994 resultados para Ventilação mecânica : Efeitos adversos
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Patients that are mechanically ventilated in ICUs are constantly exposed to different pathogens, which present multiantibiotic resistance. Among these microorganisms, is MRSA (Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) considered to be a therapeutic challenge due to its resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. Therefore, this study proposed to identify species of Staphylococcus spp. isolated from mechanically ventilated patients in ICU, the gene mecA detection and the genes of the enterotoxins A (sea), B (seb), C (sec-1) and D (sed) in samples of S. aureus, as well as the phenotypic resistance determination to oxacillin using the disc-diffusion method with discs of oxacillin and cefoxitin. The samples collection occurred during in a period of 19 months, obtaining samples from 232 patients. A percentage of 39% (70) of Gram-positive cocci were found; which 82,8% (58) were identified as Staphylococcus spp,. among these, 75,8% (44) corresponded to S. aureus species and 47,7% were identified as MRSA. It was found resistance to both drugs in 31,8% of the S. aureus samples, 16 (36,3%) had the gene sea and 11 (25%) had the sec-1 gene. Among the coagulase-negative staphylococci obtained, the species most found was S. epidermidis, corresponding to 43% (6). The results revealed that one of the most important etiologic agents of VAP amid the Gram-positive cocci is the species S. aureus, with special attention to MRSA. The presence of enterotoxins genes in S. aureus did not showed determinant role in VAP, but the presence of these superantigens can contribute worsening the patient’s prognosis, since they are associated with intense inflammatory response
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Pós-graduação em Odontologia Restauradora - ICT
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The Micro and Small Enterprises are in a special group of companies it given potential for development, employability, and integration into society. Although in Brazil they have high mortality rates, resulted to creation of the Statute of Micro and Small Enterprise in order to encourage it through tax benefits and advantages in public procurement processes. However, the other side of the debate, the public procurement process is the moment when the Public Sector relates to the Private Sector to materialize works, services and shopping. These procurement processes have itself weaknesses, such as excessive bureaucracy, delays and corruption, leading us to inquire: is a good idea promotes the development of micro and small enterprises through weaknesses procurement process? This discussion using theoretical framework, and an analysis of two case studies where the winners of procurement were two enterprises benefited from the Statute of Micro and Small Enterprises
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Relatório de Trabalho de Projeto apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Enfermagem Médico-cirúrgica
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Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a health care related infection and the second leading cause of nosocomial infections linked to morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, the implementation of care guideline protocols has become necessary for critically ill patients in ICUs in order to provide adequate treatment. Objective: To assess the impact of a package called FAST HUG in PAV ; analyze the risk factors for occurrence of VAP in adult patients at an ICU of a private hospital ; analyze the clinical characteristics of patients who were or were not submitted to the FAST HUG ; analyze the etiology of microorganisms related to EPI ; determine the cost of hospitalization in patients with pneumonia and in patients who received the FAST HUG.Methods: The study was performed in a private hospital that has an 8-bed ICU. It was divided into two phases: before implementing FAST HUG, from August 2011 to August 2012 and after the implementation of FAST HUG, from September 2012 to December 2013. An individual form for each patient in the study was filled out by using information taken electronically from the hospital medical records. The following data for each patient was obtained: age, gender, reason for hospitalization, the use of three or more types of antibiotics, length of stay, intubation time and progress. Findings: After the implementation of FAST HUG, there was an observable decrease in the occurrence of VAP (p <0.01), as well as a reduction in mortality rates (p <0.01). It also shows that the intervention performed in the study resulted in a significant reduction in ICU hospital costs (p <0.05).Conclusion: The implementation of FAST HUG reduced the cases of VAP. Thus, decreasing costs, reducing mortality rates and length of stay, which therefore resulted in an improvement to the overall quality of care.
