999 resultados para reproductive modes
Resumo:
Comprend : Séjour de Paris, c'est-à-dire instructions fidèles pour les voiageurs de condition, comment ils se doivent conduire, s'ils veulent faire un bon usage de leur tems et argent durant leur séjour à Paris / par le Sr J. C. Nemeitz
Resumo:
Comprend : Séjour de Paris, c'est-à-dire instructions fidèles pour les voiageurs de condition, comment ils se doivent conduire, s'ils veulent faire un bon usage de leur tems et argent durant leur séjour à Paris / par le Sr J. C. Nemeitz
Resumo:
Comprend : Séjour de Paris, c'est-à-dire instructions fidèles pour les voiageurs de condition, comment ils se doivent conduire, s'ils veulent faire un bon usage de leur tems et argent durant leur séjour à Paris / par le Sr J. C. Nemeitz
Resumo:
Comprend : Séjour de Paris, c'est-à-dire instructions fidèles pour les voiageurs de condition, comment ils se doivent conduire, s'ils veulent faire un bon usage de leur tems et argent durant leur séjour à Paris / par le Sr J. C. Nemeitz
Resumo:
Comprend : Séjour de Paris, c'est-à-dire instructions fidèles pour les voiageurs de condition, comment ils se doivent conduire, s'ils veulent faire un bon usage de leur tems et argent durant leur séjour à Paris / par le Sr J. C. Nemeitz
Resumo:
Comprend : Séjour de Paris, c'est-à-dire instructions fidèles pour les voiageurs de condition, comment ils se doivent conduire, s'ils veulent faire un bon usage de leur tems et argent durant leur séjour à Paris / par le Sr J. C. Nemeitz
Resumo:
Comprend : Séjour de Paris, c'est-à-dire instructions fidèles pour les voiageurs de condition, comment ils se doivent conduire, s'ils veulent faire un bon usage de leur tems et argent durant leur séjour à Paris / par le Sr J. C. Nemeitz
Resumo:
Comprend : Séjour de Paris, c'est-à-dire instructions fidèles pour les voiageurs de condition, comment ils se doivent conduire, s'ils veulent faire un bon usage de leur tems et argent durant leur séjour à Paris / par le Sr J. C. Nemeitz
Resumo:
Use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is increasing in many developed countries. Arterial and venous thromboembolic complications are reported during ART with an incidence of 0.1%. The development of these events has been mainly ascribed to the presence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). Precise mechanisms by which OHSS and exogenous hormonal stimulation used in ART induce thromboembolic events remain unclear. However, vascular endothelial growth factor secreted during OHSS, high estradiol concentrations, and blood hyperviscosity play a major role in inducing a prothrombotic state. Therefore, before planning an ART, individual thromboembolic risk should be assessed and thromboprophylaxis offered to high risk patients. Prophylaxis should be initiated in women who develop moderate-to-severe OHSS.
Resumo:
BACKGROUND: Assisted reproductive technology (ART) involves the manipulation of early embryos at a time when they may be particularly vulnerable to external disturbances. Environmental influences during the embryonic and fetal development influence the individual's susceptibility to cardiovascular disease, raising concerns about the potential consequences of ART on the long-term health of the offspring. METHODS AND RESULTS: We assessed systemic (flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery, pulse-wave velocity, and carotid intima-media thickness) and pulmonary (pulmonary artery pressure at high altitude by Doppler echocardiography) vascular function in 65 healthy children born after ART and 57 control children. Flow-mediated dilation of the brachial artery was 25% smaller in ART than in control children (6.7±1.6% versus 8.6±1.7%; P<0.0001), whereas endothelium-independent vasodilation was similar in the 2 groups. Carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity was significantly (P<0.001) faster and carotid intima-media thickness was significantly (P<0.0001) greater in children conceived by ART than in control children. The systolic pulmonary artery pressure at high altitude (3450 m) was 30% higher (P<0.001) in ART than in control children. Vascular function was normal in children conceived naturally during hormonal stimulation of ovulation and in siblings of ART children who were conceived naturally. CONCLUSIONS: Healthy children conceived by ART display generalized vascular dysfunction. This problem does not appear to be related to parental factors but to the ART procedure itself. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00837642.
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Male dominance hierarchies are usually linked to relative body size and to weapon size, that is, to determinants of fighting ability. Secondary sexual characters that are not directly used as weapons could still be linked to dominance if they reveal determination or overall health and vigour and hence, indirectly, fighting ability. We studied the mating behaviour of the minnow, Phoxinus phoxinus, a cyprinid fish in which males develop breeding tubercles during the spawning season. The function of these breeding tubercles is still not clear. Using microsatellite markers, we determined male reproductive success under controlled conditions. The minnows were territorial and quickly established a dominance hierarchy at the beginning of the spawning season. Dominance was strongly and positively linked to fertilization success. Although body size and number of breeding tubercles were not significantly correlated in our sample, both large males and males with many breeding tubercles were more dominant and achieved higher fertilization success than small males or males with few tubercles. We found multimale fertilization in most clutches, suggesting that sperm competition is important in this species. Females showed behaviour that may be linked to spawning decision, that is, male dominance might not be the only determinant of male reproductive success in minnows
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In a weighted spatial network, as specified by an exchange matrix, the variances of the spatial values are inversely proportional to the size of the regions. Spatial values are no more exchangeable under independence, thus weakening the rationale for ordinary permutation and bootstrap tests of spatial autocorrelation. We propose an alternative permutation test for spatial autocorrelation, based upon exchangeable spatial modes, constructed as linear orthogonal combinations of spatial values. The coefficients obtain as eigenvectors of the standardised exchange matrix appearing in spectral clustering, and generalise to the weighted case the concept of spatial filtering for connectivity matrices. Also, two proposals aimed at transforming an acessibility matrix into a exchange matrix with with a priori fixed margins are presented. Two examples (inter-regional migratory flows and binary adjacency networks) illustrate the formalism, rooted in the theory of spectral decomposition for reversible Markov chains.
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The average multipole surface-plasmon energy for simple metals, as well as that of ordinary surface and bulk plasmons, is obtained using energy-weighted moments of the electronic response to sufficiently general external perturbations. A local approximation of exchange and correlation effects is used within a jellium model. Band-structure effects are incorporated through an effective electronic mass. Taking advantage of the transparency of the method, we analyze under what circumstances such modes might be observable. It is shown that due to an interplay between Coulomb and kinetic energies, the multipole modes become unobservable for increasing values of the transferred momentum (q) parallel to the surface. The value of q at which the multipole mode becomes unobservable is much smaller than the cutoff value for Landau damping. The effect of the electronic surface diffuseness is also analyzed. We compare our results with previous density-functional calculations and with recent experimental data for Na, K, and Cs.
