Orçamento e alocação de recursos em universidades: uma aproximação da escolha pública

As demandas exigindo a melhoria da produtividade em faculdades e universidades estão surgindo dramática e rapidamente no Brasil. Muitos estudos têm sugerido sistemas de avaliação e critérios externos para controlar a produção universitária em termos quantitativos e qualitativos. Considerando-se que as universidades e faculdades não são organizações com fins lucrativos (excetuando-se, é claro, as caça-níqueis), as variáveis microeconômicas e administrativas tradicionais usadas para medir a eficiência não possuem nenhuma função direta. Nesse sentido, dever-se-ia criar um sistema de controle à la mercado (imitando o mercado) para se avaliar a produção em universidades e faculdades. O orçamento e o mecanismo de alocação de recursos contido no mesmo pode ser usado como um mecanismo de incentivo para melhorar a qualidade e a produtividade. Esse será o principal tema deste artigo.

Desordem ou vácuo institucional?: uma análise dos discursos presentes na educação superior peruana

This thesis is about change, discontinuity, instability. The theoretical perspective used to analyses the changing process was Institutional Theory, which argues that institutions has a long-term time. The institutional change has always be seen as a structural process and a incremental one, but this research aimed rescue the dynamic side of institutional change, understanding that as a result of deinstitutionalization and institutionalization processes. In order to understand the deinstitutionalization and institutionalization processes, we try to understand the concepts of interactive and iterative. So, it was possible understand that these process are interdependent and has to be understood as both side of institutional change. Nevertheless, it couldn¿t have an institutional vacuum, but a hybrid order or plural one, where a set of institutional forces would find its legitimacy. The Discourses Analysis supports this research, which was developed in Peru. A group of University professors was interviewed and we noticed that there are a lot of practices that act as micro institutional rules. In that way, we can admit that there is no vacuum, but a plural institutional order.

Ação social das empresas privadas: uma metodologia para avaliação de resultados

In the recent years Corporate Social Action (CSA) has become more and more relevant to corporate context. The aim is to benefit both poor communities and the donnor companies, as it meets the needs of their salient stakeholders. Nevertheless, there still exists considerable scepticism concerning CSA. In order to become a solid management practice, it is critcal to evidence the attained results. Up to now, the focus has been on process evaluation, that is, on the policies companies are adopting. Literature revision has shown a great need of studies related to results identification in this field. Therefore, using stakeholders` framework (according to Wood, 1991; Donaldson and Preston, 1995; Hopkins, 1997; Hamil, 1999), we have developped a methodology to evaluate CSA results, based on public and private effectiveness criteria. As we applied it to assess Xerox social action in Brazil we were able to identify the attainment degree of expected results related to the benefitted community (Mangueira) and also to some Xerox salient stakeholders (employees and clients).

A percepção da atuação da área de gestão de pessoas das empresas privadas e organizações governamentais nos estados de Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro e São Paulo segundo os profissionais das demais áreas funcionais

In the past there were many lawyers working in the human resources area, nowadays it doesn't happen anymore, because this area wishes to offer a better service. According to some writers, that strategic service is the ideal way for the organization to achieve its goal. Since there are not many researches about this issue, this dissertation will give a support not only for academic but also for professionals that work in private and public organizations. The goal of this dissertation is to identify how professionals, except for the ones who work in the human resources, realize the actions of the human resources in private and public organizations. Besides, this dissertation also makes a comparison between these two kinds of action. The result of this research is neither good nor bad. The goal of this research was to find problems involved on this issue and better solutions for them.

Propaganda governamental e sua inserção na pós-graduação em administração nas universidades brasileiras

o ensino de marketing, tanto no Brasil quanto no mundo, parece priorizar a análise de mercados tradicionais e focaliza, principalmente, ações de marketing que podem ser conduzidas por empresas. Desta forma, é natural pensar que o ensino de marketing governamental seja restrito a algumas instituições ou cursos. o objetivo deste estudo é identificar a abordagem utilizada no ensino de Propaganda Governamental em cursos de pós-graduação em Administração, e descrever o preparo acadêmico dos alunos nesta disciplina específica. As informações levantadas compreendem a forma como esta ferramenta tem sido utilizada ao longo das últimas décadas. alguns conceitos estratégicos relativos ao tema, e considerações sobre a importância da inserção da disciplina Propaganda Governamental em cursos de pós-graduação em Administração.

