Análise do desempenho motor e sua relação com status social em crianças de uma escola

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário

The role of social cognition and motor imagery in gesture processing: a patients' study

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Psicologia

Learning joint representations for order and timing of perceptual-motor sequences: a dynamic neural field approach

Many of our everyday tasks require the control of the serial order and the timing of component actions. Using the dynamic neural field (DNF) framework, we address the learning of representations that support the performance of precisely time action sequences. In continuation of previous modeling work and robotics implementations, we ask specifically the question how feedback about executed actions might be used by the learning system to fine tune a joint memory representation of the ordinal and the temporal structure which has been initially acquired by observation. The perceptual memory is represented by a self-stabilized, multi-bump activity pattern of neurons encoding instances of a sensory event (e.g., color, position or pitch) which guides sequence learning. The strength of the population representation of each event is a function of elapsed time since sequence onset. We propose and test in simulations a simple learning rule that detects a mismatch between the expected and realized timing of events and adapts the activation strengths in order to compensate for the movement time needed to achieve the desired effect. The simulation results show that the effector-specific memory representation can be robustly recalled. We discuss the impact of the fast, activation-based learning that the DNF framework provides for robotics applications.

Desenvolvimento de um Controlador com DSP para um Motor CA de 30 kW para o CEPIUM

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Eletrónica Industrial e Computadores

Stress-triggered synaptic malfunction: a gate along the path from depressionto dementia

Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências da Saúde.

Pulse wave velocity distribution in a cohort study: from arterial stiffness to early vascular aging

BACKGROUND: By contrast with other southern European people, north Portuguese population registers an especially high prevalence of hypertension and stroke incidence. We designed a cohort study to identify individuals presenting accelerated and premature arterial aging in the Portuguese population. METHOD: Pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured in randomly sampled population dwellers aged 18-96 years from northern Portugal, and used as a marker of early vascular aging (EVA). Of the 3038 individuals enrolled, 2542 completed the evaluation. RESULTS: Mean PWV value for the entire population was 8.4?m/s (men: 8.6?m/s; women: 8.2?m/s; P??10?m/s). Logistic regression models indicated gender differences concerning the risk of developing large artery damage, with women having the same odds of PWV above 10?m/s 10 years later than men. CONCLUSION: The population PWV values were higher than expected in a low cardiovascular risk area (Portugal). High prevalence rates of EVA and noteworthy large artery damage in young ages were found.

Angular velocity and acceleration

In this chapter, a complete characterization of the angular velocity and angular acceleration for rigid bodies in spatial multibody systems are presented. For both cases, local and global formulations are described taking into account the advantages of using Euler parameters. In this process, the transformation between global and local components of the angular velocity and time derivative of the Euler parameters are analyzed and discussed in this chapter.

Fetal tachyarrhythmia with 1:1 atrioventricular conduction. Adenosine infusion in the umbilical vein as a diagnostic test

This is the report of a case of fetal tachyarrhythmia with 1:1 atrioventricular conduction detected by pre-natal echocardiography in a fetus at 25-weeks gestation. Adenosine infusion via cordocentesis was performed as a diagnostic test to differentiate between atrioventricular nodal reentrant supraventricular tachyarrhythmia and atrial flutter. After infusion, transient 2:1 atrioventricular dissociation was obtained and the diagnosis of atrial flutter was made. Transplacental therapy with digoxin and amiodarone was then successfully used.

Desenvolvimento de um motor BMW para servir de Range Extender

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Mecânica

Avaliação do funcionamento de um motor diesel com biodiesel

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Engenharia Mecânica

A new proposal to guide velocity and inclination in the ramp protocol for the treadmill ergometer

OBJECTIVE: To suggest criteria to guide protocol prescription in ramp treadmill testing, according to sex and age, based on velocity, inclination, and max VO2 reached by the population studied. METHODS: Prospective study describing heart rate (HR), time, velocity, inclination, and VO2 estimated at maximum effort of 1840 individuals from 4 to 79 years old, who performed a treadmill test (TT) according to the ramp protocol. A paired Student t test was used to assess the difference between predicted and reached max VO2, calculated according to the formulas of the "American College of Sports Medicine". RESULTS: Submaximal HR was surpassed in 90.1% of the examinations, with a mean time of 10.0±2.0 minute. Initial and peak inclination velocity of the exercise and max VO2 were inversely proportional to age and were greater in male patients. Predicted Max VO2 was significantly lower than that reached in all patients, except for female children and adolescents (age < 20 years old). CONCLUSION: Use of velocity, inclination, and maximum VO2 actually reached, as a criterion in prescribing the ramp protocol may help in the performance of exercise in treadmill testing. The ramp protocol was well accepted in all age groups and sexes with exercise time within the programmed 8 to 12 minutes.

