Between Memory and Strategy: Media Discourse Analysis of an Industrial Shutdown

In 2006 UPM was able to gain a level of social legitimacy that allowed it to carry out one of the largest industrial restructuring programmes in Finnish industrial history, shut down major operations in Finland and still appear to be functioning in the interests of the nation as well as itself. This study considers and examines various contexts of this shutdown with the aim of demonstrating how profoundly mediated such organizational events are though they appear to be produced primarily through strategic company decisions. The study aims to examine the processes of mediation at two levels. At one level, through close analysis of press releases and newspaper reports in local and national newspapers, the study presents a discursive analysis of the Voikkaa case. The discursive analysis focuses on providing historical contexts for understanding why this organizational event was also an occasion for reimagining the past and future of the Finnish nation; spatial contexts for understanding the differing struggles over the meaning of the event nationally and regionally; and the temporal dynamics of the media reports. At another level, the study considers and refines methods for reading and analyzing mediation in organization studies. Bringing together recent research of media text���based legitimation studies, emerging research on organizational memory and organizational death and a Foucaultian analytics of power, this work suggests that organizational research needs to be less concerned with particular typologies and narratives of shutdowns, and more curious about the processes of mediation through which organizational events are imagined and remembered.

Reporting of Green Supply Chain Management and Industrial Symbiosis

The purpose of this thesis is to examine how the reporting of operations related to green supply chain management and industrial symbiosis has evolved in UPM, Fortum and Kemira within the last ten years. The focus is on the improved operations, which are studied based on annual reports of these companies. The study provides a deeper understanding of the nature of green supply chain management and industrial symbiosis as well as the possibilites that their combination offers. The research is part of the DemaNET research project The study indicates that the environmental regulations and reporting standards have forced the studied companies to report their operations related to green supply chain management and industrial symbiosis more in detail during the last ten years. The operations related to green supply chain management in the studied companies are more common compared to operations related to industrial symbiosis. Often these two operations were also partially integrated, indicating a hybrid model. Even though firms often used hybrid models they still focused mainly on greening the internal operations rather than finding alternative ways for symbiosis outside the organization. The integration of green supply chain management and industrial symbiosis is most likely to occur when mutually beneficial relationships align the interests of all parties, thus resulting in the co-creation of value. The findings suggest that identifying mutual benefits and the flow of by-products are the ones that companies should give more attention to.

The impact of industrial context and institutional factors on innovation and internationalization of Russian companies

Innovation and internationalization nowadays play significant role in formation of the competitive advantage for the companies and it is important to explore these processes deeply and use their potential. Such parameters, as industrial context and institutional factors, are essential parts of the business life and their influence may be crucial for the company���s performance. The Master���s Thesis explores impact of industrial context and institutional factors on innovation and internationalization of Russian companies. This research is quantitative and based on the analysis of the relevant scientific literature and results of the survey, conducted among Russian manufacturing companies. Findings show positive influence of industrial context factor ���international threat��� and institutional environment factor ���lack of resources and the market imperfections��� on internationalization of innovative Russian companies.

Effects of life cycle profits on the profitability of industrial heavy duty cranes

The goal of the thesis was to investigate how much after-sales profits a crane sale generates over the life cycle of the crane and the effects of these after-sales profits on the overall profitability of the crane. The thesis utilizes theories about life cycle costing from an equipment and service supplier���s point of view. However, instead of costs, the thesis is focused on the life cycle after-sales profits from maintenance services and spare parts provided for the sold crane. The case study approach was chosen and a total of five cranes from three different segments were investigated. An eight-step life cycle profit calculation model was developed in order to analyze the chosen cases��� life cycle profits systematically. The results of the investigation suggest that the life cycle after-sales profits are significant in value. In the case analyses they accounted for between 20% and 44% of the overall life cycle profits of the case cranes. The after-sales profits should be taken into account already in the pricing when offering a crane to a customer.

