Aplicación para la transformación y estudio de archivos log

La aplicación Log2XML tiene como objeto principal la transformación de archivos log en formato texto con separador de campos a un formato XML estandarizado. Para permitir que la aplicación pueda trabajar con logs de diferentes sistemas o aplicaciones, dispone de un sistema de plantillas (indicación de orden de campos y carácter separador) que permite definir la estructura mínima para poder extraer la información de cualquier tipo de log que se base en separadores de campo. Por último, la aplicación permite el procesamiento de la información extraída para la generación de informes y estadísticas.Por otro lado, en el proyecto se profundiza en la tecnología Grails.

Disseny d'un sistema de log genèric per a la implementació de sistemes operacionals.

Aquest projecte permetrà aprofundir en el coneixement de l'estructura de funcionament del PL/SQL d'Oracle (crides a procediments i, especialment, tractament d'excepcions), en la utilització de JDBC com a mecanisme de comunicació entre JAVA i Oracle, i en l'ús de les classes de generació d'interfícies gràfiques d'usuari (swing) i, a més, permetrà posar en pràctica funcionalitats d'Oracle que no havia tingut oportunitat d'emprar, com ara tipus genèrics de dades, objectes persistents o transaccions autònomes.

Estudio y construcción de herramientas de validación HTML

The Final Year Project consists of two essentially different parts, which share acommon theme: HTML code validation. The first of these two parts focuses on the study of the validation process. It supplies a brief introduction to the evolution of HTML and XHTML, the new tags introduced in HTML5 and the most common errors found in today's websites. Already developed HTML validation tools are analyzed and examined in detail in order to compare their features and evaluate their performances. Lastly, a comparison of the parsing process in the most common browsers found nowadays is provided. In the second part of the project the focus of the project is shifted towards the development of a XHTML5 validation tool. The input is a XHTML5 file whose content may or may not comply with the W3C specification, and therefore, may or may not be a valid XHTML5 document. The output provided by this tool will be a fixed XHTML5 document and an error log returned in the form of a XML file. Information as to the course of action pursued to fix the error and its location will also be included.

Comparing correspondence analysis and the log-ratio alternative for representing categorical data

We compare correspondance análisis to the logratio approach based on compositional data. We also compare correspondance análisis and an alternative approach using Hellinger distance, for representing categorical data in a contingency table. We propose a coefficient which globally measures the similarity between these approaches. This coefficient can be decomposed into several components, one component for each principal dimension, indicating the contribution of the dimensions to the difference between the two representations. These three methods of representation can produce quite similar results. One illustrative example is given

Evaluation pré-TAVI : comparaison entre le scanner cardiaque et l'échocardiographie.

Objectifs: Comparer le CT et l'échocardiographie cardiaques pour l'évaluation pré-interventionnelle des patients éligibles pour un remplacement aortique percutané (TAVI). Matériels et méthodes: Trente patients (15F/15H, âge 84±7y) éligibles pour un TAVI par voie transfémorale (n=15) ou transapicale (n=15) ont bénéficié d'un CT pré-procédural pour évaluer le diamètre (DCT) valvulaire aortique. Une échographie trans-thoracique pré et post-TAVI a été effectuée pour évaluer le gradient trans-valvulaire (Gmax) et la différence (ΔGmax), et une échographie trans-oesophagienne (ETO) pour confirmer le diamètre valvulaire (DUS). Le test-t de Student, le test de Lin (ρc) et le test de Bland-Altman (LOA) ont été utilisés pour les comparaisons. Résultats: Le DCT était similaire chez les patients bénéficiant d'un TAVI transfémoral ou transapical (22.9±3.0mm vs. 21.2±1.5mm,p=0.06). Le DCT était plus bas que le DUS (22.2±2.6mm vs. 23.3±2.1mm,p=0.017) et l'agrément entre DCT et DUS était modéré (ρc=0.62,différence moyenne=-1.1±1.9mm, 95%LOA:-4.8-2.6). Le Gmax pré-TAVI était similaire chez les patients ayant un TAVI transfémoral ou transapical (70.8±33.7 vs. 86.3±24.0mmHg,p=0.17). Le Gmax post-TAVI était plus bas que le Gmax pré-TAVI (78.5±29.7 vs. 16.8±5.1mmHg,p<0.001). Le ΔGmax était similaire pour les TAVI transfémoraux ou transapicaux (46.3±28.6 vs. 70.4±25.1 mmHg,p=0.05). Conclusion: Le CT cardiaque représente une alternative non-invasive à l'ETO pour l'évaluation pré-TAVI du diamètre valvulaire aortique.

