Enamel microabrasion: an overview of clinical and scientific considerations

Superficial stains and irregularities of the enamel are generally what prompt patients to seek dental intervention to improve their smile. These stains or defects may be due to hypoplasia, amelogenesis imperfecta, mineralized white spots, or fluorosis, for which enamel microabrasion is primarily indicated. Enamel microabrasion involves the use of acidic and abrasive agents, such as with 37% phosphoric acid and pumice or 6% hydrochloric acid and silica, applied to the altered enamel surface with mechanical pressure from a rubber cup coupled to a rotatory mandrel of a low-rotation micromotor. If necessary, this treatment can be safely combined with bleaching for better esthetic results. Recent studies show that microabrasion is a conservative treatment when the enamel wear is minimal and clinically imperceptible. The most important factor contributing to the success of enamel microabrasion is the depth of the defect, as deeper, opaque stains, such as those resulting from hypoplasia, cannot be resolved with microabrasion, and require a restorative approach. Surface enamel alterations that result from microabrasion, such as roughness and microhardness, are easily restored by saliva. Clinical studies support the efficacy and longevity of this safe and minimally invasive treatment. The present article presents the clinical and scientific aspects concerning the microabrasion technique, and discusses the indications for and effects of the treatment, including recent works describing microscopic and clinical evaluations.

Disponibilidade de n e k no solo e sua absorção pela videira de vinho fertirrigada no semiárido

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Irrigação e Drenagem) - FCA

A função autor e a crônica esportiva no Brasil: representações da Copa do Mundo em alguns jornais paulistas e cariocas

From the 1990s, Brazilian newspapers began to refer to the convening of different personalities to comment on the World Cup soccer in their sports pages. This article seeks to examine this phenomenon under the notion that the French philosopher Michel Foucault called the “author function” - one that establishes the existence, circulation and functioning of certain discourses within a specific audience.

A Copa do Mundo de 2010 entre o jornalismo e o entretenimento: uma análise do Central da Copa, da TV Globo

The proposed paper aims to understand and analyze how the sporting television journalism has changed in Brazil, affecting the coverage of major events like the World Cup. The impact of these changes are reflected in the use of interactivity, entertainment and presentation of news, in pictures and on television news programs inserted in Brazilian TV News. The study proposes to analyze, through theories of journalism and content analysis, as two seemingly opposing concepts (journalism and entertainment) were put into perspective by the Central Cup television program, aired during the year 2010 by Globo television, on the occasion of the World Cup in South Africa.

Esses cronistas de futebol e suas fábulas maravilhosas: a copa do mundo de 1998 na grande imprensa brasileira

This paper is focused on the reading of the texts of writers who collaborated with the leading newspapers of the Rio-São Paulo (represented here by the daily O Estado de S. Paulo, Folha de S. Paulo, O Globo and Jornal do Brasil) in coverage Football World Cup 1998, held in France. This tournament crystallized a growing trend from print to the Brazilian season: the convening of writers and chroniclers of notebooks from culture to comment on the matches of the World Cup. Here we analyze how these writers and their chronicles and columns permeated by the poetic and metalinguistic functions, enriched the sports pages with reports, stories or comments imagery, subjective and even fictional about football, a phenomenon that is countered, so the search for the referent and journalistic impartiality

Interfaces de notícias táteis em conteúdos gamificados contemporâneos

The construction methods of information lean on in variable models in the contemporary, especially by the diversity of languages and platforms offered. Among the innovations we find a growth of the gamification effect in the representation or reinforcement of the news, seizing the moment entertainment to increase user engagement. This research presents, from a case study published by The New York Times on the information complement referring to the World Cup Brazil 2014, studies of the importance of the interface in the broadcasting of informative contents, especially in a society where the tactile sensation is growing.