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Objective: To know the mothers’ perception of the main difficulties in the care of children with special needs dependent on mechanical ventilation. Methods: A qualitative research conducted from August to November 2013 at the Dr. Waldemar Alcântara Hospital in Fortaleza, CE. Respondents were seven mothers of children under mechanical ventilation. Data were collected using sociodemographic questionnaires and guiding questions, from which emerged thematic categories that underwent content analysis, with data being discussed in the light of the relevant literature. Results: The average age of mothers ranged 18-36 years. Six were married or had formed a common-law marriage. Education level ranged from illiteracy to complete secondary education. Family income was up to one minimum wage. Mothers reported anguish and fear regarding the initial impact of the diagnosis, with little understanding of the biomedical language and a lot of questions during the whole period after diagnosis and during hospitalization. Conclusion: Difficulties involve aspects related to family abandonment, the distancing from the other children at the expense of the care of the disable child, the difficulty in engaging in social relationships, and the prognosis and care of their child. The hospital environment generates psychological repercussions on the expectation and hopelessness regarding the cure of their child, as they know they might die. Healthcare professionals can favor incredible transformations, generating a new “care”, broader and humanized, facilitating the recovery/restructuring of the family within this new universe.
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Módulo da Atenção Domiciliar, compõe o curso Oxigenoterapia e Ventilação Mecânica em Atenção Domiciliar, com carga horária de 45 horas. Este é um dos cursos do Programa Multicêntrico de Qualificação Profissional em Atenção Domiciliar a Distância, produzido pelo Núcleo de Educação em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Nescon/UFMG) sob a coordenação do MS/SGTES-UNASUS. Suas atividades são autoinstrucionais e sua temática desenvolve-se por meio das seguintes unidades educacionais: Unidade 1 – Oxigenoterapia (Conceitos e princípios; indicações e fontes de oxigênio; sistemas e dispositivos para oxigenoterapia). Unidade 2 – Ventilação mecânica ( Conceitos e princípios; ventilação mecânica não invasiva: ventiladores e acessórios; modos e modalidades ventilatórias, indicações, contraindicações e complicações). Unidade 3 – Traqueostomia (Conceito; Cânula de traqueostomia: indicações e tipos; plano de cuidado individual para a pessoa traqueostomizada em atenção domiciliar). Unidade 4 – Avaliação e fisioterapia respiratória (Avaliação respiratória; fisioterapia respiratória: classificação e indicação de técnicas fisioterapêuticas).
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O material é componente do Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Pessoa Idosa da UNA-SUS/UFMA (Unidade 03, do módulo 03). Trata-se de um recurso educacional interativo que mostra os eventos adversos e contraindicações à Vacina para Influenza ou Gripe - Myxovirus influenza para idosos.
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O material é componente do Curso de Especialização em Saúde da Pessoa Idosa da UNA-SUS/UFMA (Unidade 03, do módulo 03). Trata-se de um diagrama que mostra os sintomas gerais, efeitos colaterais e contraindicações à Vacina Anti-Pnemocócica.
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Módulo da Atenção Domiciliar, compõe o curso Oxigenoterapia e Ventilação Mecânica em Atenção Domiciliar, com carga horária de 45 horas. Este é um dos cursos do Programa Multicêntrico de Qualificação Profissional em Atenção Domiciliar a Distância, produzido pelo Núcleo de Educação em Saúde Coletiva da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (Nescon/UFMG) sob a coordenação do MS/SGTES-UNASUS. Suas atividades são autoinstrucionais e sua temática desenvolve-se por meio das seguintes unidades educacionais: Unidade 1 – Oxigenoterapia (Conceitos e princípios; indicações e fontes de oxigênio; sistemas e dispositivos para oxigenoterapia). Unidade 2 – Ventilação mecânica ( Conceitos e princípios; ventilação mecânica não invasiva: ventiladores e acessórios; modos e modalidades ventilatórias, indicações, contraindicações e complicações). Unidade 3 – Traqueostomia (Conceito; Cânula de traqueostomia: indicações e tipos; plano de cuidado individual para a pessoa traqueostomizada em atenção domiciliar). Unidade 4 – Avaliação e fisioterapia respiratória (Avaliação respiratória; fisioterapia respiratória: classificação e indicação de técnicas fisioterapêuticas).
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Analisa as anemias num contexto prático, no programada Hanseníase, na atenção básica e mostrar um pouco da experiência do Ambulatório de Hanseníase do Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto.