appositamente per l’applicazione in questione. Vengono fornite inoltre indicazioni sull’implementazione degli algoritmi studiati, in particolare considerazioni sull’uso delle operazioni a virgola fissa per velocizzare l'esecuzione.

Les paysages sous-marins du Québec : le cas de la découverte, de la mise en valeur et de la reconnaissance du jardin des Escoumins

Cette recherche exploratoire examine le concept émergent de « paysage sous-marin » présenté sous la forme d’une étude cas — celui du jardin des Escoumins — situé dans le parc marin du Saguenay – Saint-Laurent, au Québec. On constate, depuis les dernières décennies, deux complications qui s’interposent au concept de paysage sous-marin puisque d’une part on examine un divorce entre les Québécois et le fleuve Saint-Laurent puis d’une autre on observe l’omission fréquente de sa reconnaissance dans la littérature géographique. En somme, deux questions de recherche en découlent, soit : Quels sont les procédés employés pendant le XXe et XXIe siècle dans la construction des paysages sous-marins au Québec ? et : Quel est le rôle des différents acteurs, et plus précisément celui des plongeurs, dans la mise en valeur et la reconnaissance du paysage sous-marin des Escoumins ? La recherche a été accomplie à travers une revue extensive de la littérature régionale et mondiale portant sur ce concept atypique. Par la suite, une enquête de 35 questions soumises à un échantillon de 73 plongeurs québécois a été analysée, ainsi que sept entrevues semi-dirigées avec des acteurs clefs du domaine. Puis, l’étude et la cartographie des relations spatiales entre les plongeurs et les lieux de prédilection de leur activité ont été réalisés. Les résultats démontrent des interrelations complexes entre les caractéristiques de construction de ces paysages sublimes (le territoire, la nordicité, la pratique d’une activité de loisir, la technologie, l’esthétisme ainsi que l’essor économique et touristique) et les acteurs clefs. Comme la « découverte » des paysages alpins au XVIIIe siècle en Europe, la lente mise en valeur des paysages sous-marins au Québec est causée par la marginalité des lieux. Ainsi, la reconnaissance des paysages subaquatiques est en pleine effervescence au Québec et l’intégration de ce concept en aménagement et en planification touristiques devient capitale.

DESIGN, FABRICATION, AND PERFORMANCE CHARACTERIZATION OF MULTIFUNCTIONAL STRUCTURES TO HARVEST SOLAR ENERGY FOR FLAPPING WING AERIAL VEHICLES

Flapping Wing Aerial Vehicles (FWAVs) have the capability to combine the benefits of both fixed wing vehicles and rotary vehicles. However, flight time is limited due to limited on-board energy storage capacity. For most Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) operators, frequent recharging of the batteries is not ideal due to lack of nearby electrical outlets. This imposes serious limitations on FWAV flights. The approach taken to extend the flight time of UAVs was to integrate photovoltaic solar cells onto different structures of the vehicle to harvest and use energy from the sun. Integration of the solar cells can greatly improve the energy capacity of an UAV; however, this integration does effect the performance of the UAV and especially FWAVs. The integration of solar cells affects the ability of the vehicle to produce the aerodynamic forces necessary to maintain flight. This PhD dissertation characterizes the effects of solar cell integration on the performance of a FWAV. Robo Raven, a recently developed FWAV, is used as the platform for this work. An additive manufacturing technique was developed to integrate photovoltaic solar cells into the wing and tail structures of the vehicle. An approach to characterizing the effects of solar cell integration to the wings, tail, and body of the UAV is also described. This approach includes measurement of aerodynamic forces generated by the vehicle and measurements of the wing shape during the flapping cycle using Digital Image Correlation. Various changes to wing, body, and tail design are investigated and changes in performance for each design are measured. The electrical performance from the solar cells is also characterized. A new multifunctional performance model was formulated that describes how integration of solar cells influences the flight performance. Aerodynamic models were developed to describe effects of solar cell integration force production and performance of the FWAV. Thus, performance changes can be predicted depending on changes in design. Sensing capabilities of the solar cells were also discovered and correlated to the deformation of the wing. This demonstrated that the solar cells were capable of: (1) Lightweight and flexible structure to generate aerodynamic forces, (2) Energy harvesting to extend operational time and autonomy, (3) Sensing of an aerodynamic force associated with wing deformation. Finally, different flexible photovoltaic materials with higher efficiencies are investigated, which enable the multifunctional wings to provide enough solar power to keep the FWAV aloft without batteries as long as there is enough sunlight to power the vehicle.

