Análise quali-quantitativa da arborização na praça XV de novembro em Ribeirão Preto - SP, Brasil

A Praça XV de Novembro, implantada em meados do século XIX, tem grande valor histórico-cultural, além de se constituir em uma das principais áreas verdes do centro da cidade de Ribeirão Preto. Visando ao conhecimento detalhado da vegetação para fins de orientação do manejo e conservação dessa área, foi feito um levantamento quali-quantitativo e fitossociológico das árvores e palmeiras da praça. Foram medidas altura e Diâmetro à Altura do Peito (DAP) e identificados todos os indivíduos de porte arbóreo (árvores e palmeiras) presentes na Praça, em nível de espécie. A praça ocupa uma área de 15.456,00 m², onde foram amostradas 42 espécies distribuídas por 19 famílias, num total de 161 indivíduos. Apesar de o local apresentar arborização com alto índice de diversidade de espécies (Shannon-Weaver de 3,14), os exemplares necessitam de maior atenção quanto a problemas ligados à fitossanidade e podas adequadas, fazendo que resulte em espaço seguro para os frequentadores e em boa qualidade paisagística.

Proposta de um modelo de medição e avaliação de desempenho como ferramenta de gest ão - um estudo de caso num órgão público

The public sector performance has received much attention in the literature and due to that the purpose of this work is to develop a proposal for a model of performance measurement for a higher education institution unit. First, we performed a theoretical research on public organizations and private institutions of higher education, followed by a literature review on performance measurement and evaluation. This review presents some performance models that are quite frequent in the literature: Total Quality Management (Total Quality Management) - TQM and the PDCA cycle, SMART System, Balanced Scorecard and Môdef Ouanturn. In order to verify the possibility of implementing a performance measurement model for Higher Education Institutions, it was conducted a case study in a support unit of a University, located in the city of Natal, RN, Brazil. The study attempted to identify the key processes of the unit and proposed by the use of Quantum model in order to improve the management and operation of the same. The work aims to contribute to the advancement of knowledge in measurement and performance evaluation in higher education institutions that where still lacks scientific production of this subject compared to other areas. This study also identifies better practices and opportunities for improvement in processes to determine the expected performance indicators to aid a decision-making unit.

Uma modelagem de indicadores de desempenho para instituições de ensino superior no Brasil na abordagem do balanced scorecard: um estudo com instituições privadas

This Master of Science Thesis deals with a BSC modeling for higher education institution focusing on private institution in the Brazilian context. It‟s accomplished a literature review in order to understand the BSC and its application to for profit and non for profit organizations and as a main result it is proposed a BSC conceptual model with a new perspective (Government) and a change in the hierarchy of the main BSC perspective equaling financial to customer/society. Taking the national higher education assessment system of Education Ministry indicators a model is deployed and the relations between the indicators are measured with the Pearson correlation coefficient. As a result a model emerges with sound relations of indicators but a improvement in the financial indicators is needed

Gestão de resíduos sólidos: um estudo da conscientização ambiental em uma cidade do Brasil

The present study inserts on the international environmental thematic, approaching the integrated management of solid waste and the participation of the social actors in the search of the sustainable development. The awareness in combining it still describes a Selective Collection Program SCP of solid waste, in partnership with the municipal public power, in the development of joint actions that result in better alternatives of waste management in the urban centers, providing better life quality for the population and conservation of the environment. The aim of this research is to study problematic of the management of solid waste under the point of view of the environmental awareness and the participation of the population in a city of Brazil. In this matter, the target of the work is focusing on the strategy of solid waste management, through the attitudes and the respondents behaviors to aid in the making decision of the public manager related to the implantation of a selective collection program in Natal/RN. The methodology used in this work constitutes in the application of a questionnaire with scales of the type Likert being constituted of variables that compose the aspects of attitudes and of behaviors, besides a social-demographic scale. For analysis statistics is used the Pearson s Chi-Square Method in order to verify the dependence of the associations between the social-demographic variables and the attitude and the behavior ones. The results appear for a larger participation in a SCP, since this provides a better quality of life of the population (28,3 %), followed for offering a financial advantage (27,3%). Other results indicate the existence of the variables that exercise influence on the environmental awareness of the population to its demographic aspects