Universidades corporativas: possibilidades e dificuldades de sua implantação - estudo de casos

Verifica-se, nos últimos anos, uma tendência de criação de universidades corporativas com o objetivo de dar uma dimensão estratégica ao processo de treinamento e desenvolvimento de pessoas nas organizações. Esta dissertação identificou as possibilidades e dificuldades de implantação dessas universidades em empresas brasileiras. Na primeira etapa do estudo foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica com o objetivo de identificar as mais importantes contribuições da literatura sobre o tema. Na segunda etapa, realizou-se uma pesquisa de campo em cinco empresas que implantaram suas universidades corporativas. A pesquisa identificou como possibilidades das universidades corporativas a implantação de um processo de desenvolvimento de pessoal com dimensão estratégica, contínua e permanente e integração dos parceiros do negócio neste processo por elas implantado, reforçando as alianças estratégicas das empresas. As principais dificuldades identificadas relacionam-se ao caráter doutrinário dos programas realizados, certas dificuldades no seu relacionamento com as universidades tradicionais e a possível resistência à mudança dos profissionais de treinamento e desenvolvimento.

Avaliação dos critérios de excelência em organizações públicas e privadas

This study has the purpose to realize a comparative analysis between private and public organizations, winners in Prêmio de Qualidade Rio (PQRio), 2004 cycle, in aspects related to Excellence Criteria's Client and Leadership, identifying differences and similarities between private and public sectors. This is a descriptive research that uses, in the data collect, depth interviews, following a given script, with the managers who are responsible for quality program in the researched organizations. The relevance of this study is justified in face of the anxiety with respect of utilization, by the public sector, of a management model and excellence criteria developed for the private sector. The reached results present the existence of as much differences, as similarities, with more highlight to similarities. In this way, the discussions about the validity of adoption, by public sector, of the model created by private sector are left to the second plan, in face of improvements achieved with the implementation of this practice.

O caráter doutrinário de Universidades Corporativas

This research had the objective to verify if the Corporative Universities have a doctrinal character and why. In order to make the identification and analysis possible, field and bibliographic researches have been used. The bibliographical survey allowed to conclude that university is not the adequate and correct term to identify the Corporative "University", as an university does not only concern teaching. Regarding research, the investigation seeks the truth, what rarely occurs in Corporate Universities. Besides this, the bibliographical survey furnished information about organizational control and indoctrination that are important to the analysis of the Corporative Universities. While the market needs more critical, creative and enterprising individuals, the Corporative Universities limit the freedom of the thought. The field research is based on the studies of Reboul (1980) and Snook (1974), providing data that made the identification of politics and practices of the researched Corporate University possible, giving them doctrinal characteristics, which are opposed to those of education, but in a reduced degree, as compared with the respondent of the research. This circumstance harmed in a certain way initial supposition of the study, but at its end roused other suppositions as well.

Uma avaliação estratégica da situação de crise e mudança das universidades federais brasileiras

Este trabalho de dissertação trata da administração universitária na área do governo federal. A pesquisa realizada investiga a situação de crise e mudança das Universidades Federais Brasileiras, através de três instmmentos: pesquisa bibliográfica que compõe a base teórica da investigação; entrevistas tendo como amostra a opinião de dirigentes universitários das Universidades Federais localizadas no Rio de Janeiro, quais sejam: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro: Universidade Federal Fluminense: Universidade do Rio de Janeiro e Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro; e um questionário fechado contendo questões pontuais sobre a situação de crise das Universidades Federais Brasileiras, também aplicado ao mesmo gmpo entrevistado. O estudo realizado aborda questões relevantes para a compreensão da crise nestas instituições tais como: missão das Universidades Federais Brasileiras; Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão e sua indissociabilidade; a relação Governo - Universidades Federias Brasileiras: a relação Universidade -Sociedade; diferenças entre ensino superior público e privado no país; a questão da gratuidade nas Universidades Federais no Brasil; a massificação do ensino superior; a questão do corporativismo; a autonomia universitária, e as avaliações do sistema federal de ensino superior no país. Finalmente, um enfoque conclusivo avalia a situação de crise e a necessidade efetiva de implementar mudanças.

Universidades corporativas: transformando as estruturas de treinamento e desenvolvimento das organizações no Brasil

This work analyses the application of the so-called corporative university model in business enterprises in Brazil. What are the impacts observed in the training and development structures in companies that adopt learning systems defined within the corporative university? It aims to offer an analytical basis to those interested in the educational tendency of knowledge management as a strategy for a sustained competitive edge in business nowadays.

