Sincronização e Heterocronismo nas Organizações Desportivas Autárquicas do Distrito de Viseu

Neste estudo pretendemos analisar a valorização atribuída aos princípios da Sincronização e do Heterocronismo por parte das organizações desportivas. Para avaliar o grau de concordância das comunidades desportivas, aplicou-se o questionário de Análise Institucional de Azevedo (2014) e, para caracterizar as organizações em tipologias de quadrante, recorreu-se ao modelo de análise Mesoscópio (Figueiredo, 2006a). Participaram no estudo 154 inquiridos, pertencentes e distribuídos pelas 24 organizações desportivas autárquicas do distrito de Viseu e com diferentes cargos nas respetivas estruturas hierárquicas. Os resultados revelam diferenças significativas na valorização atribuída, quer ao polo Sincronização, quer ao Polo Heterocronismo, assim como a integração das organizações em tipologias de 1.º e 3.º quadrantes, de acordo com as respetivas preferências. Concluímos que as intenções das comunidades desportivas visam regular e fornecer estabilidade ao comportamento social e desportivo organizacional, de modo a serem aceites e reconhecidas pelos seus pares.

Leadership and Pedagogical Interaction as Predictors of Learning Outcomes in Physical Education

This research aims to understand the relative contribution of leadership styles and teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction concerning learning performance and academic achievement in Physical Education. A quantitative methodology was implemented, comprising a sample of 447 students attending a school grouping located in the coastal region of central Portugal. In order to verify the nature, the strength and the direction of the relations among the variables, correlation and multiple regression analyses were used. For this, scales already validated and used in other researches were applied. The results show that the learning performance and the academic achievement are significantly associated with teacher leadership styles and teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction. A stronger association was obtained with leadership styles, especially the democratic one. It should be mentioned that these factors provide a higher relative contribution to the learning performance than to the academic achievement. The analysis conducted highlights the importance of the democratic teacher leadership style and of the pedagogical interaction established within the classroom towards the improvement of students’ ability to understand the gains and the effort made in learning.

The Integration of Foreign Students in the Portuguese School of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education: the Case of a School Grouping in the Municipality of Viseu

The present study aims to understand whether the foreign students who have different nationalities but the Portuguese are integrated into the school of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education. With this purpose, a descriptive and phenomenological research was conducted, making use of documental analysis, as well as semi-structured interviews and sociometric tests. These two data collecting tools were applied to students attending from the 1st to the 4th school years, in three 1st Cycle of Basic Education schools, within a school grouping in Viseu. The data obtained through the interviews allow us to conclude that foreign students, in general, feel integrated both in the school and in the class they belong to. However, the analysis of the results of the sociometric tests reveals other data, allowing us to conclude that one of the students is neither integrated in the school, nor in the class he is part of.

Infografia: espaço de literacia em contexto de necessidades educativas especiais

Ainda que comummente associada ao jornalismo, a infografia atualiza potencialidades que pensamos redimensionar para diversos contextos educativos, incluindo a educação especial. Nesta comunicação descrevemos a infografia como uma ferramenta ao serviço da literacia, pelo cariz facilitador da compreensão das mensagens escritas. Propomos cartografar a utilização desta ferramenta ao serviço de crianças e jovens com necessidade educativas especiais, promovendo a literacia visual. A partir da análise de documentos reguladores da ação docente, de instrumentos e recursos didáticos à disposição de professores, descrevemos a pertinência da utilização da infografia para e com estes públicos. Paralelamente, propomos, neste âmbito, caracterizar e avaliar o impacto da utilização da infografia na compreensão de conteúdos escolares em diferentes anos de escolaridade.

Traditional Toys and Student Motivation and Commitment in Technological Education

Technological Education is a subject where students acquire knowledge and technical skills, which will enable them to analyse and resolve specific situations and will prepare them for an increasingly technological world. This course requires students to gain knowledge and know-how such that motivation and commitment are crucial for the development of classroom projects and activities. It is in this context that traditional toys come up in this study as catalysts for motivation and student interest. Thus, the aim of the research performed is to understand whether the units of work related to traditional toys promote the students’ motivation and commitment on Technological Education. In terms of methodology, we carried out an exploratory research of qualitative nature, based on semi-structured interviews with teachers and students in the 2nd cycle of basic education at five schools in the municipality of Viseu, Portugal. Nine teachers and forty-five Technological Education students, aged between 10 and 12 years, attending the 5th and 6th years of schooling participated. Content analysis of the answers revealed that the implementation of units of work involving the construction of traditional toys are conducive to students’ motivation and commitment, constituting an added value in Technological Education. As this is a classroom project, it allows students to apply technical knowledge they have acquired. Thus, starting from a first idea, it allows them to experience all of the stages of toy building, from conception to completion, contributing to greater student satisfaction in the teaching-learning process.

