Concordancia del diagnostico radiológico vs biopsia en patología pulmonar

En Colombia, la patología pulmonar es una de las causas mas frecuentes de consulta y morbilidad de servicios de medicina general y de medicina interna. Algunas de las patologías que se presentan a nivel neumológico requieren de un diagnostico exacto para su adecuado tratamiento, ya sean estas de índole infeccioso, tumoral u ocupacional. El Hospital Santa Clara (ESE) es una institución pública de referencia en enfermedades neumológicas en Bogotá y durante muchos años en el país. El servicio de anatomía patológica cuenta con un archivo sistematizado desde 1997 en el cual se identificó cada paciente con los diagnósticos emitidos por estudio de lavado broncoalveolar (BAL), biopsia transbronquial y biopsia abierta. Con los datos de este archivo y teniendo acceso a las historias clínicas de los pacientes fue revisado el diagnostico radiológico previo a las pruebas de patología para evaluar el grado de correlación entre los mismos. Se encontró registro de 268 pacientes en la base de datos ya mencionada, sobre los cuales se realizo el análisis por variables encontrando que la mayoría de procedimientos se realizo en hombres, con una edad promedio de 51 anos y diagnóstico más frecuente con el estudio anatomopatológico son las neoplasias primarias y el menos frecuente como es de esperarse por el fácil diagnostico de la misma con estudios no invasivos es la TBC. Para el estudio de concordancia diagnostica solo se tubo acceso a la información completa de 58 pacientes sobre los cuales se hizo el análisis encontrando un grado de concordancia débil (Kappa de 0.3236). El bajo grado de concordancia diagnostica encontrado podría estar influenciado por los problemas metodológicos propios de un estudio en el cual la información es tomada de historias clínicas, teniendo en cuenta que no se pudo hacer control de sesgos tan importantes como el grado de entrenamiento y experiencia de los diferentes radiólogos que realizaron la lectura, lo cual tiene también gran influencia en los resultados. Es necesario realizar estudios futuros donde se tenga en cuenta las dificultades técnicas que se tuvieron durante el desarrollo de este trabajo por la metodología utilizada y la influencia que pueden tener en los resultados para mejorarlos.

Procesos de enseñanza basados en la descripción semántica formal y explícita de documentación educativa.

La gestión de información constituye un proceso fundamental en el desarrollo de la sociedad, y la documentación educativa constituye un pilar fundamental en este contexto. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo fundamental el fundamentar el impacto directo que tiene la gestión de la semántica sobre: 1) la organización de la documentación educativa, 2) las facilidades de recuperación de información al utilizar sistemas más inteligentes de búsquedas de información basados en la semántica, además del 3) soporte a las herramientas de integración entre diferentes servicios. En este artículo se muestran los resultados alcanzados en el ámbito de Educative, proyecto de gestión integral de documentación educativa en el ámbito universitario en pos de una enseñanza universitaria más integral en el contexto cubano.

Colombia vs la basura electrónica, un partido que va empatado

Este reportaje aborda el desarrollo de la política colombiana para la gestión de residuos de teléfonos celulares, tabletas y computadores, desde la perspectiva de los actores implicados en el proceso y el impacto social de la problemática.

Nova Talenta: 2014-2015

Contenido Introducción 1. Inteligencia emocional, liderazgo transformacional y género: factores que influencian el desempeño organizacional / Ana María Galindo Londoño, Sara Urrego Mayorga; Director: Juan Carlos Espinosa Méndez. 2. El rol de la mujer en el liderazgo / Andrea Patricia Cuestas Díaz; Directora: Francoise Venezia Contreras Torres. 3. Liderazgo transformacional, clima organizacional, satisfacción laboral y desempeño. Una revisión de la literatura / Juliana Restrepo Orozco, Ángela Marcela Ochoa Rodríguez; Directora: Françoise Venezia Contreras Torres. 4. “E-Leadership” una perspectiva al mundo de las compañías globalizadas / Ángela Beatriz Morales Morales, Mónica Natalia Aguilera Velandia; Director: Juan Carlos Espinosa. 5. Liderazgo y cultura. Una revisión / Daniel Alejandro Romero Galindo; Directora: Francoise Venezia Contreras Torres. 6. La investigación sobre la naturaleza del trabajo directivo: una revisión de la literatura / Julián Felipe Rodríguez Rivera, María Isabel Álvarez Rodríguez; Director: Juan Javier Saavedra Mayorga. 7. La mujer en la alta dirección en el contexto colombiano / Ana María Moreno, Juliana Moreno Jaramillo ; Directora: Françoise Venezia Contreras Torres. 8. Influencia de la personalidad en el discurso y liderazgo de George W. Bush después del 11 de septiembre de 2011 / Karen Eliana Mesa Torres; Director: Juan Carlos Espinosa. 9. La investigación sobre el campo del followership: una revisión de la literatura / Christian D. Báez Millán, Leidy J. Pinzón Porras; Director: Juan Javier Saavedra Mayorga. 10. El liderazgo desde la perspectiva del poder y la influencia. Una revisión de la literatura / Lina María García, Juan Sebastián Naranjo; Director: Juan Javier Saavedra Mayorga. 11. El trabajo directivo para líderes y gerentes: una visión integradora de los roles organizacionales / Lina Marcela Escobar Campos, Daniel Mora Barrero; Director: Rafael Piñeros. 12. Participación emocional en la toma de decisiones / Lina Rocío Poveda C., Gloria Johanna Rueda L.; Directora: Francoise Contreras T. 13. Estrés y su relación con el liderazgo / María Camila García Sierra, Diana Paola Rocha Cárdenas; Director: Juan Carlos Espinosa. 14. “Burnout y engagement” / María Paola Jaramillo Barrios, Natalia Rojas Mancipe; Director: Rafael Piñeros.