Educação superior no período noturno no Brasil: políticas, intenções e omissões

Neste artigo analisa-se a oferta de vagas para o período noturno nos cursos de graduação da educação superior no país, com foco nas universidades públicas estaduais paulistas, a fim de se verificar como estas têm atendido à exigência da Constituição Paulista no sentido de se ofertar pelo menos um terço do total de suas vagas a este período. Avalia-se o impacto dessa exigência no contexto maior da oferta de vagas para a educação superior no país, considerando que a Reforma Universitária em trâmite propõe este mesmo índice para as universidades federais. Uma retrospectiva histórica apresenta a origem da educação superior no país, a presença exclusiva das instituições públicas até meados do século XX, a entrada das instituições religiosas no setor privado em 1946, e os desdobramentos da Reforma Universitária de 1968, marco da expansão do setor privado, que contempla atualmente 71,7% das 4,1 milhões de matrículas em cursos de graduação no país. As reflexões indicam que a expansão da educação superior deve priorizar o crescimento da oferta de vagas no sistema público, buscando uma melhor relação de vagas entre o sistema público e o privado, com ênfase nas demandas crescentes do período noturno, visando a um projeto maior de desenvolvimento do país, ordenado pelo Estado e alicerçado na valorização da Educação.

Assistência odontológica diferenciada para crianças de 0 a 3 anos: avaliação de impacto no Serviço Público Municipal em Natal-RN

In Brazil, 0-5 years old children just have an oral health care system since 1990 s. Innumerable experiences of implantation of the attendance to the babies in the cities had appeared throughout the years, but it hasn´t been evaluated the comparative effect between children displayed and not displayed to the program. In this regard, the main of this research was describe the Early Childhood Oral Health Care in public health service in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil and evaluate the impact of this specific oral health care for babies by comparison of indicators between exposed and non-exposed children. It was created an experimental group, formed by children covered by program which was paired, based on sex, age and socioeconomic status, with a control group, formed by uncovered children. After filling ethical application, the parents of children were questioned about some risk factors to dental caries and, in sequence, it was accomplish an oral examination in the child. It was verified the Visible Plaque Index (VPI), Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), dmf-s and verification of caries activity. The sample was 40 children in each group. The results showed, for VPI, a difference of 7 percentile points for the experimental group, however this difference had no statistical significance, obtained by Student s t test (p=0.314). In relation to GBI, the control group showed a low mean (0.8%) comparing with experimental group (2.77%) and this difference was statistically significant (p=0.003). The results for dmf-s and evaluation of caries activity showed no statistical difference between groups. Among the probable reasons for absence of impact of intervention, could be included: (a) the practice model was the same in two groups, or the difference was very weak and (b) the oral health care has intrinsic limitations for to impact on oral health in low income populations

Estudos de validade da escala de dependência alcoólica do millon clinical multiaxial inventory iii para o Brasil

This study has as main objectives to translate and to adapt the MCMI-III to brazilian Portuguese, as well as investigate and analyze the involved modifications in the Alcohol Dependence Scale concerning to the results obtained on the validity and on the process of adaptation to Brazil. The inventory was translated and, posteriorly, applied on people with different reading levels to certify that the items are understandable to public in general, from diverse places of the country, divided into clinical and non-clinical groups. Were evaluated 2855 subjects between the ages of 18 and 85 years old, male and female, resident and dwellers of Brazilian cities. The application methods were face-to-face and computerized. Results showed that the clinical group presented significant differences between the means in comparison to the non-clinical group. Through the application of the General Health Questionnaire were developed studies related to the achievement of convergent validity and its results pointed to the relation between the instrument scores and the MCMI-III. The Alcohol Dependence Scale analysis indicated that people who reported abusive use of alcohol had highest scores, indicating adequacy of the instrument on identifying manifestation of disorders and syndromes. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary to the establishment of normative patterns to the Brazilian sample

Compromisso social do psicólogo em artigos publicados em periódicos científicos no Brasil

