724 resultados para Adequate educational practice


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This paper examines the impact of socioeconomic factors on eighth grade achievement test scores in the face of federal and state initiatives for educational reform in Maine. We use student-level data over a five year period to provide a framework for understanding the policy implications of these initiatives. We model performance on standardized tests using a seemingly unrelated regressions approach and then determine the likelihood of meeting the standards defined by the adequate yearly progress requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act and Maine Learning Results initiatives. Our results indicate that the key factors influencing a student’s test scores include the education of a student’s parents, special services received for learning disabilities, and alternative measures of academic achievement.

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Esta dissertação é produto de uma investigação sobre a extensão universitária e as bases institucionais para o seu desenvolvimento. A sua construção teve como norte o objetivo de analisar a estruturação da extensão em uma instituição de educação superior em Administração, o que foi realizado através de explorações teóricas e do estudo de caso da Faculdade de Administração da Universidade Federal Fluminense. Tendo como principal referência o pensamento do Fórum Nacional de Pró-Reitores de Extensão das Universidades Públicas, as dimensões institucionais que orientaram a análise do caso foram: política de gestão, plano acadêmico e infra-estrutura. De acordo com suas caracteristicas atuais na instituição em foco, foi possível compreender que estas bases, que suportam o desenvolvimento da extensão, ainda não estão adequadamente consolidadas. A principal conseqüência deste cenário é o desequilíbrio e dissociabilidade entre ensino, pesquisa e extensão. Isto, por sua vez, gera a prevalência da reprodução de conhecimentos que muitas vezes foram gerados em ambientes com caracteristicas distintas da sociedade brasileira e da comunidade onde a Universidade está inserida. Diante um cenário onde é urgente a necessidade de conhecimentos comprometidos com a solução de problemas que impedem a sustentabilidade do desenvolvimento do Brasil, é necessário que esta instituição se renove para corresponder aos desafios da sociedade atual.

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This thesis aims to build a panoramic analysis with the intention of providing the theoretical initial a thought articulated educational of podcast, a technology orality distributed demand. This joint search considering the various spheres that educational technology in Brazilian use, both in school and non-school contexts, including scenarios and distance. This study unites questions addressed piecemeal in the area to new perspectives about the podcast, in order to characterize its nature, examining such technology from a perspective of educational technology itself, as well as unveiling its main potentials and implications. The survey was conducted from the combined use of quantitative and qualitative categories, with emphasis on the last one. The method of participant observation was followed by immersion of the researcher in the audience groups of Brazilians podcasts. Data collection with sources held in non-school contexts, from a look at targeted interactions given the blogs of Brazilian productions, as well as from open-ended interviews with producers - made online - besides giving themselves from the hearing itself about five hundred podcasts of Brazil. In the school context, the research focused on a literature review of the literature of the study area. Were added to the corpus described statistics derived mainly from "Podpesquisa 2009," Numerical major survey on the use of podcasts in Brazil. The articulation and analysis of the collected data, we used the concept of Education Paulo Freire (1971, 1987), so that, understanding it as synonymous to communication - understood this concept in Freire - were able to reveal the various ramifications educational podcast Brazilian atmosphere permeated by a dialogic between its participants. Moreover, the ideas of Célestin Freinet (1998) about the cooperation, while education practice, conducted the analyzes productive technology addressed in this work. The philosophical thought of Andrew Feenberg (2003) on the notion of "technologies" buoyed technological design elaborate. Such consideration provided the foundation for the reflections and proposals offered in this study, which, in the characterization of the oral nature of the podcast - especially their version for the deaf - appropriated the placements Luis Antonio Marcuschi (2001) about the relationship between orality and writing. In addition to these references, several other authors were considered, dealing with issues that pervade the theme here delimited, contemplating discussions on topics such as educational interest, online production, inclusive education, among other aspects. At the end, there was the podcast as a technology, while still reproducing social asymmetries Brazilian fairly directed at promoting mitigations hierarchical and open production in digital orality promotes. In view of its technical and educational implications in national use, the technology study has revealed potential relevant to the sophistication of teaching practices with orality, in various contexts, and proved adequate to serve as a motto to the revision of school practices, to even the very role of the school. This, by the prospects unveiled here, can, through the podcast, mitigate their questions reproductivist to constitute themselves as under privileged communication, boosted by critical rescue and sophistication of management through the most basic education component: speech