Emotional Skills and Promoting School Success in the 3rd Cycle: Students Perception

The perceptions about school play a central role in behavior, performance and learning outcomes. There is evidence that an improvement in emotional skills is associated with a higher school success. The aim of this paper is to know the relationship between internalizing and externalizing behaviors, emotional skills and academic success of students of the 3rd cycle of basic education. In order to promote students social and emotional skills, a pilot study in a School Grouping of the central region (Portugal) was carried out. It was made a diagnosis of disruptive behavior (ASEBA) and identified 6 children aged between 12 and 14 years old and followed by 3 focus groups with students, parents, and teachers, respectively. Six students mostly male were identified, with the predominance of externalizing behaviors and academic failure. They don’t like school and have no motivation for learning. The relationship between parents and teachers is conflictive. All parents have the utmost concern academic success and teachers perceived good practices, but without success. This program is seen in a perspective of empowerment of the educational agents to manage various environments and relationships. The results point to the importance of the systemic intervention program on the improvement of the social and emotional competences and academic achievement.

Traditional Toys and Student Motivation and Commitment in Technological Education

Problem Statement: This research aims to understand the contribution of traditional toys as catalysts for motivation and student commitment in the development of Technological Education projects and activities. Research Questions: To what extent do work units related to traditional toys promote student motivation and commitment in the subject of Technological Education. Purpose of Study: Technological Education requires students to gain knowledge and know-how such that motivation and commitment are crucial for the development of classroom projects and activities. It is in this context that traditional toys are assumed to be catalysts for motivation and student interest. Research Methods: In terms of methodology, an exploratory research of a qualitative nature was carried out, based on semi-structured interviews to teachers and students within a 2nd cycle of Basic Education environment, encompassing five state schools in the Viseu municipality, Portugal. Nine teachers and forty-five technological education pupils, aged between 10 and 12, attending the 5th and 6th years of schooling participated. Findings: Content analysis of the answers revealed that the implementation of work units involving the construction of traditional toys are conducive to student motivation and commitment. Starting off with an initial idea, pupils are enabled to experience all the stages of toy building, from conception to completion, contributing to greater student satisfaction in the teaching-learning process. Conclusions: The traditional toys constitute an added value in the subject of Technological Education, promoting student motivation and commitment in the development of projects and activities. Students acquire knowledge and skills, which will enable them to analyze and thus resolve specific situations and prepare them for an increasingly technological world.

Emotional skills and promoting School Success in the 3rd cycle: students perception

Problem Statement: The perceptions about school, play a central role in behavior, performance and results. There is evidence that an improvement in emotional skills is associated with a higher success. Research Questions: What is the relationship between internalizing and externalizing behaviors, emotional skills and academic success in the 3rd cycle of basic education? Purpose of Study: To promote social and emotional skills of students, in the 3rd cycle of basic education. Research Methods: A pilot study with groups of 7th year at a school central Portugal. Made diagnosis of disruptive behavior (ASEBA) was identified 6 children aged 12 0s and 14 and followed by 3 focus groups with students, parents, and teachers respectively. Findings: 6 students mostly male were identified (70 %), with the predominance of externalizing behaviors and academic failure. Not like school (80%) and have no motivation for learning. The relationship between parents and teachers is conflituoso. 100 % of parents have the utmost concern academic success and teachers perceptional good practices, but without success. Conclusions: This program is seen in a perspective of empowerment of the various educational agents to manage various environments and relationships. The results point to the importance of the focus group in the awareness of relational problems in schools. Less adjusted change behaviors imply the involvement of all educators.