Psychologist s social commitment in scientific articles published in scientific papers in Brazil. A situation analysis of the scientific production concerning psychologist s social commitment can aid the historical constitution of this theme and also subsidize reflections about the course of this profession in Brazil. In order to contribute to this debate, the theme social commitment of psychologist was analyzed in the scientific literature concerning psychologist profession in the country. Specifically, papers about the profession that mentioned the theme social commitment were characterized and their approach of this matter was analyzed. In order to accomplish these goals, two research stages were fulfilled: first, in a systematic search for scientific literature in internet databases, studies about the psychologist profession in the country were gathered; in the second stage, scientific papers relating to social commitment in their titles, abstracts or keywords were selected. 61 papers were retrieved, organized in electronic database and full-text analyzed, based in two axis: scientometric and thematic. The papers were identified, in general, as recent, of theoretic character and aligned with several Psychology subareas; mainly produced in public universities, in country s southwest; were of conjunctural interest to the authors research projects, individually published, by professors in touch with post-graduation; published in open access journals, with high Qualis evaluation. It was verified that there is no consensus on the meaning of the theme, prevailing definitions concerning the understanding of the social reality, to the majority of people or to a progressive-aligned professional performance. Are adduced as committed agents: the psychologist (sometimes together with other kinds of professionals or with users), the academia, and the representative entities of the profession. Depending on the subareas and the nature of study, all papers mentioned at least one of the following criteria: expansion of target-audience, renewal of practices, political direction, defined theoretical approach or adequate technical competence, sometimes relating each other. In short, psychologist s social commitment is a contradictory issue which have earned projection in scientific literature, reiterating the historical custom of evaluate the psychologist profession. As conclusion, it is regarded as indispensable to intensify the reflection about the role whose psychologist plays in a class-cleaved society and the limits and potentials of his performing in that framework.

(In)visibilidade da violência doméstica no atendimento do Sistema Público de Saúde: nos bairros das Quintas e de Felipe Camarão

It analyses the approach given by health professionals (social workers, nurses and doctors) against woman violence at the Medical Unities of Felipe Camarão and Quintas of the City of Natal and searches to identify if the domestic violence is (in)visible at the Public Health Assistance System attendance. and It refers to the grandiosity of this violence and its consequences to the women health, recognizing it as a public health problem. To the comprehension of the relationship between violent acts against women and their health serious damages, exposes the battle history of the feminist movements and the brazilian women, demonstrating the visibility acquired by theses conquests of the questions related to the women and how the gender study becomes the central category to (re) think the social relations involving women and men, specially, the violent relationships between them. It analyses, mainly, those practiced by the husbands, partners, boyfriends or lovers. It refers, at the end, about the public politics of violence combat adopted at police stations at health centers, showing the difficulties to establish the legislation that exists to combat the violence suffered by the women that look for assistance at the health unities. It intends, with this way, to give more visibility to the domestic questions at the marital relations and ask attention from the public power and health professionals between them, the social worker to the (in) visibility of this problems at the attendances practiced

Impacto do racionamento nos resultados das empresas concessionárias do serviço público de distribuição de energia elétrica: um estudo nas empresas privadas da Região Nordeste

This work verifies the impact caused by the Emergencial Program of Reduction of Consumption of Electric Energy (energy-rationing program) in the results of the concessionary private companies of the public service of electric energy distribution localized in the Northeast Area. As the rationing invigorated from June 2001 to February 2002, its effects are diluted in the results presented by these companies in the second semester of 2001 and first quarter of 2002, with prominence for the last quarter of 2001, when the revenue of extraordinary tariff restore was instituted by the National Agency of Electric Energy (ANEEL), consequence of the so-called General Agreement of the Electric Sector made between the federal government and the companies of the electric sector. The structure of a generic electric sector and a historical review of the Brazilian electric sector from the time it was controlled by the private enterprises, including the State control period, about 1960, and returning to the control of the private enterprises in 1990, under a new regulation structure are presented. An explanation of the models of economic regulation that Brazil used for the electric sector is made, with prominence for the price cap that is the actual effective model. The process of tariff revision foreseen in the concession contracts signed by the federal government and the concessionary companies is presented, highlighting its two stages: the tariff rebalancing that defines the new price cap and the calculation of the factor X that establishes the efficiency goals for the companies. There is made a presentation of the Emergencial Program of Reduction of Consumption of Electric Energy and of the consequent General Agreement of the Electric Sector, which created the revenue of extraordinary tariff restore. A conceptual revision on reviews is presented, regarding to concepts, accomplishment and recognition. A brief review of the six companies that made part of the worked sample is also presented. Analyzing the quarters historical review and of amount of sold energy, it was possible to conclude that the energy-rationing altered the results of the studied companies significantly and that alteration was masked by the accounting process of the revenue of extraordinary tariff restore

Panorama dos resíduos sólidos urbanos nos municípios de pequeno porte do Brasil

The panorama of Urban Solid Waste (USW) in Brazil, in general lacks information, given the immensity of the country. However, it is from available data that the public executives should define the USW management. To contribute to the choice of a model for the management of USW in small municipalities, this study reviews the related literature, showing an overview of the final disposal of USW in small municipalities. Several data and researches are discussed, concluding that the available data, despite being provided by the public managers, who often attenuate the problem, should be considered for the proposition of policies to encourage the waste treatment

