SEU ground and flight data in static random access memories

This paper presents the vulnerabilities of single event effects (SEEs) simulated by heavy ions on ground and observed oil SJ-5 research satellite in space for static random access memories (SRAMs). A single event upset (SEU) prediction code has been used to estimate the proton-induced upset rates based oil the ground test curve of SEU cross-section versus heavy ion linear energy transfer (LET). The result agrees with that of the flight data.

A high performance Time-of-Flight detector applied to isochronous mass measurement at CSRe

A high performance Time-of-Flight detector has been designed and constructed for isochronous mass spectrometry at the experimental Cooler Storage Ring (CSRe) The detector has been successfully used in an experiment to measure the masses of the N approximate to Z approximate to 33 nuclides near the proton drip-line Of particular interest is the mass of As-65 A maximum detection efficiency of 70% and a time resolution of 118 +/- 8 Ps (FWHM) have been achieved in the experiment The dependence of detection efficiency and signal average pulse height (APH) on atomic number Z has been studied The potential of APH for Z identification has been discussed (C) 2010 Elsevier B V All rights reserved

Characterization of complex hydrocarbons in cigarette smoke condensate by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with electron ionization and positive-ion chemical ionization and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-TOF-MS) were applied for the characterization of the chemical composition of complex hydrocarbons in the non-polar neutral fraction of cigarette smoke condensates. Automated data processing by TOF-MS software combined with structured chromatograms and manual review of library hits were used to assign the components from GC x GC-TOF-MS analysis. The distributions of aliphatic hydrocarbons and aromatics were also investigated. Over 100 isoprenoid hydrocarbons were detected, including carotene degradation products, phytadiene isomers and carbocyclic diterpenoids. A total of 1800 hydrocarbons were tentatively identified, including aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatics, and isoprenoid hydrocarbons. The identified hydrocarbons by GC x GC-TOF-MS were far more than those by GC-MS. (C) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of pyrimethanil myristic salt (C26H41N3O2)

Pyrimethanil myristic salt was synthesized and its heat capacities were measured with an automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from T = (79 to 360) K. The melting point, molar enthalpy, Delta(fus)H(m) and entropy, Delta(fus)S(m), of fusion of this compound were determined to be (321.84 +/- 0.05) K, (56.53 +/- 0.03) kJ . mol(-1) and (175.64 +/- 0.05) J . mol(-1) . K-1, respectively. The purity of the compound was calculated to be 98.99 mol% by using the fractional melting technique. The thermodynamic functions relative to the reference temperature, T = 298.15 K, were calculated based on the heat capacity measurements in the temperature ranges from T = (80 to 360) K. The TG-DTG results demonstrate that the mass loss of the sample takes place in one step with the maximum rate at T = 500 K, which was caused by evaporation of the sample. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of crystalline ornidazole (C7H10ClN3O3)

The molar heat capacities of 1-(2-hydroxy-3-chloropropyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (Ornidazole) (C7H10CIN3O3) with purity of 99.72mol% were measured with an adiabatic calorimeter in the temperature range between 79 and 380K. The melting-point temperature, molar enthalpy Delta(fus)H(m), and entropy, Delta(fus)S(m), of fusion of this compound were determined to be 358.59 +/- 0.04K, 21.38 +/- 0.02 kJ mol(-1) and 59.61 +/- 0.05 J K-1 mol(-1), respectively, from fractional melting experiments. The thermodynamic function data relative to the reference temperature (298.15 K) were calculated based on the heat capacities measurements in the temperature range from 80 to 380 K. The thermal stability of the compound was further investigated by DSC and TG. From the DSC curve an intensive exothermic peak assigned to the thermal decomposition of the compound was observed in the range of 445-590 K with the peak temperature of 505 K. Subsequently, a slow exothermic effect appears when the temperature is higher than 590 K, which is probably due to the further decomposition of the compound. The TG curve indicates the mass loss of the sample starts at about 440K, which corresponds to the decomposition of the sample. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Heat capacity and enthalpy of fusion of penconazole (C13H15C12N3)

Low-temperature heat capacities of penconazole (C13H15Cl2N3) were precisely measured with an automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature rang from 78 to 364 K. The sample was observed to melt at 332.38 +/- 0.06 K. The molar enthalpy and entropy of fusion of the compound were determined to be 33580 +/- 11 J mol(-1), 101.03 +/- 0.02 J mol(-1) K-1, respectively. Further research of the melting process for this compound was carried out by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique. The result was in agreement with that obtained from the measurements of heat capacities. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Low-temperature heat capacity and thermodynamic properties of crystalline carboxin (C12H13NO2S)

Carboxin was synthesized and its heat capacities were measured with an automated adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range from 79 to 380K. The melting point, molar enthalpy (Delta(fus)H(m)) and entropy (Delta(fus)S(m)) of fusion of this compound were determined to be 365.29 +/- 0.06K, 28.193 +/- 0.09 kJ mol(-1) and 77.180 +/- 0.02 J mol(-1) K-1, respectively. The purity of the compound was determined to be 99.55 mol% by using the fractional melting technique. The thermodynamic functions relative to the reference temperature (298.15 K) were calculated based on the heat capacity measurements in the temperature range between 80 and 360 K. The thermal stability of the compound was further investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. The DSC curve indicates that the sample starts to decompose at ca. 290degreesC with the peak temperature at 292.7degreesC. The TG-DTG results demonstrate the maximum mass loss rate occurs at 293degreesC corresponding to the maximum decomposition rate. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved.

Low-temperature heat capacity and standard molar enthalpy of formation of 9-fluorenemethanol (C14H12O)

Low-temperature heat capacities of the 9-fluorenemethanol (C14H12O) have been precisely measured with a small sample automatic adiabatic calorimeter over the temperature range between T = 78 K and T = 390 K. The solid-liquid phase transition of the compound has been observed to be T-fus = (376.567 +/- 0.012) K from the heat-capacity measurements. The molar enthalpy and entropy of the melting of the substance were determined to be Delta(fus)H(m) = (26.273 +/- 0.013) kJ (.) mol(-1) and Delta(fus)S(m) = (69.770 +/- 0.035) J (.) K-1 (.) mol(-1). The experimental values of molar heat capacities in solid and liquid regions have been fitted to two polynomial equations by the least squares method. The constant-volume energy and standard molar enthalpy of combustion of the compound have been determined, Delta(c)U(C14H12O, s) = -(7125.56 +/- 4.62) kJ (.) mol(-1) and Delta(c)H(m)degrees(C14H12O, s) = -(7131.76 +/- 4.62) kJ (.) mol(-1), by means of a homemade precision oxygen-bomb combustion calorimeter at T = (298.15 +/- 0.001) K. The standard molar enthalpy of formation of the compound has been derived, Delta(f)H(m)degrees (C14H12O, s) = -(92.36 +/- 0.97) kJ (.) mol(-1), from the standard molar enthalpy of combustion of the compound in combination with other auxiliary thermodynamic quantities through a Hess thermochemical cycle. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.