Organisation interne d'une coalition de mouvements sociaux : l'influence des relations interpersonnelles. Le cas de la Coalition québécoise contre la réforme de l'assurance-emploi

À travers le cas de la Coalition québécoise contre la réforme de l’assurance-emploi, nous cherchons à comprendre quels sont les facteurs qui influencent les dynamiques internes d’une coalition de mouvements sociaux. Pour ce faire, nous effectuons, tout d’abord, une revue de la littérature axée sur les théories des mouvements sociaux et les coalitions de mouvements sociaux. Celle-ci nous permet de formuler l’hypothèse selon laquelle les relations interpersonnelles entre les représentants des différents groupes sociaux membres d’une coalition vont influencer sa durabilité et l’accomplissement de ses objectifs. Nous testons ensuite cette hypothèse en passant les données recueillies au filtre des indicateurs élaborés au sein de notre cadre théorique. Il s’agit donc de voir en quoi la structure de prise de décisions (processus décisionnel participatif et égalitaire, construction du plan d’action conjoint et élaboration des critères d’adhésion) et la présence de liens interpersonnels, préexistants à la formation de la Coalition, entre les individus membres de celle-ci, ont une influence sur son fonctionnement et sa continuité dans le temps. Enfin, nous terminons en analysant les liens personnels entre ces individus à travers l’ambiance dans les rencontres, le plaisir d’y participer et les relations qui s’y sont développées.

Ideación suicida y algunos factores biopsicosociales asociados con estas en pacientes adultos con leucemia, linfomas, cáncer gástrico o cáncer colorrectal Informe de investigación

El cáncer es una de las enfermedades con mayor impacto en la población mundial, debido a que genera alteraciones en las áreas de ajuste de los individuos, su núcleo familiar y social circundante. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo establecer la prevalencia de ideación suicida en pacientes con cáncer de tejidos blandos (leucemias y linfomas) y cáncer gástrico (colorectal). Fue un estudio exploratorio descriptivo, de la línea de investigación en Psicooncología y Cuidado Paliativo a la cual pertenece el proyecto: “Conducta suicida (ideación suicida, intención suicida y suicidio frustrado) y factores biopsicosociales asociadas a esta en pacientes con cáncer”. La población que participó en este estudio fueron pacientes adultos del Centro de Investigaciones oncológicas de la clínica San Diego CIOSAD. De esta investigación se puede concluir que la prevalencia de ideación suicida en pacientes con estos tipos de cáncer es de 4.9% (N=10). Los factores asociados a la ideación suicida fueron: número de hijos, dolor y ansiedad en la última semana y estrato socioeconómico

Proceso de Internacionalización y aproximación a la logística de servicios: TELMEX COLOMBIA

Telmex es una organización que inicia su operación como empresa estatal mexicana con bajos niveles de eficiencia, posterior a su privatización tomó un nuevo rumbo en sus procesos internos, llevándola a generar modelos de negocio diferenciados y enfocados a la prestación de servicios de telecomunicación a la vanguardia. A partir de la búsqueda de nuevos horizontes la compañía logra tener presencia en la mayoría de los países del continente americano operando bajo la marca de “Telmex Internacional”, y a su vez, con sus respectivas subsidiarias en cada uno de los diferentes países, con el objetivo de satisfacer las necesidades locales con mayor efectividad. Con el apoyo de los diferentes acercamientos teóricos se busca identificar los patrones que le permitieron a Telmex llegar a posicionarse como una compañía líder en el sector de las telecomunicaciones en Latinoamérica y específicamente en Colombia, manteniéndose en un mercado competitivo mediante la oferta de servicios de empaquetamiento ajustados a las necesidades de los clientes.

La construcción de memoria histórica como acto estético y medio de reconocimiento de las víctimas de la masacre de el salado

En el marco de la reparación a las víctimas del conflicto armado en Colombia, se han desarrollado iniciativas de carácter simbólico como la construcción de memoria histórica, en donde confluyen elementos de carácter artístico y cultural que buscan relatar lo sucedido y restaurar los lazos sociales quebrantados. A continuación, se analiza la manera en que estas iniciativas de construcción de memoria histórica a partir del arte, en el municipio de El Salado, se pueden considerar como un acto estético que configura la sensibilidad de los espacios y los tiempos para generar la visualización y reconocimiento de quienes se han visto vulnerados por la violencia. Se utilizan las teorías de Paul Ricoeur y Jaques Rancière como herramienta fundamental de análisis, así como las manifestaciones artísticas realizadas por los colectivos de víctimas y el CMH, con el fin de explicar la funcionalidad política y las relaciones que se establecen entre las dos variables fundamentales del trabajo, el arte y la memoria.