Incidência de disfagia orofaríngea após acidente vascular encefálico em hospital público de referência

A doença vascular encefálica (AVE) é a principal causa de morte no Brasil. As seqüelas em indivíduos pós-acidente vascular encefálico incluem distúrbios motores, distúrbios de fala ou de linguagem e distúrbios de deglutição. A disfagia orofaríngea ocorre em cerca de 50% dos pacientes com AVE. Este estudo teve por objetivo determinar a incidência da disfagia após AVE. Foram avaliados todos os pacientes que deram entrada em hospital universitário de referência no período de um ano, tão logo apresentassem condições para avaliação clínica, fonoaudiológica e neurológica (102 pacientes), com análise objetiva da deglutição (61 pacientes). Foi observada incidência de disfagia em 76,5% dos pacientes avaliados clinicamente, este percentual elevando-se a 91% com avaliação videofluoroscópica. A alta incidência de disfagia observada neste estudo que avaliou pacientes com amplo espectro de gravidade, em diferentes fases de recuperação, ressalta a importância de equipe multidisciplinar, incluindo fonoaudiólogos capacitados, para avaliar os distúrbios da deglutição nos diversos momentos de recuperação dos AVEs.

Declínio da cárie em um município da região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 1998 a 2004

O objetivo do estudo foi analisar os índices CPOD, ceod, SiC Index e a porcentagem de crianças livres de cárie, em escolares de 5 a 12 anos da rede pública do Município de Bilac, São Paulo, Brasil, em estudos realizados nos anos de 1998, 2000, 2002 e 2004. Utilizou-se a mesma metodologia (OMS-1997) em todos os levantamentos. O teste estatístico kappa foi calculado a cada estudo, obtendo-se o valor de concordância interexaminadores mínimo de 0,86 e máximo de 0,89, e intra-examinador mínimo de 0,91. O índice ceod diminuiu pouco nos anos de 1998 e 2004. Houve uma redução contínua do índice CPOD aos 12 anos, passando de 5,28 em 1998 para 4,11 em 2000, 3,47 em 2002 e 2,62 em 2004, e o fenômeno da polarização. Na proporção inversa, a porcentagem de crianças com 5 anos livres de cárie aumentou de 37,9% em 1998 para 40% em 2000 e 2002, e 45,3% em 2004. Conclui-se que está ocorrendo a redução da cárie dentária na faixa etária de 12 anos entre escolares do ensino público do município.

Absenteísmo por motivos odontológico e médico nos serviços público e privado

O absenteísmo é um assunto de interesse crescente devido ao atual contexto econômico de competitividade, que faz com que as empresas procurem meios para diminuir sua ocorrência, aumentando a rentabilidade e com isso crescendo de forma sustentada. Procurou-se estudar o absenteísmo por razões odontológicas e médicas, nos serviços público e privado, analisando se a idade, o sexo e a função do trabalhador, além do regime empregatício, interferem na sua ocorrência. Desenvolveu-se o estudo na prefeitura do município de Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brasil, e em uma indústria acrílica. Para a coleta dos dados, analisaram-se todos os atestados odontológicos e médicos, que deram entrada nas empresas no período de janeiro a junho de 2002 e as listagens dos trabalhadores. Verificou-se que a falta por motivos odontológicos tiveram pouco peso sobre o total de faltas por motivo de doença, além de provocarem o afastamento do trabalhador por um período menor. As variáveis idade, sexo, função e regime empregatício influenciaram na ocorrência do absenteísmo ao trabalho. A disponibilidade dessas informações deverá ser muito importante, pois, visto as inúmeras variáveis envolvidas, facilitarão a tomada de decisões das distintas estratégias para sua prevenção.

Público e privado na formação social brasileira: velhas, novas e novíssimas tensões

O artigo procura traçar um quadro panorâmico de alguns momentos da história brasileira para tentar encontrar as determinações que fizeram com que a intersubjetividade e a 'eticidade' mergulhassem num padrão deletério e nele ficassem amarradas. Busca assim explicar a dificuldade quase crônica que a elite política brasileira tem de governar de modo republicano, ou seja, fazendo com que o interesse público prevaleça democraticamente sobre os interesses privados, sejam esses interesses os do dinheiro, do voto ou das corporações. Sem virtude pública constituída e sedimentada na sociedade e na cultura política, o Brasil cresceu com dificuldades para se aprumar em termos democráticos e republicanos. Mas é uma comunidade que se reconhece como tal, que compartilha uma cultura rica e expressiva, que bem ou mal tem um sistema político e de governo.