Desarrollo de la ingenieria basica de una planta industrial para extraccion con CO2 liquido. I. Extractores

En base a los resultados obtenidos en una unidad piloto cuyo dise��o, montaje y puesta en operaci��n fueron realizados con la finalidad de poder producir el cambio de escala, se dio inicio al proyecto de una planta de producci��n con caracter��sticas modulares por su flexibilidad operativa en cuanto a capacidad de producci��n y tipo de materia prima. Se desarroll�� la ingenier��a conceptual, consistente en la definici��n de las bases de dise��o; las diferentes etapas del proceso, la capacidad de producci��n a instalar, los rangos de trabajo de las variables operativas, el r��gimen, la especificaci��n de los materiales de construcci��n, caracter��sticas de la carga, materiales auxiliares y tipo de instrumentaci��n y control. La ingenier��a b��sica, especificaci��n de equipos y componentes auxiliares, para: alimentaci��n de CO2, bombeo y presurizaci��n, acondicionamiento t��rmico, extracci��n, separaci��n fluido/extracto, medida y control del caudal, temperatura y presi��n, se encuentra en una etapa avanzada de ejecuci��n. Se ha comenzado con la ingenier��a de detalle de extractores con diferente capacidad.

PROCESSAMENTO INDUSTRIAL DE F��CULA DE MANDIOCA E BATATA DOCE - UM ESTUDO DE CASO

A ind��stria de amido vem crescendo e se aperfei��oando nos ��ltimos anos, levando �� necessidade de produtos com caracter��sticas espec��ficas que atendam as exig��ncias do mercado, o que possibilita o processamento de mat��rias-primas amil��ceas ainda pouco exploradas. O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o processamento industrial de f��cula de mandioca e batata doce. Atrav��s da an��lise da composi����o da raiz, f��cula e baga��o, bem como do balan��o de massa dos processos, objetivou-se estabelecer a efici��ncia de uma planta industrial de processamento de mandioca, para a obten����o de f��cula de batata doce. Os resultados demonstraram que a f��cula de batata doce obtida est�� dentro dos limites da legisla����o brasileira e que parte do amido n��o foi extra��do no processamento, sendo gerado um baga��o com 79,94 % de amido e com composi����o semelhante ao gerado no processamento de mandioca que cont��m em m��dia 80 % de amido. A compara����o dos balan��os de massa demonstrou uma menor efici��ncia da planta no processamento da batata doce (18,3% de rendimento), quando comparado com o de mandioca (25,5% de rendimento) com umidade de 13,75 % e 12,3 %, respectivamente, na f��cula. A reten����o de amido no baga��o indicou defici��ncia no processo industrial de extra����o independentemente da mat��ria-prima.

Caracteriza����o f��sico-qu��mica da erva mate: influ��ncia das etapas do processamento industrial

A erva-mate �� uma mat��ria-prima de grande import��ncia para a regi��o Sul do Brasil, sendo que a produ����o anual �� de aproximadamente 650.000 toneladas de folhas. Atualmente, problemas com o excesso de oferta t��m incentivado pesquisadores e empres��rios a buscar alternativas para a utiliza����o da erva-mate como mat��ria-prima para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos bem como promover melhorias no processamento industrial visando a obten����o de caracter��sticas organol��pticas desej��veis. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo realizar a caracteriza����o f��sico-qu��mica da erva-mate em fun����o das etapas do processamento industrial (sapeco, secagem e tempo de cancheamento) e verificar como estas etapas influem nos teores de cinzas, fibras, gorduras, prote��nas, glicose, sacarose e cafe��na presentes na mat��ria-prima. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar que as etapas do processamento industrial influem diretamente nos teores dos compostos citados, mostrando a relev��ncia em se analisar estes resultados quando o objetivo �� utilizar esta mat��ria-prima para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos aliment��cios que podem exigir caracter��sticas espec��ficas.