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In the new world order is notorious changes in social, ethical, economical and political aspects in the society, which reach incisively higher education, requiring a number of modifications and a new vision in nursing education, in order to meet the demands of the Unique Health System. Thus, the Higher Education Institutes (HEI) and teachers are invited to face new challenges and reflect on their practices, using pedagogical approaches and innovative methodologies to meet the requirements of a globalized society. This study has as an objective to analyze the perspective of teachers in what concern the pedagogical approaches used in nursing education and to identify pedagogical approaches utilized by teachers in nursing education. This is a field research of exploratory kind, descriptive, of quantitative approach. The search was conducted at the Department of Nursing of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte UFRN, based in the city of Natal. The population consisted of forty-six teachers. From this population was selected a sample of twenty teachers. Data collection occurred from August to September 2011, through the utilization of the technique of interview and questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed in two moments. In the first moment, was carried out the quantitative analysis that refers to the obtained data through the interview technique, methodological procedures were submitted to the content analysis proposed by Bardin. On the second moment, concerning the quantitative analysis of the questionnaires applied to the teachers and of the identification data, which were digitized and transferred to a spreadsheet electronic of Microsoft Excel XP, tabulated and organized into tables, containing their relative and absolute frequencies. It is worth mentioning that were respected the aspects of the CNS Resolution 196/96. With regard to the characteristics of research participants, 20% were male; with a degree of titration of 55% doctorates; regarding time of service there was a greater representation from 15 to 45 years, with 45%. The results showed that 90% of teachers who participated in the research have an appropriate understanding of non-critical pedagogical approaches, only 10% had an inadequate understanding. However, 70% of teachers, despite having an adequate understanding, reported difficulties when attempting to implement these pedagogies. Most teachers, with representability of 80% consider the non-critical pedagogies relevant in nursing education, as well as critical pedagogies, being represented by 95% of teachers. It was concluded that both critical and non-critical pedagogies are in teachers practice of undergraduate nursing education. It feels like a moment of transition, since the presence of new ways of teaching as a part of this educational context, with educational models that give value to scientific, ethical and personal aspects in the educational process. The research contains limitations, however highlights the contribution of new possibilities for action, reflection on the context of performance, maximizing the pedagogical skills necessary to conduct teaching process, in line with the new educational paradigm of higher education

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The purpose of this research was to evaluate educational strategies applied to a tele-education leprosy course. The curriculum was for members of the Brazilian Family Health Team and was made available through the São Paulo Telehealth Portal. The course educational strategy was based on a constructivist learning model where interactivity was emphasized. Authors assessed motivational aspects of the course using the WebMAC Professional tool. Forty-eight healthcare professionals answered the evaluation questionnaire. Adequate internal consistency was achieved (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79). More than 95% of queried items received good evaluations. Multidimensional analysis according to motivational groups of questions (STIMULATING, MEANINGFUL, ORGANIZED, EASY-TO-USE) showed high agreement. According to WebMAC's criteria, it was considered an awesome course. The tele-educational strategies implemented for leprosy disclosed high motivational scores.

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Disorders localized to the musculoskeletal system are a common problem among dental personnel. This study has the aim of surveying epidemiological studies reporting positive associations between dental practice and musculoskeletal disorders (MSKDs). The focus was to evaluate the size of reported risk increase and the extent to what alternative causal explanations were considered. Reports with significant links (p value .05) were systematically selected from 2 electronic databases. Twenty-five studies were identified. Risk measures were reported in 8 studies, and all of them presented weak associations. The impact of at least 1 competing explanations was analyzed in 32% of studies, but adjustment was considered not adequate in half of them. The evidence on dentistry as a profession with potential risk for development of MSKDs remains questionable. Further research is needed to more carefully elucidate the risk and the impact of MSKDs in this particular occupational group.