Leadership and Pedagogical Interaction as Predictors of Learning Outcomes in Physical Education

Problem Statement: This research aims to understand the relative contribution of leadership styles and teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction concerning the learning performance and academic achievement in physical education. Research Questions: Are the teacher leadership style and the teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction related to the learning performance and academic achievement in physical education in basic schooling? Purpose of Study: There are several factors that contribute for the explanation of learning outcomes, namely teacher leadership styles in the classroom, as well as teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interactions. These factors are considered to be essential in the teaching-learning process and in the subsequent improvement of educational outcomes. Research Methods: A quantitative methodology was implemented, comprising a sample of 447 students attending a School Grouping located in the Central Region of Portugal. In order to verify the nature, the strength and the direction of the relations among the variables, correlation and multiple regression analyses were used. For this, scales already validated and used in other researches were applied. Findings: The results show that the learning performance and the academic achievement are significantly associated with teacher leadership styles and teacher-student and student-student pedagogical interaction. A stronger association was obtained with leadership styles, especially the democratic one. It should be mentioned that these factors provide a higher relative contribution to the learning performance than to the academic achievement. Conclusions: This study sought to deepen the understanding of the explanatory factors of academic success concerning the teaching-learning process in physical education. The analysis conducted highlights the importance of the democratic teacher leadership style and of the pedagogical interaction established within the classroom towards the improvement of students' ability to understand the gains and the effort made in learning.

O trabalho de grupo como fator potenciador da integração curricular no 1.º ciclo do ensino básico

Esta investigação visa perceber se o trabalho de grupo poderá ser uma estratégia potenciadora de integração curricular o 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (1.º CEB). Para isso, efetuou-se uma investigação de caráter descritivo, com recurso ao inquérito por questionário, a uma amostra de 43 professores do 1.º CEB a lecionarem em turmas de um agrupamento de escolas do concelho de Viseu (Portugal). Os dados revelam que os docentes atribuem grande importância à metodologia de trabalho de grupo, mas utilizam-na com uma frequência variável, na sua prática letiva, em sala de aula. Indicam também o trabalho de grupo como estratégia bastante utilizada para proceder à integração curricular. Todavia, são identificados alguns obstáculos a esta prática, sugerindo mudanças na organização escolar e nas atividades letivas dos professores.

Perceção dos professores sobre o lugar e a presença da Expressão Plástica na escola do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico

O presente estudo visa perceber de que forma os professores do 1.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (1.º Ciclo) promovem a Expressão Plástica, como valorizam a interdisciplinaridade e as competências específicas desta área, e que constrangimentos lhe reconhecem. Para tal, observámos esta área curricular em três domínios: como currículo prescrito, nos normativos legais do 1.º Ciclo; como currículo percecionado, nas opiniões e nas planificações dos docentes; e como currículo realizado, através do registo da prática docente em livro próprio (livro de sumários). Pudemos concluir que, apesar de os professores possuírem conhecimento relativamente aos documentos reguladores do currículo nacional, revelam dificuldades na sua operacionalização concreta e mantêm práticas afluentes ou subsidiárias aos conhecimentos pretendidos nas outras áreas. Aponta-se para uma formação que complemente e atualize os conhecimentos sobre as valências da Educação Artística Integrada e, nesse contexto, oriente uma nova didática para a Expressão Plástica.

Validação do questionário de mapeamento do conhecimento ético em estudantes de enfermagem

INTRODUÇÃO A construção e validação de instrumentos válidos que permitam obter informações sobre o Conhecimento Ético, é necessária, uma vez que se torna essencial que o enfermeiro pense, reflita e oriente a sua prática de acordo com o seu respetivo código deontológico. OBJETIVO Descrever o processo de validação do Questionário Mapeamento do Conhecimento Ético (QMCE). MÉTODOS Participaram 85 estudantes de enfermagem, com média de idades de 20,96 anos. Foi analisada a consistência interna e a validade de constructo. O Questionário Mapeamento do Conhecimento Ético (Cunha et al., 2013), é constituído por 4 Partes: Parte I: Dados Biográficos e Académicos, Parte II: Modo de Agir, Parte III: Escala Tipologia dos Valores (ETV), Parte IV: Escala Valores/Deveres e Éticos (EVDE). RESULTADOS O alfa de Cronbach final da Escala Tipologia dos Valores (alfa=.839), revelou uma boa consistência interna, assim como os da Escala Valores/Deveres e Éticos (alfa=.870). Os estudantes apresentaram na sua maioria um nível de conhecimento positivo, na Parte III Escala Tipologia dos Valores (ETV) e Parte IV: Escala Valores/Deveres e Éticos (EVDE), respetivamente com 50.6% e 55.3%. CONCLUSÕES As propriedades psicométricas do Questionário Mapeamento do Conhecimento Ético certificam a sua qualidade, enquanto instrumento a utilizar na avaliação do nível de conhecimento ético dos estudantes de enfermagem.