Aproveitamento de subproduto industrial de ��leos vegetais para produ����o de riboflavina por Candida guilliermondii DM 644

A produ����o e consumo de alimentos industrializados t��m aumentado a preocupa����o com suplementa����o e enriquecimento de alimentos com vitaminas e sais minerais, visando repor as poss��veis perdas durante os processos de fabrica����o, principalmente das vitaminas hidrossol��veis, mais especificamente da vitamina B2 ou riboflavina. Assim sendo, a proposta deste trabalho foi utilizar como componente principal do meio, para produ����o da riboflavina, um subproduto do refino de ��leos vegetais e o microrganismo Candida guillermondii DM 644. A produ����o da vitamina B2 foi realizada por fermenta����o em batelada utilizando Erlenmeyer. As condi����es empregadas foram agita����o orbital, aus��ncia de luz, 30°C, e 24h de incuba����o. A otimiza����o da produ����o de riboflavina foi realizada atrav��s de Delineamento Fatorial Fracion��rio, para avaliar os efeitos da concentra����o de mat��ria graxa, fonte de nitrog��nio, pH, velocidade de agita����o, fonte de f��sforo e extrato de levedura e as poss��veis intera����es. A concentra����o m��xima de riboflavina foi 19,12mg/mL. Os fatores mais importantes para produ����o de riboflavina foram a concentra����o de mat��ria graxa e a fonte de nitrog��nio, enquanto que a fonte de f��sforo e o extrato de leveduras n��o estimularam sua bioss��ntese. A m��xima produ����o foi obtida com mat��ria graxa a 10g/L, ur��ia a 2,5g/L e pH 5,0. A velocidade de agita����o (200 e 400rpm) n��o interferiu no processo biotecnol��gico.

Avalia����o do efeito de vari��veis meteorol��gicas na qualidade industrial e no rendimento de gr��os de trigo pelo emprego de an��lise de componentes principais

A qualidade industrial de trigo, al��m de ser afetada pelo gen��tipo, tamb��m �� influenciada por fatores ambientes, como as condi����es meteorol��gicas prevalecentes durante a perman��ncia da cultura na lavoura. Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar a influ��ncia de vari��veis meteorol��gicas, bem como do d��ficit e do excesso h��drico do solo, no peso do hectolitro (PH), no peso de mil gr��os (PMG), na extra����o experimental de farinha (EXT), na for��a geral de gl��ten (W), na rela����o P/L (P/L), na microssedimenta����o com dodecil sulfato de s��dio (SDS) e no n��mero de queda (NQ). Foram usados dados de experimentos com trigo EMBRAPA 16, conduzidos nos anos de 1990 a 1998, em sete locais do Rio Grande do Sul e em quatro locais de Santa Catarina. A an��lise estat��stica realizada foi de componentes principais. Verificou-se que: a) a precipita����o pluvial, a umidade relativa do ar e o excesso h��drico do solo influenciaram negativamente o PH, o PMG, o NQ, a P/L e o rendimento de gr��os. O W, a EXT e a SDS foram afetados positiva e negativamente por essas vari��veis, dependendo do per��odo de avalia����o estudado; b) a temperatura m��nima influenciou positivamente a EXT, o W e a SDS. Para as demais vari��veis, quando ocorreu influ��ncia da temperatura m��nima, esta foi negativa; c) a temperatura m��dia associou-se negativamente com o PH, com o PMG, com o NQ e com o rendimento de gr��os e positivamente com a EXT e com o W. Para a P/L e para a SDS, a temperatura m��dia afetou tanto positiva quanto negativamente; d) a temperatura m��xima correlacionou-se negativamente com o rendimento de gr��os e positivamente com a EXT. O W, a SDS e a P/L apresentaram per��odos de correla����o positivos e negativos com a temperatura m��xima; e e) a radia����o solar global influenciou positivamente todas as caracter��sticas estudadas, exceto a SDS.