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Objetivou-se avaliar conhecimentos e práticas sobre aleitamento materno de profissionais que atendem lactentes em unidades de atenção básica, ou maternidades públicas, de município do interior paulista, Brasil. É estudo epidemiológico, sendo a população composta por 89 enfermeiros e médicos. Suas respostas a um questionário estruturado foram analisadas no total e segundo o local de trabalho, aplicando-se o teste de diferença de proporções (qui-quadrado), considerando-se p<0,05 como nível crítico. Como parâmetros de acertos foram consideradas as recomendações do Ministério da Saúde. As diferenças significativas para conhecimentos e práticas, segundo o local de trabalho, foram restritas a alguns aspectos, com resultados discretamente melhores dos escores médios de acertos dos profissionais das unidades de atenção básica. Independente do local de trabalho, verificou-se desempenho regular e ruim em diferentes aspectos estudados, indicando que possíveis intervenções para a capacitação nessa temática deverão incluir profissionais de todos os níveis de atenção à saúde.

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Thinking about nursing education implies articulating this issue with the expressions of theoretical frameworks, from the perspective of a pedagogical aspect that includes both constructivism and competencies. The objective was to characterize, from a longitudinal view, the construction of care competencies that exist in the teaching plans of nursing undergraduate programs. This exploratory-descriptive study used a qualitative approach. Documentary analysis was performed on the nine teaching plans of undergraduate care subjects. The ethical-legal aspects were guaranteed, so that data was collected only after the study had been approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The data evidenced a curriculum organization centered on subjects, maintaining internal rationales that seem to resist summative organizations. Signs emerge of hardly substantial links between any previous knowledge and the strengthening of critical judgment and clinical reasoning. As proposed, the study contributed with reconsiderations for the teachinglearning process and showed the influence of constructivism on the proposal of clinical competencies.

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The Brazilian public health system requires competent professionals sensitive to the needs of the population. The Foundation for Advancement of International Medical Education and Research (FAIMER) provides a two-year faculty development programme for health professions educators, aiming to build leadership in education to improve health. A partnership with governmental initiatives and FAIMER was established for meeting these needs. This paper describes the initial process evaluation results of the Brazilian FAIMER Institute Fellowship (FAIMER BR). Methods: Data were analysed for the classes 2007-2010 regarding: application processes; innovation project themes; retrospective post-pre self-ratings of knowledge acquisition; and professional development portfolios. Results: Seventeen of 26 Brazilian states were represented among 98 Fellows, predominantly from public medical schools (75.5%) and schools awarded Ministry of Health grants to align education with public health services (89.8%). One-third (n = 32) of Fellows' innovation projects were related to these grants. Significant increases occurred in all topic subscales on self-report of knowledge acquisition (eff ect sizes, 1.21-2.77). In the follow up questionnaire, 63% of Fellows reported that their projects were incorporated into the curriculum or institutional policies. The majority reported that the programme deepened their knowledge (98%), provided new ideas about medical education (90%) and provided skills for conflict management (63%). One-half of the Fellows reported sustained benefits from the programme listserv and other communications, including breadth of expertise, establishment of research collaboration and receiving emotional support. Conclusion: Contributors to initial programme success included alignment of curriculum with governmental initiatives, curriculum design merging educational technology, leadership and management skills and central role of an innovation educational project responding to local needs.

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Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC

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Pós-graduação em Educação para a Ciência - FC

