Development of a New Transform:MRT

Fourier transform methods are employed heavily in digital signal processing. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is among the most commonly used digital signal transforms. The exponential kernel of the DFT has the properties of symmetry and periodicity. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) methods for fast DFT computation exploit these kernel properties in different ways. In this thesis, an approach of grouping data on the basis of the corresponding phase of the exponential kernel of the DFT is exploited to introduce a new digital signal transform, named the M-dimensional Real Transform (MRT), for l-D and 2-D signals. The new transform is developed using number theoretic principles as regards its specific features. A few properties of the transform are explored, and an inverse transform presented. A fundamental assumption is that the size of the input signal be even. The transform computation involves only real additions. The MRT is an integer-to-integer transform. There are two kinds of redundancy, complete redundancy & derived redundancy, in MRT. Redundancy is analyzed and removed to arrive at a more compact version called the Unique MRT (UMRT). l-D UMRT is a non-expansive transform for all signal sizes, while the 2-D UMRT is non-expansive for signal sizes that are powers of 2. The 2-D UMRT is applied in image processing applications like image compression and orientation analysis. The MRT & UMRT, being general transforms, will find potential applications in various fields of signal and image processing.

Structural Characterization and Non-linear Optical Properties of Metal Complexes of Some Donor-Acceptor Substituted N-salicylidene-N' -aroylhydrazine Ligands

The present work deals with the complexation of Schiff bases of aroylhydrazines with various transition metal ions. The hydrazone systems selected for study have long 7I:-delocalized chain in the ligand molecule itself, which get intensified due to metal-to-ligand or ligand-to-metal charge transfer excitations upon coordination. Complexation with metal ions like copper, nickel, cobalt, manganese, iron, zinc and cadmium are tried. Various spectral techniques are employed for characterization. The structures of some complexes have been well established by single crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The nonIinaer optical studies of the ligands and complexes synthesized have been studied by hyper-Rayleigh scattering technique.The work is presented in seven chapters and the last one deals with summary and conclusion. One of the hydrazone system selected for study proved that it could give rise to polymeric metal complexes. Some of the copper, nickel, zinc and cadmium complexes showed non-linear optical activity. The NLO studies of manganese and iron showed negative result, may be due to the inversion centre of symmetry within the molecular lattice.

Model of single-electron decay from a strongly isolated quantum dot

Recent measurements of electron escape from a nonequilibrium charged quantum dot are interpreted within a two-dimensional (2D) separable model. The confining potential is derived from 3D self-consistent Poisson-Thomas-Fermi calculations. It is found that the sequence of decay lifetimes provides a sensitive test of the confining potential and its dependence on electron occupation

Studies on magnetic monopole solutions of non-abelian gauge theories and related problems

In 1931 Dirac studied the motion of an electron in the field of a magnetic monopole and found that the quantization of electric charge can be explained by postulating the mere existence of a magnetic monopole. Since 1974 there has been a resurgence of interest in magnetic monopole due to the work of ‘t’ Hooft and Polyakov who independently observed that monopoles can exist as finite energy topologically stable solutions to certain spontaneously broken gauge theories. The thesis, “Studies on Magnetic Monopole Solutions of Non-abelian Gauge Theories and Related Problems”, reports a systematic investigation of classical solutions of non-abelian gauge theories with special emphasis on magnetic monopoles and dyons which possess both electric and magnetic charges. The formation of bound states of a dyon with fermions and bosons is also studied in detail. The thesis opens with an account of a new derivation of a relationship between the magnetic charge of a dyon and the topology of the gauge fields associated with it. Although this formula has been reported earlier in the literature, the present method has two distinct advantages. In the first place, it does not depend either on the mechanism of symmetry breaking or on the nature of the residual symmetry group. Secondly, the results can be generalized to finite temperature monopoles.

“Seaweed exudates and settlement behaviour of sedentary organisms"

The present investigation has looked exclusively into the aspect of the biological phenomenon of settling behaviour by two serious fouling offenders encountered in the tropical seas mainly on the hulls of ships and stationary structures in the harbours. The cue to study the behaviour was adopted from the observations so far made by scientists on the epizoic growth of these organisms on the surfaces of algal fronds of variegated shape, texture, size etc. The results do indicate that there are sufficient qualities of bioactive substances produced by plants occupying the lowest categories in organic evolution and curiously enough these substances have withstood the test of time.