Influ��ncia das temperaturas m��nima e m��xima em caracter��sticas de qualidade industrial e em rendimentos de gr��os de trigo

Na regi��o trit��cola sul-brasileira predominam invernos com temperatura baixa (m��nima absoluta, em dias com geada, de at�� - 8,0ºC). No entanto, a incid��ncia de elevada temperatura (m��xima absoluta, em dias isolados entre outubro e novembro, de at�� 41,0ºC) pode ser encontrada durante todo o per��odo de enchimento de gr��os e na matura����o fisiol��gica. Este trabalho teve por objetivos verificar a influ��ncia das temperaturas m��nima e m��xima na qualidade industrial e no rendimento de gr��os. Foram usados dados de experimentos com trigo EMBRAPA 16, conduzidos nos anos de 1990 a 1998, em sete locais do Rio Grande do Sul e em quatro locais de Santa Catarina. A an��lise estat��stica realizada foi correla����es m��ltiplas. Verificou-se que, nos diferentes per��odos analisados: a) o aumento da temperatura m��xima m��dia resultou em acr��scimo do peso de mil gr��os, do rendimento de gr��os, da for��a geral de gl��ten, da microssedimenta����o com dodecil sulfato de s��dio e do n��mero de queda: b) o peso do hectolitro (exce����o feita ao per��odo final de matura����o fisiol��gica), o peso de mil gr��os, o n��mero de queda e a extra����o experimental de farinha foram influenciados negativamente pela temperatura m��nima m��dia; c) a temperatura m��nima m��dia influenciou positivamente a for��a geral de gl��ten, a rela����o P/L e a microssedimenta����o com dodecil sulfato de s��dio.

Aproveitamento industrial de marisco na produ����o de ling��i��a

Foram estudadas as condi����es do processamento e a aceitabilidade da ling��i��a de vongole (Anomalocardia brasiliana), al��m de avaliar a estabilidade do produto congelado sob os aspectos qu��mico, f��sico-qu��mico, microbiol��gico e sensorial. O produto final obedeceu a seguinte formula����o: 48% vongole, 5% prote��na texturizada de soja, 15% ��gua, 25% gordura su��na, 3% albumina, 2% pr��-mistura (sais de cura e NaCl), 1,5% condimentos e 0,5% urucum. O produto congelado ficou armazenado �� temperatura de -18ºC durante tr��s meses; periodicamente foi avaliado quanto ao pH, umidade, prote��nas, lip��dios, NBV, ��ndice de per��xidos, rea����o de Kreiss, quanto �� presen��a de microrganismos patog��nicos e toxig��nicos e quanto �� apar��ncia, aroma, sabor, textura. Os resultados apontaram que a ling��i��a de vongole teve uma boa aceita����o, com IA entre 78-87% para todos os atributos avaliados, especialmente em rela����o ao sabor e textura. As amostras foram avaliadas como sabor ideal de marisco e sabor ideal de condimentos por 66,67% e 73,33% dos provadores, respectivamente. Os resultados com o teste de atitude de inten����o de compra mostraram que 46,67% dos consumidores tinham inten����o prov��vel ou certa de compra do produto. Os resultados da avalia����o microbiol��gica, f��sico-qu��mica, qu��mica e sensorial da ling��i��a de vongole, indicaram que o produto manteve-se est��vel, durante 90 dias de armazenamento a temperatura de -18ºC.

