Pasado, presente y futuro de la crisis económica internacional

Incluye Bibliografía

América Latina al encuentro de China e India: perspectivas y desafíos en comercio e inversión

Incluye Bibliografía

Latin America meets China and India: prospects and challenges for trade and investment

Includes bibliography

La globalización y los nuevos escenarios del comercio internacional

Incluye Bibliografía

Chile: hacia un desarrollo inclusivo

Incluye Bibliografía

Globalization and the new international trade environment

Includes bibliography

Chile: towards inclusive development

Includes bibliography

América Latina, del auge a la crisis: desafíos de política macroeconómica

Incluye Bibliografía

La mondialisation et les nouveaux scénarios du commerce international

Inclut la bibliographie

Chile, para um desenvolvimento inclusivo

Incluye Bibliografía

Effect of Hot Air Drying on Ultrastructure of Crambe Seeds

This study was conducted to evaluate the morphologic modifications in tissues of the fruit and seed of the crambe (Crambe abyssinica Hochst. Ex R.E. Fr.) after drying at different temperatures. Fruits with a water content of 0.38 kg water/kg dry matter were harvested and manually homogenized. Drying was accomplished at 35, 45, 60, 75, and 90°C and at 21,9,7,5, and 2% relative humidity, respectively. After drying, the structure of the pericarp and tegument of the seed were evaluated and the embryo was removed from the fruit/seed for morphological analysis (structural and ultrastructural and the histolocalization of reserve substances). Drying at different temperatures did not affect the cellular structure of the tissues composing the pericarp of the fruits, but it disorganized the structure of the seed tegument. The cells of the tegument and cotyledons presented a contraction in their volumes. The lowest contractions in the cellular volumes of both the tegument and cotyledons occurred after drying at 35 and 45°C. The cytoplasm of the cotyledon cells contains oil drops and the protein bodies contain protein granules and starch grains. There were no changes in the cellular walls of the embryos of the fruits dried at different temperatures; however, ungluing of the medium lamella occurred. This damage occurred with greater intensity after drying at temperatures above 60°C. The form of the oil drops in the cytoplasm of the cotyledon cells was altered after drying. At temperatures above 60°C, the drops broke up and coalesced. After drying at 45 and 60°C, the form of some protein bodies was altered, whereas at 75 and 90°C coalescence of the protein bodies occurred in some cells. It was concluded that the identified alterations can affect the physiologic quality of crambe seeds. © 2013 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.

Latin America, from boom to crisis: macroeconomic policy challenges

Includes bibliography

Chile: evolución de las oportunidades para los niños, 1990-2006

Incluye Bibliografía

The evolution of opportunities for children in Chile, 1990-2006

Includes bibliography

Balance y renovación en el paradigma estructuralista del desarrollo latinoamericano

Incluye Bibliografía