Fatores determinantes de sucesso na adoção de softwares livres em empresas privadas: algumas evidências empíricas

Nowadays, the free software has been presented as an alternative to the acquisition structure of proprietors¿ software licenses, being adopted by a large number of companies. This study presents the analysis, through a case study, of a project of proprietors¿ software migration for free platforms. The main purpose was to identify decisive factors of success in the adoption of free softwares for private companies. For this, was used the single case methodology of study, presented by Yin (2005). The theoretical referential approaches issues related to the definitions and the historic of the free software, the resistance to information systems and the change resistance. The idea is to look for the fundamentals to support the researchers understanding of the situations observed in the field. The data found at this research was analyzed using a meta-frame, which has as the main point the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Information Technology, developed by Venkatesh et al. (2003). Also, to complete this meta-frame, were used the Technology Acceptance Model, proposed by Davis (1989), and Interaction¿s Model of system and context of Use, developed by Markus (1983). The researche¿s result has been gotten by the analysis of documentation, interviews, questionnaires, direct observation and participant observation, that made possible the obtaining of valuable group of data on the researched subject. The result of this research allow the establishment of subsidies for the planning and development of project of proprietors¿ softwares migration for free softwares.

O conhecimento científico do poder como pré-requisito para o exercício da função gerencial nas organizações privadas

Nowadays, management of Intellectual Capital seems to be one of the most efficacious alternatives so that companies may permanently develop competitive differentials to enable their survival in a market that confers paradigma status to globalization. Managers are searching for solutions aiming to attract and maintain in their boards professionals that might be able to develop these competitive differentials and assure to their companies the expected results and the business growth. In this environment, the manager¿s functions appears as a strategic function towards the organization¿s routine and yet suggests an evaluation about the professionals performance concerning challenges (efforts) that market requires. The amount of scientific knowledge which these professionals detain about power should be measured as well as the thought that this can improve their performance regarding their capacity to convince (induce) people. This research concerns those that look for empirical evidences and scientific arguments to confirm the supposition that power knowledge may in fact provide a superior performance of those professionals that are in charge of management functions. The reason and results here presented allow to: reevaluate managers duties in private organizations, improve executive training programs so as to be more productive and appropriated, change the selection methods used to recognize such executives and finally suggest a reevaluation about the real adequation of graduation and master degree courses in regards to professionals graduation which are capable to ingress in business market and take over leadership positions.

Universidades Corporativas: Proposiçâo de um Modelo Conceitual

The aim of the present study is to develop a Corporate University Model, that could be adapted to great national companies, contributing pragmatically to recent developments in corporate education. For this reason, a larger understanding of the phenomenon that represents the appearance of those entities in the dynamics of the managerial education process, was sought, through the study of its main characteristics, a distinction between them, academic universities and also the traditional process of corporate education, targeting a set of specific requirements for successful implementation. The study was developed with a qualitative focus, aiming to analyze the theories and models now existent, signaling to educational professionals and company executives important aspects in its execution. This led to an overview of the themes that generate new alternatives for those who need to make decisions related to the subject. A reading of the publishments on higher education in Brazil and the Brazilian university model, on managerial education and what could be found on corporate universities, was carried out. Soon after, researches were made in companies that had similar implemented models or those in the process of implementation, seeking to know its main differences, likenesses and peculiarities. Meticulous study and the attentive analysis of the whole research material collected led to the proposition of the model, which was implanted in January of 2001, in Caixa Econômica Federal.

Impacto do trabalho voluntário na atuação de instituições privadas sem fins lucrativos : o caso APAE-Rio

A presente dissertação trata do trabalho voluntário e da atuação das instituições privadas sem fins lucrativos que atendem pessoas portadoras de necessidades especiais. A questão central deste estudo é a investigação a respeito do impacto do trabalho voluntário na atuação das mencionadas instituições, e seu objetivo final é a avaliação deste impacto. O estudo tem como objetivos secundários o levantamento de informações sobre as motivações do trabalhador voluntário e a identificação dos significados atribuídos ao trabalho voluntário. Adotou-se a pesquisa do tipo estudo de caso com tratamento qualitativo e quantitativo dos dados obtidos. A aplicação de questionários junto aos familiares e voluntários da Associação de Pais e Amigos dos Excepcionais (APAE-Rio) revelou aspectos importantes para a pesquisa e fomentou o estudo de assuntos vinculados ao voluntariado trazidos pelos próprios entrevistados, tais como o amor, a solidariedade e a cidadania. Questões próprias do voluntariado e do Terceiro Setor também são abordadas, juntamente com as principais correntes de pensamento no campo da ética, com o intuito de embasar as conclusões do estudo. Os resultados apontam para um impacto positivo do trabalho voluntário na atuação das instituições privadas sem fins lucrativos que atendem pessoas portadoras de necessidades eSpeCiaIS. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Trabalho Voluntário, Terceiro Setor e Solidariedade