Estudo termoanal��tico, CLAE e francionamento f��sico e qu��mico do subproduto industrial do milho

O fracionamento do farelo de milho desengordurado (fub�� grosso), subproduto do processamento industrial do milho, para obten����o de fra����es de amido, prote��nas e fibras, utilizando m��todos f��sicos e qu��micos, foi investigado. O fracionamento do fub�� grosso por meio de tratamento qu��mico com solu����es de bissulfito de s��dio e de etanol, foi satisfat��rio, pois produziu fra����o de amido com aceit��vel rendimento; j�� o fracionamento f��sico n��o foi muito eficiente, visto que n��o produziu fra����o enriquecida de prote��nas e amido. Tanto o fub�� grosso como as fra����es obtidas, foram caracterizados por meio de CLAE (Cromatografia L��quida de Alta Efici��ncia) e An��lise T��rmica (TG, DTG e DSC). O fub�� grosso possui mais de 50% de amido (CLAE), e perda de 52% de sua massa entre 270 e 450��C (TG e DTG). O estudo cin��tico, a partir de curvas DSC, mostrou que os processos de gelatiniza����o da fra����o de amido e de desnatura����o da fra����o de prote��nas s��o eventos endot��rmicos, com diferentes valores de entalpia e de energia de ativa����o.

Simula����o da din��mica operacional de uma linha industrial de abate de su��nos

Este trabalho teve como objetivo implementar um modelo computacional para simular a din��mica operacional de uma linha industrial de abate de su��nos. O sistema real modelado pertence �� empresa Frigor��fico Frimesa, sediada no munic��pio de Medianeira (PR). O modelo implementado �� tipo din��mico, discreto e estoc��stico. Este simula 34 opera����es unit��rias e foi estruturado com o uso da linguagem de simula����o EXTEND TM. Para valida����o do modelo foram coletados dados relativos a cinco dias de opera����o, em que foram abatidos 1.346, 1.630, 1.360, 1.585 e 1.550 su��nos, respectivamente. Como par��metros de compara����o entre os dados obtidos a partir do sistema e gerados pelo modelo foram selecionadas as seguintes vari��veis: (i) tempo de dura����o da opera����o; (ii) tempo de deslocamento da insensibiliza����o at�� a depiladeira; (iii) tempo deslocamento da insensibiliza����o at�� a c��mara fria; (iv) n��mero de carca��as re-inspecionadas; e (v) n��mero final de carca��as. Na valida����o do modelo, foi constatado que, para a vari��vel tempo de dura����o da opera����o por meio do teste Tukey a 1% de signific��ncia, n��o foram detectadas diferen��as estat��sticas entre os valores obtidos do sistema real e os gerados pelo modelo. Considerando-se esta e outras an��lises, foi conclu��do que o modelo aplica-se �� finalidade para a qual foi implementado. Sendo assim, foram realizadas duas an��lises de sensibilidade. Na primeira, ao alterar o n��mero de su��nos a abater de 1 mil para 2 mil, foi determinado que os tempos de dura����o da opera����o variariam de 6,20 a 10,10 h, respectivamente. Para a segunda, ao abater 1.340 su��nos e alterar a velocidade das n��rias de 300 para 600 animais por hora, o tempo de dura����o da opera����o passou de 8,10 para 7,40 h, respectivamente.

Purchasing Process of Industrial Solutions ��� Added Value, Difficulties and Good Practices

Purpose of this study is to clarify the industrial solutions purchasing process from purchaser companies��� point of view. Also customer���s view on value generating aspects and difficulties in purchases will be discussed as well as different purchas-ing entities where customers have ended up in their solution purchases. Current solution literature is mainly concentrated in supplier views and customer perspec-tive has been left without adequate attention. However, knowledge of the customer and the identification of customer need are at the core of a successful solution business. The focus of this thesis is on Finnish companies��� solution purchases that have been realized during last five years. Industrial solutions in this case are facto-ries or other large industrial plants. Industrial solutions��� purchasing process will be opened all the way from discovering the need until the start-up of the plant. Of in-terest is the customer experience of the success of the acquisition and the pur-chaser���s view on good practices allowing a successful procurement project.