Aerial surveys to monitor bluefin tuna abundance and track efficiency of management measures

Conservation and management measures for exploited fish species rely on our ability to monitor variations in population abundance. In the case of the eastern stock of Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABFT), recent changes in management policies have strongly affected the reliability of fishery-dependent indicators due to drastic changes in fishing season/area, fisheries selectivity and strategy. However, fishery-independent indices of abundance are rare for large pelagic fish, and obtaining them is often costly and labor intensive. Here, we show that scientific aerial surveys are an appropriate tool for monitoring juvenile bluefin tuna abundance in the Mediterranean. We present an abundance index based on 62 aerial surveys conducted since 2000, using 2 statistical approaches to deal with the sampling strategy: line and strip transects. Both approaches showed a significant increase in juvenile ABFT abundance in recent years, resulting from the recovery plan established in 2007. Nonetheless, the estimates from the line transect method appear to be more robust and stable. This study provides essential information for fisheries management. Expanding the spatial coverage to other nursery grounds would further increase the reliability and representativeness of this index.

Apprentissages, reconnaissance et professionnalisation des salariés assurant le travail ménager au domicile des particuliers : une comparaison France-Québec.

Les personnes salariées assurant le travail ménager au domicile des particuliers demeure le plus souvent considérées comme femmes de ménage et non comme professionnelles. Elles réalisent des tâches que tout le monde pense être en mesure d'effectuer et répondent cependant tant aux besoins d'une population vieillissante que de celle active. Cette recherche explore, dans une approche comparative, le contexte de travail des préposés au Québec et agents et employés de ménage en France ainsi que les apprentissages leur permettant d'exercer leur activité. Elle interroge également la relation entre ces apprentissages, la reconnaissance et la professionnalisation.

Development of a Real-Time Hierarchical 3D Path Planning Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) frequently operate in partially or entirely unknown environments. As the vehicle traverses the environment and detects new obstacles, rapid path replanning is essential to avoid collisions. This thesis presents a new algorithm called Hierarchical D* Lite (HD*), which combines the incremental algorithm D* Lite with a novel hierarchical path planning approach to replan paths sufficiently fast for real-time operation. Unlike current hierarchical planning algorithms, HD* does not require map corrections before planning a new path. Directional cost scale factors, path smoothing, and Catmull-Rom splines are used to ensure the resulting paths are feasible. HD* sacrifices optimality for real-time performance. Its computation time and path quality are dependent on the map size, obstacle density, sensor range, and any restrictions on planning time. For the most complex scenarios tested, HD* found paths within 10% of optimal in under 35 milliseconds.

Publics, visibilité et reconnaissance en art contemporain : étude du cas de Ai Weiwei

Pour respecter les droits d’auteur, la version électronique de ce mémoire a été dépouillée de certains documents visuels et audio-visuels. La version intégrale du mémoire a été déposée au Service de la gestion des documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

La scène de reconnaissance : allégorie politique et métaphore de l’adaptation dans "The History of King Lear" de Nahum Tate (1681)

International audience

Barrages romains en terre - Beira Baixa (Portugal) : reconnaissance et caractérisation préliminaire

Cet article concerne les barrages romains en terre du district de Castelo Branco qui ont été l'objet de récentes recherches des auteurs dans le cadre d'une plus vaste étude : Barragens Romanas do Distrito de Castelo Branco e Barragem de Alferrarede (Barrages romains du district de Castelo Branco et Barrage d'Alferrarede). Parmi les barrages étudiés, certains ont déjà été mentionnés par les auteurs.

GC-MS Analysis, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Extracts of the Aerial Parts of Conyza sumatrensis

Phytochemical analyses as well as antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the extracts of C. sumatrensis aerial parts were investigated in this study. METHODS: The aerial parts of C. sumatrensis were air dried, weighed and exhaustively extracted with hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol successively. The crude extracts were screened for metabolites. These extracts of the plant were evaluated for antimicrobial and antioxidant activities using agar diffusion and DPPH method respectively. The extracts were also analysed using Gas chromatography – Mass spectrometry, and the chromatogram coupled with mass spectra of the compounds were matched with a standard library. RESULTS: Preliminary phytochemical investigation of crude n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the aerial parts of Conyza sumatrensis revealed the presence of anthraquinones, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenolics, tannin, glycosides and carbohydrate. All the crude extracts gave a clear zone of inhibition against the growth of the test bacteria ( Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Bacillus subtilis , Pseudomona aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi , Klebsiellae pneumonae ) at moderate to high concentrations, as well as test fungi ( Candida albicans , Aspergillus niger , penicillium notatum and Rhizopus stolonifer ) at high concentration. Methanolic extract exhibited significant radical scavenging property with IC50 of 17.08 μg/mL while n-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts showed no significant antioxidant activity. GC-MS of N-hexane extract showed a total number of eleven chemical constituents with α-Farnesene and spathulenol being the most abundance compounds constituting 20.27 and 22.28% of the extract respectively. Ethyl acetate extract revealed thirteen compounds with two most abundant compounds, cis-β-farnesene (16.64 %) and cis-pinane (21.09 %). While methanolic extract affords seventeen compounds with Ephytol being the most abundant compound (19.36 %).