A Log-linear model of grain size influence on the geochemistry of sediments

Sediment composition is mainly controlled by the nature of the source rock(s), and chemical (weathering) and physical processes (mechanical crushing, abrasion, hydrodynamic sorting) during alteration and transport. Although the factors controlling these processes are conceptually well understood, detailed quantification of compositional changes induced by a single process are rare, as are examples where the effects of several processes can be distinguished. The present study was designed to characterize the role of mechanical crushing and sorting in the absence of chemical weathering. Twenty sediment samples were taken from Alpine glaciers that erode almost pure granitoid lithologies. For each sample, 11 grain-size fractions from granules to clay (ø grades &-1 to &9) were separated, and each fraction was analysed for its chemical composition.The presence of clear steps in the box-plots of all parts (in adequate ilr and clr scales) against ø is assumed to be explained by typical crystal size ranges for the relevant mineral phases. These scatter plots and the biplot suggest a splitting of the full grain size range into three groups: coarser than ø=4 (comparatively rich in SiO2, Na2O, K2O, Al2O3, and dominated by “felsic” minerals like quartz and feldspar), finer than ø=8 (comparatively rich in TiO2, MnO, MgO, Fe2O3, mostly related to “mafic” sheet silicates like biotite and chlorite), and intermediate grains sizes (4≤ø &8; comparatively rich in P2O5 and CaO, related to apatite, some feldspar).To further test the absence of chemical weathering, the observed compositions were regressed against three explanatory variables: a trend on grain size in ø scale, a step function for ø≥4, and another for ø≥8. The original hypothesis was that the trend could be identified with weathering effects, whereas each step function would highlight those minerals with biggest characteristic size at its lower end. Results suggest that this assumption is reasonable for the step function, but that besides weathering some other factors (different mechanical behavior of minerals) have also an important contribution to the trend.Key words: sediment, geochemistry, grain size, regression, step function

Aplicación de técnicas de minería de datos a los log generados por CATEDU

Extracción de conocimiento de los log generados por un servidor web aplicando técnicas de minería de datos.

Dépistage du cancer pulmonaire par scanner thoracique [Computed tomography screening for lung cancer].

Lung cancer screening has been the focus of intense interest since the publication in 2011 of the NLST trial (National Lung Screening Trial) showing a mortality reduction in smokers undergoing 3-year screening by chest computed tomography. Although these data appear promising, many issues remain to be resolved, such as high rate of false positive cases, risk of overdiagnosis, optimal intervals between screens, duration of the screening process, feasibility, and cost. Structured screening programs appear crucial to guarantee patient information, technical quality, and multidisciplinary management. Despite these uncertainties, several guidelines already state that screening should be performed in patients at risk, whereas investigators stress that more data are needed. How should the primary care physician deal with individual patients requests? This review provides some clues on this complex issue.

Eddy current effects on a clinical 7T-68 cm bore scanner.

INTRODUCTION: Eddy currents induced by switching of magnetic field gradients can lead to distortions in short echo-time spectroscopy or diffusion weighted imaging. In small bore magnets, such as human head-only systems, minimization of eddy current effects is more demanding because of the proximity of the gradient coil to conducting structures. METHODS: In the present study, the eddy current behavior achievable on a recently installed 7 tesla-68 cm bore head-only magnet was characterized. RESULTS: Residual effects after compensation were shown to be on the same order of magnitude as those measured on two whole body systems (3 and 4.7 T), while using two to three fold increased gradient slewrates.