Análise da assimetria nas ações motoras em atletas profissionais de futsal

Lateral asymmetries are in everywhere as well as in all movements made by man, which become more evident in movements of sport. The asymmetry is particularly pointed out in futsal when players, even with clear opportunity of making use of their non-preferred foot, try to place the ball in order to execute the action with their preferred foot. The study of asymmetry in futsal is quite relevant, once ambidextrous players present advantages in their performances during a match, which can help futsal athletes not only in their performance improvement but also with the prescription of training. For this reason, the present study had questioned: is there symmetry/asymmetry at the performance of lower contralateral limbs during actions with the possession ball (pass, receiving a ball and kick into the goal) during a futsal match? Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the symmetry/asymmetry using the preferred and non-preferred foot in actions with the possession ball (pass, receiving and shoot) in adult Futsal's players (professional). The winner team of eight matches of the 2012 FIFA Futsal World Cup was analyzed. An average of 75 players had all their actions (pass, receiving a ball and shot on goal) using their lower limbs during the match analyzed. However, their actions with the head and torso were not analyzed. The games were acquired through a television broadcast. All eight matches were followed by an appraiser through a computer. The Skout® software was used to collect the data, taking notes of the player involved, the type of action (pass, receiving a ball and shot on goal), its foot used (preferred or non-preferred foot) and if the execution was correct or wrong. These data were saved in a text file, in the form of a matrix and imported into the Matlab® software, where was analyzed the following parameters: frequency of occurrence of each action with each foot and quantity of correct and wrong occurrences performed with...

Copa do mundo de futebol de 1950: critérios de noticiabilidade e análise de conteúdo da cobertura realizada pelo jornalismo de revista brasileiro

Pós-graduação em Comunicação - FAAC

Discrimination of production environments of specialty coffees by means of stable isotopes and discriminant model

The south of Minas Gerais, Brazil stands out among various regions through its capacity for production of specialty coffees. Its potential, manifested through being one of the most award-winning Brazilian regions in recent years, has been recognized by the Cup of Excellence (COE). With the evident relationship between product quality and the environment in mind, the need arises for scientific studies to provide a foundation for discrimination of product origin, creating new methods for combating possible fraud. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of carbon and nitrogen isotopes in discrimination of production environments of specialty coffees from the Serra da Mantiqueira of Minas Gerais by means of the discriminant model. Coffee samples were composed of ripe yellow and red fruits collected manually at altitudes below 1,000 m, from 1,000 to 1,200 m and above 1,200 m. The yellow and red fruits were subjected to dry processing and wet processing, with five replications. A total of 119 samples were used for discrimination of specialty coffee production environments by means of stable isotopes and statistical modeling. The model generated had an accuracy rate of 89% in discrimination of environments and was composed of the isotope variables of δ15N, δ13C, %C, %N, δD, δ18O (meteoric water) and sensory analysis scores. In addition, for the first time, discrimination of environments on a local geographic scale, within a single municipality, was proposed and successfully concluded. This shows that isotope analysis is an effective method in verifying geographic origin for specialty coffees.

O Brasil que não é bem assim: representações do Brasil na cobertura da Copa do Mundo 2014 pelo jornal The Guardian

Pós-graduação em Comunicação - FAAC

O Brasil que não é bem assim: representações do Brasil na cobertura da Copa do Mundo 2014 pelo jornal The Guardian

Pós-graduação em Comunicação - FAAC

New Species of the Thorny Catfish Genus Leptodoras (Siluriformes: Doradidae) from Rio Fresco, Xingu Basin, Brazil

A new species of the thorny catfish genus Leptodoras (family Doradidae) is described. The new species shares three characters with its congeners, the modified oral hood with distinct upper labial extensions, the first gill arch with enlarged accessory lamellae extending well onto medial face of gill filaments, and the pelvic fin inserted in anterior half of body. The new species is distinguished from congeners by having a large dark submarginal blotch on distal half of dorsal-fin spine and anteriormost dorsal-fin branched rays, lower labial extension of modified oral hood extending more posteriorly than upper labial extension, relatively few midlateral scutes, gas bladder moderately sized (not reduced), paired bony capsules on anteriormost vertebrae reduced to paired cup-like laminar ossifications separated by a triangular septum, pair of small, swelling-like diverticula on each side of the anterior chamber of gas bladder, a well-developed anterior nuchal plate, and nuchal foramina present. The new species was discovered from a single specimen collected in the rio Fresco, a tributary of the rio Xingu, and is described based on this and on additional material recently collected in the same area. A discussion of its placement within Leptodoras is also presented.