Análisis del modelo de Internacionalización de e-Tech Simulation según la teoría de redes

La teoría de redes de Johanson y Mattson (1988) explica como las pequeñas empresas, también conocidas como PyMes, utilizan las redes de negocio para desarrollar sus procesos de internacionalización. Es así que a través de las redes pueden superar sus limitaciones de tamaño para encontrar cierto tipo de fluidez y dinamismo en su gestión, con el fin de aprovechar los beneficios de la internacionalización. A partir del desarrollo y fortalecimiento de las relaciones dentro de la red la organización puede posicionarse en una instancia competitiva cada vez más fuerte (Jarillo, 1988). Según Forsgren y Johanson (1992), para los gerentes es importante coordinar la interacción entre los diferentes actores de la red, ya que a través de estas su posición dentro de la red mejora y así mismo el flujo de recursos será mayor. El propósito de este trabajo es analizar el modelo de internacionalización según la teoría de redes, desde una perspectiva cultural, de e-Tech Simulation una PyME “Born to be global” norteamericana. Esta empresa ha minimizado su riesgo de internacionalización, a través del desarrollo de acuerdos entre los diferentes actores. Al mejorar su posición dentro de la red, es decir al fortalecer aún más los lazos existentes y crear nuevas relaciones, la empresa ha obtenido mayores beneficios de la misma y ha logrado ser aún más flexible con sus clientes. Es por esto que a partir de este análisis se planteó una serie de recomendaciones para mejorar los procesos de negociación dentro de la red, bajo un contexto cultural. De igual forma se evidencio la importancia del papel del emprendimiento del gerente en los procesos de internacionalización, así como su habilidad para mezclar los recursos obtenidos de diferentes mercados internacionales para satisfacer las necesidades de los clientes.

Managing the duality of IHRM: unravelling the strategy and perceptions of key actors in South Korean MNCs

This research aims to extend our understanding of the duality between global integration and local responsiveness in multinational corporations (MNCs) by exploring the perceptions of corporate HR actors regarding the intra-organisational factors that alter the balance between these pressures. It examines the perceptions and actions of key actors in the context of two Korean MNCs. The study shows the importance attributed to a range of socio-procedural factors by corporate actors and which, therefore, inform the practical management of the dual forces, notably: HR expertise, social ties, trustworthy relationships and co-involvement in decision processes.

Artisanal mining's democratizing directions and deviations

Artisanal miners have tended to be portrayed in the literature and media as people who work hard and play hard, not infrequently depicted as ‘rough diamonds’ likely to cross the boundaries of appropriate behaviour through pursuit of wealth and flamboyant living, often at the cost of local environmental damage. A popular alternative image is that of marginalised labourers, driven by poverty to toil in harsh conditions and pursuing mining livelihoods in the face of national governments and large-scale mining companies’ subversion of their land and mineral rights. Both views reflect partial realities, but are inclined to exaggerate the position of miners as mischief-making rogues or victims. Through documentation of the multi-faceted nature of Tanzanian artisanal miners’ work and home lives during the country’s on-going economic mineralisation, we endeavour to convey a balanced rendering of their aspirations, occupational identity and social ties. Our emphasis is on their working lives as artisans, how they organise themselves and contend with the risks of their occupation, including their engagement with government policy and large-scale mining interests.

Acculturation experiences of Iraqi refugees in Australia: the impact of visa category

This paper examines the acculturation challenges facing Iraqi refugees in Australia, and the impact of humanitarian visa category. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with Temporary Protection Visa (TPV) holders and Permanent Protection Visa (PPV) holders living in Melbourne. The findings indicate that TPV holders identify the temporary visa regime as the primary obstacle to successful integration into Australian society. The findings also suggest that TPV refugees have developed a greater level of social ties outside their ethnic groups and are less focused on issues of cultural maintenance than refugees with PPVs. The insecurity associated with the temporary protection regime appears to have led to a decreased focus on cultural maintenance, in favour of the more immediate “survival” focus on material settlement needs and visa status. While the increased social contacts of TPV refugees with some mainstream groups may be considered a partial indicator of successful acculturation, these developments cannot be equated with “settlement” as the social ties are of a temporary or unstable nature. The overriding impact of the temporary visa regime is one of creating obstacles to the effective integration of TPV refugees.

Finding footy : female fan socialization and Australian rules football

The question of how, irrespective of gender, a person becomes a sports fan has been absent in sociological studies of sports supporters. Distinct from other studies of sport spectatorship that focus on the practices of already existing (and overwhelmingly male) fans, our research is the first to consider how women become supporters, and in doing so, it begins to redress the significant under-representation of women in sports fan research. From interviews with female supporters of the Australian Football League (AFL), this article identifies and critically assesses the modes by which women come to support sport. We propose four categories to explain the different ways women accomplish fandom, focusing on the importance of strong social ties and doxic actions in this process. The events, experiences and social relations that inform women's first encounters with AFL offers a template for the wider consideration of women as social agents in the sporting landscape.

Supporting emotion communication in information systems

Society is becoming increasingly reliant on Information Systems to meet its everyday communication requirements, yet many current implementations lack support for important conversational cues. One such cue is emotion communication. Emotion communication carries with it many signals that affect our behaviour, the interpretation of the message and provide a catalyst to other forms of communication such as empathy and the formation of social ties. Emotion itself can affect the very decision to communicate, or the way in which one may respond to a given communication. To explore the ways in which systems may better support emotion communication between members of a social group, a cloud-based information system was developed and trialled which both large and small groups. This paper presents results on how Information Systems can best support emotion communication in social groups.