Detection of millimetric deformation using a terrestrial laser scanner: experiment and application to a rockfall event

Abstract. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is one of the most promising surveying techniques for rockslope characteriza- tion and monitoring. Landslide and rockfall movements can be detected by means of comparison of sequential scans. One of the most pressing challenges of natural hazards is com- bined temporal and spatial prediction of rockfall. An outdoor experiment was performed to ascertain whether the TLS in- strumental error is small enough to enable detection of pre- cursory displacements of millimetric magnitude. This con- sists of a known displacement of three objects relative to a stable surface. Results show that millimetric changes cannot be detected by the analysis of the unprocessed datasets. Dis- placement measurement are improved considerably by ap- plying Nearest Neighbour (NN) averaging, which reduces the error (1σ ) up to a factor of 6. This technique was ap- plied to displacements prior to the April 2007 rockfall event at Castellfollit de la Roca, Spain. The maximum precursory displacement measured was 45 mm, approximately 2.5 times the standard deviation of the model comparison, hampering the distinction between actual displacement and instrumen- tal error using conventional methodologies. Encouragingly, the precursory displacement was clearly detected by apply- ing the NN averaging method. These results show that mil- limetric displacements prior to failure can be detected using TLS.

Evolution of a debris flow channel monitored using a 3D terrestrial laser scanner

Like numerous torrents in mountainous regions, the Illgraben creek (canton of Wallis, SW Switzerland) produces almost every year several debris flows. The total area of the active catchment is only 4.7 km², but large events ranging from 50'000 to 400'000 m³ are common (Zimmermann 2000). Consequently, the pathway of the main channel often changes suddenly. One single event can for instance fill the whole river bed and dig new several-meters-deep channels somewhere else (Bardou et al. 2003). The quantification of both, the rhythm and the magnitude of these changes, is very important to assess the variability of the bed's cross section and long profile. These parameters are indispensable for numerical modelling, as they should be considered as initial conditions. To monitor the channel evolution an Optech ILRIS 3D terrestrial laser scanner (LIDAR) was used. LIDAR permits to make a complete high precision 3D model of the channel and its surroundings by scanning it from different view points. The 3D data are treated and interpreted with the software Polyworks from Innovmetric Software Inc. Sequential 3D models allow for the determination of the variation in the bed's cross section and long profile. These data will afterwards be used to quantify the erosion and the deposition in the torrent reaches. To complete the chronological evolution of the landforms, precise digital terrain models, obtained by high resolution photogrammetry based on old aerial photographs, will be used. A 500 m long section of the Illgraben channel was scanned on 18th of August 2005 and on 7th of April 2006. These two data sets permit identifying the changes of the channel that occurred during the winter season. An upcoming scanning campaign in September 2006 will allow for the determination of the changes during this summer. Preliminary results show huge variations in the pathway of the Illgraben channel, as well as important vertical and lateral erosion of the river bed. Here we present the results of a river bank on the left (north-western) flank of the channel (Figure 1). For the August 2005 model the scans from 3 viewpoints were superposed, whereas the April 2006 3D image was obtained by combining 5 separate scans. The bank was eroded. The bank got eroded essentially on its left part (up to 6.3 m), where it is hit by the river and the debris flows (Figures 2 and 3). A debris cone has also formed (Figure 3), which suggests that a part of the bank erosion is due to shallow landslides. They probably occur when the river erosion creates an undercut slope. These geometrical data allow for the monitoring of the alluvial dynamics (i.e. aggradation and degradation) on different time scales and the influence of debris flows occurrence on these changes. Finally, the resistance against erosion of the bed's cross section and long profile will be analysed to assess the variability of these two key parameters. This information may then be used in debris flow simulation.