Cloning and expression of embryogenesis-regulating genes in Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O. Kuntze (Brazilian Pine)

Angiosperm and gymnosperm plants evolved from a common ancestor about 300 million years ago. Apart from morphological and structural differences in embryogenesis and seed origin, a set of embryogenesis-regulating genes and the molecular mechanisms involved in embryo development seem to have been conserved alike in both taxa. Few studies have covered molecular aspects of embryogenesis in the Brazilian pine, the only economically important native conifer in Brazil. Thus eight embryogenesis-regulating genes, viz.,ARGONAUTE 1, CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON 1, WUSCHEL-related WOX, S-LOCUS LECTIN PROTEIN KINASE, SCARECROW-like, VICILIN 7S, LEAFY COTYLEDON 1, and REVERSIBLE GLYCOSYLATED POLYPEPTIDE 1, were analyzed through semi-quantitative RT-PCR during embryo development and germination. All the eight were found to be differentially expressed in the various developmental stages of zygotic embryos, seeds and seedling tissues. To our knowledge, this is the first report on embryogenesis-regulating gene expression in members of the Araucariaceae family, as well as in plants with recalcitrant seeds.

Development and Evaluation of a Pseudoreference Pt//Ag/AgCl Electrode for Electrochemical Systems

The use of standard reference electrodes, such as Ag/AgCl or saturated calomel electrodes, in potentiometric and amperometric studies involving miniaturized electrochemical systems, or those operating under positive hydraulic pressure, is often impractical. Placement of the reference electrode in the direct vicinity of the working electrode is often prohibited by the dimensions or layout of the electrochemical cell, while the alternative strategy of locating the reference electrode in a separate compartment often leads to electrolyte leakage and contamination of the system. In the present study, we have investigated the functionality of a pseudoreference electrode comprising a platinum wire, one end of which was maintained in intimate contact with the internal solution of an Ag/AgCl reference electrode while the other was connected, via a BNC connector, to a platinum probe located within the electrochemical cell. Linear and cyclic voltammetric studies, involving both aqueous and nonaqueous electrolytes, were carried out using the pseudoreference electrode and an electrochemical cup-type cell with three electrodes or an electrochemical flow reactor. In all cases, the functionality of the Pt//Ag/AgCl system was similar to that of a conventional Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Variations in the electrolyte did not alter the potential or voltammetric profile recorded when using the pseudoreference system, although peak currents were generally improved and potential values shifted by approximately +350 mV in comparison with the Ag/AgCl electrode, therefore, the system pseudoreference can be applied in any electrochemical system due to the constant potential difference. It is concluded that the pseudoreference electrode can be used with advantage to obtain potentiometric and amperometric measurements in both simple and complex electrochemical systems.

Gene expression profile during coffee fruit development and identification of candidate markers for phenological stages

The objective of this work was to identify genes that could be used as suitable markers for molecular recognition of phenological stages during coffee (Coffea arabica) fruit development. Four cultivars were evaluated as to their differential expression of genes associated to fruit development and maturation processes. Gene expression was characterized by both semi-quantitative and quantitative RT-PCR, in fruit harvested at seven different developmental stages, during three different seasons. No size polymorphisms or differential expression were observed among the cultivars for the evaluated genes; however, distinct expression profiles along fruit development were determined for each gene. Four out of the 28 evaluated genes exhibited a regular expression profile in all cultivars and harvest seasons, and, therefore, they were validated as candidate phenological markers of coffee fruit. The gene a-galactosidase can be used as a marker of green stage, caffeine synthase as a marker of transition to green and yellowish-green stages, and isocitrate lyase and ethylene receptor 3 as markers of late maturation.