Are defaults a family affair?: the relationship between kinship and microloan performance

A partir de uma grande base de dados fornecida por uma instituição de microcrédito do nordeste brasileiro, a relação entre parentesco e inadimplência é analisada. O presente trabalho mostra evidências de que o parentesco entre membros de um grupo solidário afeta positivamente a adimplência. Grupos em que todos os membros possuíam algum laço de parentesco entre si apresentaram uma probabilidade 24% menor de inadimplência do que grupo sem esses laços. Além disso, quando considerado apenas o primeiro empréstimo, grupos com 100% de parentesco entre os membros apresentaram uma probabilidade 45% menor de inadimplência em comparação com membros sem relações de parentesco. Os resultados deste trabalho também mostram que há uma relação negativa entre parentesco e probabilidade de mudança na formação de um grupo solidário. Essas análises permitem fazer inferências acerca dos mecanismos pelos quais o parentesco afeta o desempenho do microcrédito. Os resultados sugerem que o parentesco possui um benefício maior no processo de autosseleção do grupo. Além disso, os resultados também sugerem que o impacto positivo do parentesco nas atividades de automonitoramento compensa o enfraquecimento das atividades de enforcement.

A importância das redes de relacionamento para se formar uma parceria : um estudo de caso na ALESAT

This paper consists in a study case at the Alesat company, which aims at analyzing how the networks from the former companies Ale and Sat influence the formation of partnerships. The study was based on literature by Burt (1992), Granovetter (1973), Uzzi (1997), Contractor and Lorange (1988), Gulati (1998), Child and Faulkner (1998), and others, to verify how important the social relations were between the companies to the formation of a strategic alliance. The research method we adopted analyzed the first partnership between Ale and Sat and the last one that ended up with the merger of the companies resulting in a new company, Alesat. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2008 with the council board of the company. Secondary data were also collected from specific web sites from the area, such as ANP, Sindicom and Fecombustíveis, as well as from important newspapers in the market. The primary data were analyzed through the content analysis technique from Triviños (1987). The secondary data were analyzed through the documental analysis technique from Richardson (1985). This way, through the data collected, it can be concluded that the social ties between the companies were important in the partnership, and among the reasons that made the companies get together, the key one was the fact that the union would make possible to the companies act in regions in which they didn t have too much market share, making them a bigger player nationally wise

Segredos da alma: a dádiva da assistência de Enfermagem

The present study is an analysis of interpersonal relationships between the nursing staff and the patients under their care. Its objectives are to analyze ties/links that may possibly exist in such relationships and to describe, based on the experience of the patients, how they are received by the nursing staff, and what is the extent of their reliability on the nursing staff within the hospital. This investigation is analytical in nature and qualitative in approach, having as its leading thought Marcel Mauss s gift-exchange theory. The study involved eighteen in-patients, eight of them from government institutions, at a large hospital school and ten others from a private specialty hospital; both in the city of Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Data were collected between January and March 2006. Results point to ties being created between the nursing staff and patients irrespective of their social status, involving especially the development of friendship and reliability. We have noticed that in both services the interpersonal relationship is associated with the circulation of the symbolic goods mentioned in the patients discourse, such as attention, loving care and concern, among others, marking the formation of ties during hospital stay. Likewise, reliability is also present in close relationship with the technical competence of the professional. Patient hospitality is associated with the manner in which the patients were treated on being admitted to the hospital, although they also refer to hospitality at later moments, during the course of their treatment. Finally, we are in a position to say that there are ties/links between in-patients and nursing staff, irrespective of the patient s social status and class divide. It is thus evident that the antiutilitarian symbolism of gift to give, receive, give back -, which shapes the setting of social ties also takes place in today s utilitarian, individualistic and competitive societies. Thus, human beings whose existence is dependent on mutual relationships try to save their humanity, especially those who are fragile and dependent as is the case of the hospital in-patient

Trabalho de docência e comportamento micro-organizacional: A motivação do docente na área da saúde

Using the motivograma and interviews the degree of motivation of the survey participants was defined as satisfactory. On one hand there is satisfaction with the physiological needs, self-esteem and self confidence, on the other there is high dissatisfaction with the association and self-realization, justifying the request for strengthening the membership and performance improvements in the research area. Linking up security and association with the other ones group protection sentiments and work environment dependence sentiments prevail. It was concluded that: (1) Those satisfied ones declare that they are safe, protected and with good self-esteem doing their teaching work. The ones dissatisfied with the non-group belonging demonstrate dissatisfaction with the self-realization and expose their difficulties with social ties and the lack of integration in the teaching work. (3) The degree of motivation satisfactory is related to the satisfaction of basic needs, located in the first steps of Maslow's hierarchy. Accepting that the changes in higher education require motivated behaviors, the question arises: how can the motivation in teaching work be possible if the majority of organizations do not find a way to deal with the person of the Professor? Finally, the context of work is predominant in the provision of job satisfaction in teaching.

A criança hiperativa, a família, o discurso científico e a psicanálise

Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS