A ilustração enquanto processo e pensamento: autoria e interpretação

A ilustração como expressão, cumprindo o desígnio de comunicar visualmente, é reveladora de um modo específico de processo e pensamento. E pelo facto desse modo se constituir a partir do sentido implícito (do que não é dito), exigindo para se manifestar a participação cognitiva e afectiva do ilustrador, revela marcas de subjectividade e de poética portadoras de soluções narrativas, gráficas e plásticas originais. Essa transmutação entre as linguagens verbal e visual está impregnada de experiências, memórias e conhecimento; de tudo aquilo, enfim, que pelo corpo é percebido e sentido. Por isso se entende que configura, necessariamente, algo novo, já que não existem dois seres organicamente iguais. Tem-se como objectivo desta tese, reflectir sobre a ilustração ficcional enquanto construção de um autor na interpretação do texto de um outro, querendo, deste modo, contribuir para a afirmação do que é hoje a ilustração. Pretende-se, neste percurso, compreender os desígnios que cumpre a ilustração na actualidade e explicar o seu protagonismo no contexto presente do design de comunicação; quer-se ainda evidenciar que a prática da ilustração contamina ou influencia a prática do projecto de design; e que, por seu lado, a prática do projecto de design confere um entendimento distinto à prática da ilustração. As ilustrações que serão aqui objecto de estudo, são aquelas que manifestam um processo em cuja génese está a interpretação e o sentido que o seu autor atribui ao programa, e que se identificam, por isso, como próximas do projecto de design. O trabalho prático desenvolve-se pela selecção de autores que correspondem a esses pressupostos, pela sua entrevista e pela apresentação de projectos da sua autoria que justificam e reforçam a perspectiva teórica. Do confronto entre as respostas e os artefactos produzidos, conclui-se que a ilustração é, na singularidade do seu pensamento e enquanto recurso expressivo, configuradora de inovação semântica para o projecto de design de comunicação.

Educação em ciências no pré-escolar: contributos de um programa de formação de educadores de infância para implementação do trabalho experimental

A educação em ciências em conformidade com as orientações dimanadas do Ministério da Educação deve iniciar-se desde os primeiros anos e por consequência tem de ser uma das áreas a trabalhar no âmbito da educação pré-escolar. No entanto, vários investigadores referem que os educadores não atribuem a devida importância a esta área e explicam que esta postura se pode dever à insegurança científica e didáctica destes profissionais que, por sua vez, pode estar associada à escassez de formação no domínio das ciências durante todo o seu percurso académico. Tendo em conta este contexto, desenvolvemos este estudo de natureza empírica. As questões a que pretendemos dar resposta tinham a ver com: (i) que formação inicial e continuada os educadores tiveram no domínio das ciências?; (ii) quais as suas necessidades para trabalharem esta área no jardim-de-infância?; e (iii) qual o impacte de um programa de formação (PF) nas práticas didáctico-pedagógicas dos educadores? A investigação, de natureza qualitativa, assumiu o formato de estudo de caso e envolveu seis educadoras de infância do Distrito de Bragança. Para desenvolvimento do estudo tivemos em consideração quatro fases: numa primeira começamos por fazer a caracterização das necessidades de formação dos educadores para trabalharem as ciências no pré-escolar; a partir das ideias identificadas concebemos, produzimos e implementamos o PF; posteriormente fizemos o acompanhamento e observação de sessões desenvolvidas pelas educadoras na sala de jardim-deinfância; a quarta fase correspondeu à avaliação do impacte do PF nas práticas didáctico-pedagógicas das educadoras. Utilizámos várias técnicas e instrumentos para recolha dos dados que nos possibilitaram conhecer a formação oferecida aos educadores, ao nível do trabalho experimental de ciências nos cursos de formação inicial e continuada e caracterizar: (i) as concepções sobre CTS antes e após a implementação do PF; e (ii) as práticas didáctico-pedagógicas das educadoras colaboradoras. Os dados recolhidos e, posteriormente, analisados evidenciaram a diminuição do numero de respostas ingénuas permitindo-nos afirmar que o PF contribuiu para que as seis educadoras colaboradoras alterassem as suas concepções sobre CTS e passaram a desenvolver as suas práticas didáctico-pedagógicas na área das ciências de acordo com esta perspectiva. Assim, podemos concluir que o PF teve um impacte muito positivo, pois permitiu às educadoras compreender a importância da abordagem das ciências na educação préescolar e despertar o seu interesse para práticas didáctico-pedagógicas inovadoras com orientação CTS, que privilegiem como estratégia a realização do trabalho prático e experimental. Cotejando minuciosamente o nosso estudo com as opiniões contidas na vasta literatura que compendiámos e revimos, consideramos que este estudo representa um contributo, ainda que modesto, a ter em conta na organização de programas de formação continuada de educadores de infância que vão ao encontro das suas necessidades e que favoreçam o seu desenvolvimento profissional, social e pessoal, opinião que sustentamos por tudo aquilo que dimana e flui, com meridiana clarividência, das conclusões que fomos extraindo ao longo de todo o estudo e consubstanciámos na síntese conclusiva final.

Teacher education in the United Kingdom post devolution: convergences and divergences

This paper examines the roles of research in teacher education across the four nations of the United Kingdom. Both devolution and on-going reviews of teacher education are facilitating a greater degree of cross-national divergence. England is becoming a distinct outlier, in which the locus for teacher education is moving increasingly away from Higher Education Institutions and towards an ever-growing number of school-based providers. While the idea of teaching as a research-based profession is increasingly evident in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales, it seems that England, at least in respect of the political rhetoric, recent reforms and explicit definitions, is fixed on a contrastingly divergent trajectory towards the idea of teaching as a craft-based occupation, with a concomitant emphasis on a (re)turn to the practical. It is recommended that research is urgently needed to plot these divergences and to examine their consequences for teacher education, educational research and professionalism.

Incipient turn-to-turn winding fault diagnosis of power transformers by the on-load exciting current Extended Park`s Vector Approach

This paper presents the application of the on-load exciting current Extended Park's Vector Approach for diagnosing incipient turn-to-turn winding faults in operating power transformers. Experimental and simulated test results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, which is based on the spectral analysis of the AC component of the on-load exciting current Park's Vector modulus.

Small Area Estimation of the Mean Price of the Habitation Transaction in Portugal: Methodological and Practical Issues

The Portuguese National Statistical Institute intends to produce estimations for the mean price of the habitation transation.

Dietary biodiesel-derived crude glycerol in gilthead seabream juveniles (Sparus aurata): effects on growth performance and metabolism

In the European Union the turn towards renewable energy sources has increased the production of biodiesel from rapeseed oil, leaving glycerol (also known as glycerin) as a valuable by-product. For every litre of biodiesel produced, approximately 79 g of crude glycerol are generated. As the biodiesel production grows, the quantity of crude glycerol generated will be considerable and its utilization will become an urgent topic. One possibility is the use of crude glycerol on animal feeds. Glycerol has been evaluated as a dietary energy source for several farm animals, including fish. A study was undertaken to assess the effect of dietary biodiesel-derived glycerol (from rapeseed oil) on the overall growth performance, digestive capacity and metabolic nutrient utilization in juvenile gilthead seabream fed a low fishmeal level diet. Two practical diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (crude protein, 45.4% DM), isolipidic (18.5% DM) and isoenergetic (gross energy, 21.3 kJ/g DM). The control diet (CTRL) was formulated with intermediate levels of marine-derived proteins (19%). In the same basal formulation, 5% glycerol (GLY) was incorporated at the expenses of wheat. Each dietary treatment was tested in triplicate tanks over 63 days, with 20 gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), with a mean initial body weight (IBW) of 27.9  0.12 g. At the end of the trial, fish fed the CTRL diet reached a final body weight of 84.3  2.2 g (more than 3-fold increase of initial body weight). Fish fed the GLY diet showed a significantly higher (P<0.05) growth, expressed in terms of final body weight and specific growth rate. Voluntary feed intake was similar between the two treatments, but both feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio were significantly improved (P<0.05) in fish fed the GLY diet. Dietary glycerol had no effect (P>0.05) on the apparent digestibility of protein. In comparison to the control treatment, dietary glycerol significantly improved (P<0.05) protein and fat retention. Activities of digestive enzymes were significantly affected by the various dietary treatments. Fish fed the GLY diet showed an enhanced activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and pepsin, while activities of lipase and leucine-alanine peptidase (LAP) were little affected by dietary glycerol. Fish show the ability to use crude glycerol as a dietary energy substrate.

M&A und das Synergieversprechen. Wen interessiert's? Entwicklung eines Ansatzes zur Analyse von Aktienkursreaktionen auf M&A-basierte Finanzkommunikation

Die Arbeit entwickelt einen Ansatz, mit dem Aktienkursreaktionen auf Unternehmensmeldungen untersucht werden können. Die Vorgehensweise entstammt der Forschungsfrage, ob Investoren im Sinne einer Kontrollfunktion des Kapitalmarktes angemessen auf Unternehmensmeldungen reagieren, die auf den Stand einer M&A-Integration hinweisen. Vermutet wird, dass Synergieeffekte vom Management im Vorfeld versprochen werden, um M&A-Transaktionen zu rechtfertigen. Anschließend würdigen bzw. kontrollieren Investoren die Entwicklung der Integration jedoch nicht ausreichend. Dies soll bewiesen werden, indem gezeigt wird, dass Kursreaktionen in Form von bereinigten Tagesrenditen und -volatilitäten, Handelsvolumen und Hoch-Tief-Spannen auf M&A-Meldungen vergleichsweise geringer ausfallen. Um eine Vergleichbarkeit von Unternehmensmeldungen verschiedener Gruppen (M&A, Produkte usw.) herstellen zu können, werden die Handlungsanreize der Meldungen mittels der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse kategorisiert. Im Rahmen einer exemplarischen Anwendung zeigte sich, dass der Ansatz, dessen Besonderheit in der systematischen Auswahl probater Beobachtungen liegt, nicht für eine praktische Übertragung geeignet ist. Demnach konnte die Vermutung weder verworfen noch bestätigt werden. Theoretisch kann aufgrund der Betrachtung eines einzelnen Ereignistages, an dem neben der zu untersuchenden Meldung keine weiteren Informationen über das Unternehmen veröffentlicht worden sind, ein relativ starker Kausalitätsbezug zwischen Meldung und Reaktion hergestellt werden. Allerdings bestehen immer noch zu viele Störereignisse und Überlagerungseffekte, die eine kritische Validierung der Ergebnisse verhindern.

O contributo da literacia de informação para a pedagogia universitária : um desafio para as bibliotecas académicas

Tese de doutoramento, Educação (História da Educação), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2014

Principles and Practical Grouping for the Use of Drill and Practice Programs

A previous paper showed that young children performed better when working as individuals rather than in pairs on a drill and practice program. This paper reports an analysis of behaviour and talk for individuals and single sex pairs using a computer-based drill and practice activity to explain differences in performance. Results indicated that individuals were more likely to be task-focused and to complete tasks successfully than children working in pairs. Differences were found in off-task activity, behaviours and type of talk. Grouping and verbal interaction are discussed in relation to the type of task/program that children are asked to undertake, and how both task and peer presence may constrain the child's task focus and performance when reinforcing pre-existing knowledge.

Enhancing Student Learning Experiences in Sport Psychology Modules Using Practical Activities

The University of Worcester states in its most recent strategic plan (2013 – 2018) a set of enduring values that guide and direct the activities of the institution. The first listed, and perhaps the most important value is the striving to be “an outstanding university at which to be a student”. This is further supplemented by values such as “to inspire our students to reach their full potential through excellent, innovative teaching, scholarship and research” (University of Worcester 2013: p.4). One of the many ways in which the institution strives to provide this outstanding educational experience is through regular engagement, both formal and informal, with students at a number of points in each semester. Regular experiences of collating formal and informal feedback has led to the identification of a common theme amongst Higher National Diploma (HND) students in the Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences (ISES), where they consistently request ‘more practicals’. The ISES modules however are designed to incorporate a high degree of interaction, practical activities and tasks. This is especially important for those studying at HND level as research suggests differences in learning preferences exist when compared to undergraduate students, the former preferring a more tactile style of learning (Peters et al. 2008). Using an introductory Sport Psychology HND module as an example, practical activities and tasks are fully embedded in the taught sessions to enable contextual links to be made between the learning outcomes and their subsequent use. Examples of these include: a. interviewing athletes to produce a performance profile (Butler & Hardy 1992); b. completing psychometric instruments such as the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2) to measure competitive anxiety in sport (Martens et al. 1990) and demonstrate data collection and construct measurement; c. performing relaxation interventions on the students to demonstrate how specific techniques (in this instance, decreasing somatic anxiety) might work in practice; d. demonstrating how observational learning facilitates skill acquisition by creating experimental conditions that the students participate in, in teaching a new skill. Nevertheless owing to the students' previously stated on-going requests for more practical activities, it became evident that assumptions about what students consider an effective means of experiential or active learning in the context of sport-related disciplines of study needed to be investigated. This is where the opportunity to undertake an action research project arose, this being a practical method commonly employed in pedagogical enquiry to aid reflection on teaching and assessment practice for the purposes of working towards continuous improvement.

A Practical Approach to Using Motion Capture in Performance Dance

Markerless systems are becoming more ubiquitous due to their increased use in video games consoles. Cheap cameras and software suites are making motion capture technologies more freely available to the digitally inclined choreographer. In this workshop we will demonstrate the opportunities and limitations provided by easily accessible and relatively inexpensive markerless motion capture systems. In particular we will explore the capacity of these systems to provide useful data in a live performance scenario where the latency, size and format of the captured data is crucial in allowing real-time processing and visualisation of the captured scene

Changing climate, changing decisions : understanding climate adaptation decision-making and the way science supports it

Tese de doutoramento, Ciências do Ambiente, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2015

Law’s spatial turn: geography, justice and a certain fear of space

This is a critical reading of the current literature on law and geography. The article argues that the literature is characterized by an undertheorization of the concept of space. The focus is either on the specific geography of law in the form of jurisdiction, or as a simple terminological innovation. Instead, the article suggests that law’s spatial turn ought to consider space as a singular parameter to the hitherto legal preoccupation with time, history and waiting. This forces law into dealing with a new, peculiarly spatial kind of uncertainty in terms of simultaneity, disorientation, materiality and exclusionary corporeal emplacement. The main area in which this undertheorization forcefully manifests itself is that of spatial justice. Despite its critical potential, the concept has been reduced by the majority of the relevant literature into another version of social, distributive or regional justice. On the contrary, if the peculiar characteristics of space are to be taken into account, a concept of justice will have to be rethought on a much more fundamental level than that.