Feasibility of industrial implementation of laser cutting into paper making machine

Laser cutting implementation possibilities into paper making machine was studied as the main objective of the work. Laser cutting technology application was considered as a replacement tool for conventional cutting methods used in paper making machines for longitudinal cutting such as edge trimming at different paper making process and tambour roll slitting. Laser cutting of paper was tested in 70���s for the first time. Since then, laser cutting and processing has been applied for paper materials with different level of success in industry. Laser cutting can be employed for longitudinal cutting of paper web in machine direction. The most common conventional cutting methods include water jet cutting and rotating slitting blades applied in paper making machines. Cutting with CO2 laser fulfils basic requirements for cutting quality, applicability to material and cutting speeds in all locations where longitudinal cutting is needed. Literature review provided description of advantages, disadvantages and challenges of laser technology when it was applied for cutting of paper material with particular attention to cutting of moving paper web. Based on studied laser cutting capabilities and problem definition of conventional cutting technologies, preliminary selection of the most promising application area was carried out. Laser cutting (trimming) of paper web edges in wet end was estimated to be the most promising area where it can be implemented. This assumption was made on the basis of rate of web breaks occurrence. It was found that up to 64 % of total number of web breaks occurred in wet end, particularly in location of so called open draws where paper web was transferred unsupported by wire or felt. Distribution of web breaks in machine cross direction revealed that defects of paper web edge was the main reason of tearing initiation and consequent web break. The assumption was made that laser cutting was capable of improvement of laser cut edge tensile strength due to high cutting quality and sealing effect of the edge after laser cutting. Studies of laser ablation of cellulose supported this claim. Linear energy needed for cutting was calculated with regard to paper web properties in intended laser cutting location. Calculated linear cutting energy was verified with series of laser cutting. Practically obtained laser energy needed for cutting deviated from calculated values. This could be explained by difference in heat transfer via radiation in laser cutting and different absorption characteristics of dry and moist paper material. Laser cut samples (both dry and moist (dry matter content about 25-40%)) were tested for strength properties. It was shown that tensile strength and strain break of laser cut samples are similar to corresponding values of non-laser cut samples. Chosen method, however, did not address tensile strength of laser cut edge in particular. Thus, the assumption of improving strength properties with laser cutting was not fully proved. Laser cutting effect on possible pollution of mill broke (recycling of trimmed edge) was carried out. Laser cut samples (both dry and moist) were tested on the content of dirt particles. The tests revealed that accumulation of dust particles on the surface of moist samples can take place. This has to be taken into account to prevent contamination of pulp suspension when trim waste is recycled. Material loss due to evaporation during laser cutting and amount of solid residues after cutting were evaluated. Edge trimming with laser would result in 0.25 kg/h of solid residues and 2.5 kg/h of lost material due to evaporation. Schemes of laser cutting implementation and needed laser equipment were discussed. Generally, laser cutting system would require two laser sources (one laser source for each cutting zone), set of beam transfer and focusing optics and cutting heads. In order to increase reliability of system, it was suggested that each laser source would have double capacity. That would allow to perform cutting employing one laser source working at full capacity for both cutting zones. Laser technology is in required level at the moment and do not require additional development. Moreover, capacity of speed increase is high due to availability high power laser sources what can support the tendency of speed increase of paper making machines. Laser cutting system would require special roll to maintain cutting. The scheme of such roll was proposed as well as roll integration into paper making machine. Laser cutting can be done in location of central roll in press section, before so-called open draw where many web breaks occur, where it has potential to improve runability of a paper making machine. Economic performance of laser cutting was done as comparison of laser cutting system and water jet cutting working in the same conditions. It was revealed that laser cutting would still be about two times more expensive compared to water jet cutting. This is mainly due to high investment cost of laser equipment and poor energy efficiency of CO2 lasers. Another factor is that laser cutting causes material loss due to evaporation whereas water jet cutting almost does not cause material loss. Despite difficulties of laser cutting implementation in paper making machine, its implementation can be beneficial. The crucial role in that is possibility to improve cut edge strength properties and consequently reduce number of web breaks. Capacity of laser cutting to maintain cutting speeds which exceed current speeds of paper making machines what is another argument to consider laser cutting technology in design of new high speed paper making machines.