Conformal FDTD analysis of an Octagonal Microstrip Patch antenna

The recent boom in wireless communication industry, especially in the area of cellular telephony and wireless data communication, has led to the increased demand for multi band antennas. In such applications the issues to be addressed are, wide bandwidth and gain, while striving for miniature geometry. A dual frequency configuration useful in GSM1800 and Blue tooth, is one that operates with similar properties, both in terms of reflection and radiation characteristics, in the two bands of interest. Dual frequency operations can be realized by exciting the Microstrip Patch Antenna (MPA) using a single feed [1] or dual feed [2]. In this paper, Conformal FDTD[3] method with Perfect Magnetic Conductor (PMC) applied along the plane of symmetry [4] is used to study the characteristics of an Octagonal MPA. The theoretical results are compared against the experimental and IE3D™ simulated results

X-Ray Crysatllographic and Vibrational Spectroscopic Studies of Thorium Bromate Hydrate

Th(BrO3)3·H2O single crystals were grown from its aqueous solution at room temperature. Single crystal XRD, Raman and FTIR techniques were used to investigate the crystal structure. The crystal structure was solved by Patterson method. The as grown crystals are in monoclinic system with space group P21/c. The unit cell parameters are a = 12.8555(18) Å, b = 7.8970(11) Å, c = 9.0716(10) Å,  = 90°,  = 131.568° and  = 90° and unit cell volume is 689.1(2) Å3. Z = 8, R factor is 5.9. The Raman and FTIR studies indicate the lowering of symmetry of bromate anion from C3V to C1. Hydrogen bonds with varying strengths are present in the crystal. The centrosymmetric space group P21/c of the crystal is confirmed by the non-coincidence of majority of Raman and IR bands

Precision laser spectroscopy of the ground state hyperfine splitting of hydrogenlike ^209 Bi^82+

The first direct observation of a hyperfine splitting in the optical regime is reported. The wavelength of the M1 transition between the F = 4 and F = 5 hyperfine levels of the ground state of hydrogenlike ^209 Bi^82+ was measured to be \lamda_0 = 243.87(4) nm by detection of laser induced fluorescence at the heavy-ion storage ring ESR at GSI. In addition, the lifetime of the laser excited F = 5 sublevel was determined to be \tau_0 = 0.351(16) ms. The method can be applied to a number of other nuclei and should allow a novel test of QED corrections in the previously unexplored combination of strong magnetic and electric fields in highly charged ions.

From evolution to co-evolution – An empirical study of the role of innovation, policy and public research in industrial dynamics

In the past decades since Schumpeter’s influential writings economists have pursued research to examine the role of innovation in certain industries on firm as well as on industry level. Researchers describe innovations as the main trigger of industry dynamics, while policy makers argue that research and education are directly linked to economic growth and welfare. Thus, research and education are an important objective of public policy. Firms and public research are regarded as the main actors which are relevant for the creation of new knowledge. This knowledge is finally brought to the market through innovations. What is more, policy makers support innovations. Both actors, i.e. policy makers and researchers, agree that innovation plays a central role but researchers still neglect the role that public policy plays in the field of industrial dynamics. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to learn more about the interdependencies of innovation, policy and public research in industrial dynamics. The overarching research question of this dissertation asks whether it is possible to analyze patterns of industry evolution – from evolution to co-evolution – based on empirical studies of the role of innovation, policy and public research in industrial dynamics. This work starts with a hypothesis-based investigation of traditional approaches of industrial dynamics. Namely, the testing of a basic assumption of the core models of industrial dynamics and the analysis of the evolutionary patterns – though with an industry which is driven by public policy as example. Subsequently it moves to a more explorative approach, investigating co-evolutionary processes. The underlying questions of the research include the following: Do large firms have an advantage because of their size which is attributable to cost spreading? Do firms that plan to grow have more innovations? What role does public policy play for the evolutionary patterns of an industry? Are the same evolutionary patterns observable as those described in the ILC theories? And is it possible to observe regional co-evolutionary processes of science, innovation and industry evolution? Based on two different empirical contexts – namely the laser and the photovoltaic industry – this dissertation tries to answer these questions and combines an evolutionary approach with a co-evolutionary approach. The first chapter starts with an introduction of the topic and the fields this dissertation is based on. The second chapter provides a new test of the Cohen and Klepper (1996) model of cost spreading, which explains the relationship between innovation, firm size and R&D, at the example of the photovoltaic industry in Germany. First, it is analyzed whether the cost spreading mechanism serves as an explanation for size advantages in this industry. This is related to the assumption that the incentives to invest in R&D increase with the ex-ante output. Furthermore, it is investigated whether firms that plan to grow will have more innovative activities. The results indicate that cost spreading serves as an explanation for size advantages in this industry and, furthermore, growth plans lead to higher amount of innovative activities. What is more, the role public policy plays for industry evolution is not finally analyzed in the field of industrial dynamics. In the case of Germany, the introduction of demand inducing policy instruments stimulated market and industry growth. While this policy immediately accelerated market volume, the effect on industry evolution is more ambiguous. Thus, chapter three analyzes this relationship by considering a model of industry evolution, where demand-inducing policies will be discussed as a possible trigger of development. The findings suggest that these instruments can take the same effect as a technical advance to foster the growth of an industry and its shakeout. The fourth chapter explores the regional co-evolution of firm population size, private-sector patenting and public research in the empirical context of German laser research and manufacturing over more than 40 years from the emergence of the industry to the mid-2000s. The qualitative as well as quantitative evidence is suggestive of a co-evolutionary process of mutual interdependence rather than a unidirectional effect of public research on private-sector activities. Chapter five concludes with a summary, the contribution of this work as well as the implications and an outlook of further possible research.