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Este trabalho investigou como se deu a implementação de Políticas Públicas para Educação Especial no município de Marabá-Pará. Para tanto se fez necessário analisar e refletir o papel da Secretaria Municipal de Educação na efetivação dessas políticas, tendo como focos a política de inclusão escolar e o processo de municipalização do Ensino Fundamental. A temática foi desenvolvida por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa sobre o processo de inclusão escolar, pois a última década, em nosso país, marca o início da luta da sociedade civil para que se façam valer os direitos preconizados pela Constituição Federal de 1988, dentre os quais garantia do acesso e permanência de todos na escola. O problema de pesquisa que norteou este trabalho foi o de verificar a relação entre as políticas públicas educacionais para a educação especial traçadas pelo governo federal e a implementação das mesmas pela Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Marabá-Pará para a inclusão escolar dos alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais. A pesquisa se desenvolveu metodologicamente por meio de um estudo de caso de uma escola da rede municipal de educação de Marabá. Utilizamos como instrumentos de coleta de dados a entrevista semÍ-estruturada e a análise interpretativa das entrevistas e dos documentos cujos dados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo. A partir de nossas análises e reflexões constatamos que a implantação da Educação Especial em âmbito municipal deu-se por força do processo de municipalização ocorrido em Marabá no de 2000. Ressaltamos que a implementação da mesma na prática, vem sofrendo muitos complicadores, dentre eles a falta de conhecimento de grande parte dos professores da rede em relação às questões mais específicas apresentadas pela maioria das deficiências de seus alunos, além da falta de infra-estrutura adequada das escolas para atender os alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais matriculados nas classes comuns.

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Trata da Política de Formação Continuada de professores no Brasil, tendo como objeto de estudo o Pró-Letramento, um programa de formação continuada de professores de escolas públicas, na modalidade à distância (semipresencial), que visa à melhoria da aprendizagem da leitura/escrita e matemática nas séries iniciais do ensino fundamental realizado pelo MEC, em parceria com universidades que integram a Rede Nacional de Formação Continuada de Professores e com os sistemas de ensino. O problema de pesquisa consiste na seguinte preocupação: O programa Pró-Letramento é parte da política educacional vigente de precarização, intensificação do trabalho docente e responsabilização dos professores pelos resultados dos sistemas educacionais? Esta investigação foi norteada pelas seguintes questões motivadoras: O programa Pró-Letramento tem contribuído para melhoria do trabalho docente? Que concepções de formação continuada e trabalho docente estão presentes nesta política educacional? O Pró-Letramento tem reforçado a responsabilização dos professores pelo desempenho dos alunos? O objetivo consistiu em analisar a repercussão do Pró- Letramento no trabalho de professores que atuam em escolas públicas, que participaram ou estão participando da formação continuada oferecida por esse programa no período compreendido entre os anos de 2008 a 2011, no Pólo Belém, com base no momento atual de discussão das políticas educacionais brasileira. Como objetivos específicos, essa investigação acadêmica pretendeu identificar se o Pró-Letramento integra uma política de valorização do magistério que visa à melhoria das condições de trabalho, remuneração e atuação profissional; investigar que concepção de formação continuada está presente nesta política educacional, se restrita a conhecimentos práticos ou mais amplos no sentido de propiciar a compreensão do contexto social em que se processa a atuação profissional e, verificar se o Pró-Letramento tem reforçado a responsabilização dos professores pelo desempenho dos alunos, da escola e do sistema ou a intensificação do trabalho docente. Os procedimentos teórico metodológicos consistiram em levantamento bibliográfico, análise de documentos e em pesquisa de campo, mediante a realização de entrevista semiestruturada. Para a análise dos dados foi realizada análise do conteúdo. A presente investigação apontou como principais resultados, com base no aporte teórico elencado e no relato das professoras entrevistadas, que a formação continuada em serviço e a distância basilar nas propostas de programas governamentais têm sido apresentadas como uma formação que é desenvolvida de forma aligeirada, pouco fundamentada teoricamente, descontínua e descontextualizada o que implica em débitos para atuação profissional dos professores e, que as professoras cursistas do Pró-Letramento não têm contado com condições adequadas de trabalho, carreira, remuneração e formação continuada. Com base nas considerações finais, constata-se que existe a necessidade de efetivação de uma política de formação capaz de formar um profissional com condições de compreender os processos sociais e de relacioná-los ao contexto de sua atuação profissional, e com isso romper com uma política de formação de professores, pautada em uma perspectiva utilitarista e individualizadora de formação continuada de professores e dissociada da garantia de valorização do magistério e condições adequadas de trabalho.