Fundamentos do agir ético em estudantes do ensino superior

Introduction: It is urgent that higher education in health develop a proactive ethico-moral commitment in students which is translated into the creation of socio-professional values. Objectives: To evaluate the ethical foundations which support morality in higher education students. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sithectional study, performed in 345 ESSV/IPV students, 80% female, average age of 20.82 years old. The “Questionário de Cidadania Ativa e Modo de Agir Ético” (CiAMAE) by Cunha (2015) was applied. Results: The results were 74.8% of the students showed a positive/adequate ethical method of acting; (with 45.8% adequate and 29% very adequate). In 25.2% the method of acting was ethically inadequate. The morality of the student’s actions were focused mostly on individualism and were based on the following ethical principles: 68.7% ethical subjectivism (69.1%♂ and 68.6%♀); 56.5% Relativism ( 56.5%♂ and 56.7%♀); 53.9% Deontological Ethics (Kant) (55.8%♂ and 47.0%♀); 11.3% Subjectivism/Ethical Selfishness (7.4%♂ and 12.3%♀). Conclusions: We may infer that the majority of the students do not have/ do not use an impartial consideration of good as criteria for morality of actions. They mostly manifested accepting an ethical subjectivist perspective, which means that good is not considered as a value for everyone. In contrast, applying the criteria of ethical impartiality would imply considering the greater good, and choosing/adopting the universal point of view in which any rational and enlightened student would choose for him/ herself and for others that universal greater good.

Adaptação do modelo ABCDE para comunicar a má notícia ao proprietário do paciente oncológico em medicina veterinária

Introdução: À semelhança do que ocorre na Medicina Humana, também em Medicina Veterinária, a prevalência da doença oncológica em animais de companhia tem vindo a aumentar significativamente. Desenvolvimento: A evolução da Medicina Veterinária, nas últimas décadas, veio trazer mudança nos paradigmas clínicos, nomeadamente no respeitante à relação com o animal mas também com o proprietário. Sendo a oncologia a especialidade em que há maior probabilidade de ter que comunicar uma má notícia, neste trabalho propõe-se a adaptação do modelo ABCDE da Medicina Humana para a Medicina Veterinária. Conclusões: A adaptação do modelo ABCDE para a Medicina Veterinária permite melhorar a comunicação com o proprietário cuidador e dotar os profissionais da equipe Médica Veterinária de melhores competências.

Dinâmica fisiológica da variabilidade cardíaca: uma abordagem estatística na síncope vasovagal

Introdução: A perda transitória da consciência e tónus postural seguido de rápida recuperação é definida como síncope. Tem sido dada atenção a uma síncope de origem central com descida da pressão sistémica conhecida por síncope vasovagal (SVV). Objetivos: A análise da variabilidade da frequência cardíaca (HRV) é uma das principais estratégias para estudar a SVV através de protocolos padrão (por exemplo tilt test). O principal objetivo deste trabalho é compreender a importância relativa de diversas variáveis, tais como pressão arterial diastólica e sistólica, (dBP) e (sBP), volume sistólico (SV) e resistência periférica total (TPR) na HRV. Métodos: Foram usados modelos estatísticos mistos para modelar o comportamento das variáveis acima descritas na HRV. Analisaram-se mais de mil e quinhentas observações de quatro pacientes com SVV, previamente testados com análise espectral clássica para a fase basal (LF/HF=3.01) e fases de tilt (LF/HF=0.64), indicando uma predominância vagal no período tilt. Resultados: O modelo 1 revelou o papel importante da dBP e uma baixa influência de SV, na fase de tilt, relativos à HRV. No modelo 2 a TPR revelou uma baixa influência na HRV na fase de tilt entre os pacientes. Conclusões: Verificou-se que a HRV é influenciada por um conjunto de variáveis fisiológicas, cuja contribuição individual pode ser usada para compreender as flutuações cardíacas. O uso de modelos estatísticos salientou a importância de estudar o papel da dBP e SV na SVV.