3D Object Recognition: Symmetry and Virtual Views

Many 3D objects in the world around us are strongly constrained. For instance, not only cultural artifacts but also many natural objects are bilaterally symmetric. Thoretical arguments suggest and psychophysical experiments confirm that humans may be better in the recognition of symmetric objects. The hypothesis of symmetry-induced virtual views together with a network model that successfully accounts for human recognition of generic 3D objects leads to predictions that we have verified with psychophysical experiments.

iSpring Pro test - Turnitin

Just a test of the iSpring Pro software that converts rich PowerPoint presentations to HTML5

Role of the cultural values as a key part in the implementing of healthy practices : exploratory research

El concepto de organización saludable cada vez toma más fuerza en el ámbito empresarial y académico, a razón de su enfoque integral y al impacto generado en distintos grupos de interés. Debido a su reciente consolidación como concepto, existe un limitado cuerpo de investigación en torno al tema. Para contribuir a la generación de conocimiento en este sentido, se desarrolló un estudio exploratorio el cual tenía como objetivo identificar la relación existente entre la implementación de prácticas saludables en las organizaciones y los valores culturales. En el estudio participaron 66 sujetos a quienes se les administró un cuestionario compuesto por nueve variables, cinco provenientes del modelo de Hofstede (1980) y cuatro más que evaluaban la implementación de prácticas organizacionales saludables. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que los valores culturales predicen la implementación de prácticas saludables.

Determination of the Anthropometric and Physical Qualities Profile in Footballers Children of Bogotá

Objective. The objective of this study is to define the profile anthropometric and of basic physical qualities, in 306 children in 7-16 yearold ages. Method. Is carried out anthropometric mensurations of weight (kg) and it height (m), IMC (weight (kg)/it height (m2), percentage of corporal fat, besides the test of Course Navatte, horizontal jump without impulse, Sit and Reach to each one of the fellows. Results. The results were analyzed from the statistical point of view with measures of central tendency, you uses the stocking, the typical standard deviation as I calculate of variability, with a p <0,05 like significant difference. You identifies the variable anthropometric and of physical qualities finding differences in the population as for the percentage of corporal fat, the power aerobic, the flexibility and the explosive force in inferior members. Conclusions. Differences are shown in the opposing values and this can be influenced, for nutritional, socioeconomic factors and for the type of used training.

Validación diagnóstica del test neural 1 para el síndrome de túnel del carpo

El objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una prueba de validez diagnostica del test neural 1 para el diagnóstico del Síndrome de Túnel del Carpo (STC) utilizando como prueba de referencia o de oro el test de conducción nerviosa. En este estudio participaron 115 sujetos, 230 manos con sospecha clínica de STC quienes fueron evaluados con el test de conducción nerviosa y el test neural 1. Se encontró una sensibilidad del 93.0% (IC 95%:88,21-96,79) y una especificidad del 6,67% (IC 95%:0,0-33,59), razón de verosimilitud positiva fue de 1,00 y razón de verosimilitud negativa de 1,05. Valor predictivo positivo de 86,9% y un valor predictivo negativo de 12,5%. Se concluye que el test neural 1 es una prueba clínica de alta sensibilidad y baja especificidad de gran utilidad para el monitoreo e identificación del STC. Es un procedimiento para el diagnóstico clínico de bajo costo que puede incluirse en los exámenes de rutina de los trabajadores como complemento a las pruebas clínicas sugeridas por las Gatiso para dar mayor precisión a la identificación temprana del STC. Se sugiere combinarla con otros test de mayor especificidad para ser aplicada en trabajadores en condiciones de riesgo o que presenten síntomas en miembros superiores y realizar otros estudios en donde participen sujetos sin diagnóstico clínico del STC.

Propiedades psicométricas del test de competencias motoras Bruininks Oseretsky en versión corta para niños entre 4 y 7 años en Chía y Bogotá – Colombia.

Existen importantes pruebas de valoración que miden habilidades o competencias motoras en el niño; a pesar de ello Colombia carece de estudios que demuestren la validez y la confiabilidad de un test de medición que permita emitir un juicio valorativo relacionado con las competencias motoras infantiles, teniendo presente que la intervención debe basarse en la rigurosidad que exigen los procesos de valoración y evaluación del movimiento corporal. Objetivo. El presente estudio se centró en determinar las propiedades psicométricas del test de competencias motoras Bruininiks Oseretsky –BOT 2- segunda edición. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una evaluación de pruebas diagnósticas con 24 niños aparentemente sanos de ambos géneros, entre 4 y 7 años, residentes en las ciudades de Chía y Bogotá. La evaluación fue realizada por 3 evaluadores expertos; el análisis para consistencia interna se realizó utilizando el Coeficiente Alfa de Cronbach, el análisis de reproducibilidad se estableció a través del Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase –CCI- y para el análisis de la validez concurrente se utilizó el Coeficiente de Correlación de Pearson, considerando un alfa=0.05. Resultados. Para la totalidad de las pruebas, se encontraron altos índices de confiabilidad y validez. Conclusiones. El BOT 2 es un instrumento válido y confiable, que puede ser utilizado para la evaluación e identificación del nivel de desarrollo en que se encuentran las competencias motoras en el niño.