Relationship between estimation and real motor performance in school-age children

The relationship between estimated and real motor competences was analyzed for several tasks. Participants were 303 children (160 boys and 143 girls), which had between 6 and 10 years of age (M=8.63, SD=1.16). None of the children presented developmental difficulties or learning disabilities, and all attended age-appropriate classes. Children were divided into three groups according to their age: group 1 (N= 102; age range: 6.48-8.01 years); group 2 (N= 101; age range: 8.02-9.22 years); and group 3 (N=100; age range: 9.24-10.93 years). Children were asked to predict their maximum distance for a locomotor, a manipulative, and a balance task, prior to performing those tasks. Children’s estimations were compared with their real performance to determine their accuracy. Children had, in general, a tendency to overestimate their performance (standing long jump: 56.11%, kicking: 63.37%, throwing: 73.60%, and Walking Backwards (WB) on a balance beam: 45.21%), and older children tended to be more accurate, except for the manipulative tasks. Furthermore, the relationship between estimation and real performance in children with different levels of motor coordination (Köperkoordinationstest für Kinder, KTK) was analyzed. The 75 children with the highest score comprised the Highest Motor Coordination (HMC) group, and the 78 children with the lowest score were placed in the Lowest Motor Coordination (LMC) group. There was a tendency for LMC and HMC children to overestimate their skills at all tasks, except for the HMC group at the WB task. Children with the HMC level tended to be more accurate when predicting their motor performance; however, differences in absolute percent error were only significant for the throwing and WB tasks. In conclusion, children display a tendency to overestimate their performance independently of their motor coordination level and task. This fact may be determinant to the development of their motor competences, since they are more likely to engage and persist in motor tasks, but it might also increase the occurrence of unintended injuries.

Estudio y optimización estructural del comportamiento termomecanico de un motor monopropelente

El presente trabajo contempla el estudio del comportamiento termomecánico de un motor monopropelente, cuyo funcionamiento se basa en la descomposición catalítica del combustible, produciendo la gasificación del mismo, con su consecuente generación de calor. Estos gases, al ser conducidos convenientemente a través de una tobera con el fin de generar su apropiada expansión, producirán la acción deseada. Un diseño erróneo del sistema de alimentación podría producir el acortamiento de la vida útil del catalizador, la degradación de los sellos de la válvula, vaporizaciones indeseadas del propelente, etc.El objetivo que se persigue es construir un modelo computacional que permita visualizar el comportamiento conjunto de los diversos fenómenos, la influencia de los diversos componentes y su interacción, a fin de identificar los elementos críticos, y poder así tomar acciones correctivas u operar sobre aspectos de diseño del sistema para un mejor acondicionamiento del combustible. Para la aplicación del método, se modelizarán cada uno de los fenómenos que gobiernan el comportamiento del sistema y se les codificará en lenguaje de programación, prestando especial atención al comportamiento del fluido tanto en régimen estable como durante los transitorios. Una vez validado el programa se correrán simulaciones para determinar la influencia de los parámetros básicos de diseño sobre los procesos termomecánicos mediante un análisis de sensitividad, a fin de mitigar los posibles efectos adversos. Sin embargo, durante la ejecución de proyectos de ingeniería de este tipo, una de las cuestiones de mayor importancia es el uso racional de materiales. Una adecuada utilización de los mismos tiene diversas ventajas, dentro de las cuales podemos citar como a las de mayor relevancia a: (i) mejor aprovechamiento de las capacidades de los materiales, (ii) elementos estructurales de menor tamaño, lo que genera una economía de espacio, (iii) menor costo económico y financiero del proyecto y (iv) menor impacto ambiental. En este sentido, una de las maneras más difundidas para el uso racional de materiales es, utilizar materiales con propiedades constitutivas que se adapten mejor a las características del proyecto en desarrollo. Sin embargo, cuando se está frente a la imposibilidad de cambiar de material o mejorar las propiedades existentes, es importante comenzar a utilizar otras metodologías que permitan un mejor aprovechamiento del mismo. Aquí surge naturalmente la necesidad de introducir cambios en la forma de los componentes estructurales que integran el proyecto ejecutivo. Para realizar una adecuada optimización de los componentes estructurales, es necesario previamente definir cual o cuales van a ser las características a optimizar y como van a ser medidas esas características durante el proceso de análisis. Por lo tanto, se propone aplicar el análisis de sensibilidad topológica para problemas termo-mecánicos para optimizar los componentes estructurales del motor.

Chromatic responses in human visual cortex : effects of color, velocity and contrast

fMRI, color, colour, velocity, speed, contrast, cone contrast, V1, V4, hV4, MT, MT+, V3A, BOLD, Retinotopic Mapping, Contrast Response Function