La política comercial de Estados Unidos en el marco de la Organización Mundial del Comercio. Discurso vs. comportamiento con relación a prácticas anticompetitivas

El objetivo principal de esta monografía es identificar cuáles son las razones que justifican las contradicciones entre el discurso y el comportamiento de Estados Unidos en el marco de la Organización Mundial del Comercio, particularmente con relación a prácticas anticompetitivas derivadas del programa de protección a la agricultura del país. Para ello se analizan el interés nacional y los elementos de la seguridad nacional a partir de los cuales éste se ha construido. También se evalúan los procesos de formulación de política comercial y las interacciones entre los representantes políticos, las asociaciones de productores y el sector privado para mostrar como este comportamiento contradictorio corresponde a la legitimización de un interés particular.

Conceção e implementação de um projeto de educação sexual na turma : legislação vs literatura

A educação sexual é um processo que acompanha o indivíduo durante toda a sua vida. As alterações socioculturais das últimas décadas revelaram a necessidade de uma educação sexual formal que capacite os jovens para se relacionarem, com a sua sexualidade, de uma forma responsável e satisfatória. Foi produzida, em Portugal, legislação que decretou a educação sexual obrigatória nas escolas. É objetivo deste artigo analisar a legislação relativa à conceção e implementação de um projeto de educação sexual na turma e comparar as suas indicações com as propostas pela literatura. Constatamos que, na generalidade, a legislação está de acordo com as orientações da literatura: as finalidades propostas consideram uma perspetiva abrangente da sexualidade, o projeto educativo da escola parece corresponder à necessidade de participação da comunidade envolvente, o projeto de educação sexual na turma pode ir de encontro às necessidades dos alunos, é considerada a participação de toda a comunidade escolar e de parceiros externos e a carga horária enquadra-se na exigida para este tipo de projeto. Contudo, as características individuais dos docentes e a sua disponibilidade para integrarem este tipo de projetos não é considerada pela legislação, contrariamente ao recomendado pela literatura. Podemos assim afirmar que, de forma global, a legislação portuguesa parece corresponder às exigências inerentes à implementação de projetos de educação sexual.

Exploring the construction of social class in educational discourse: the rational order of the nation state vs. global uncertainties

This article aims to create intellectual space in which issues of social inequality and education can be analyzed and discussed in relation to the multifaceted and multi-levelled complexities of the modern world. It is divided into three sections. Section One locates the concept of social class in the context of the modern nation state during the period after the Second World War. Focusing particularly on the impact of ‘Fordism’ on social organization and cultural relations, it revisits the articulation of social justice issues in the United Kingdom, and the structures put into place at the time to alleviate educational and social inequalities. Section Two problematizes the traditional concept of social class in relation to economic, technological and sociocultural changes that have taken place around the world since the mid-1980s. In particular, it charts some of the changes to the international labour market and global patterns of consumption, and their collective impact on the re-constitution of class boundaries in ‘developed countries’. This is juxtaposed with some of the major social effects of neo-classical economic policies in recent years on the sociocultural base in developing countries. It discusses some of the ways these inequalities are reflected in education. Section Three explores tensions between the educational ideals of the ‘knowledge economy’ and the discursive range of social inequalities that are emerging within and beyond the nation state. Drawing on key motifs identified throughout, the article concludes with a reassessment of the concept of social class within the global cultural economy. This is discussed in relation to some of the major equity and human rights issues in education today.

Multidivisional vs metanational governance of the multinational enterprise

The effective and efficient management of diversified business firms that supply multiple products and operate in multiple, dynamic markets, especially large multinational enterprises (MNEs), builds upon a number of specific governance principles. These governance principles allow the alignment of environmental characteristics, strategy and organization. Given the rising need to “learn from the world”, Doz et al., in their influential Harvard Business School Press book entitled From Global to Metanational, have proposed a new set of governance principles described under the “metanational” umbrella concept. This paper revisits the metanational, using a comparative institutional perspective; here we contrast multidivisional and metanational governance principles. A comparative institutional analysis suggests that the metanational's application potential in terms of actually improving the effectiveness and efficiency of MNE governance may be subject to more qualification than suggested by Doz et al. Senior MNE management must therefore reflect carefully before substituting metanational governance principles for the more conventional, multidivisional ones with established contributions to managerial effectiveness and efficiency.

Oil price shocks and policy implications the emergence of U.S. tight oil production: a case study

How have shocks to supply and demand affected global oil prices; and what are key policy implications following the resurgence of oil production in the United States? Highlights: − The recent collapse in global oil prices was dominated by oversupply. − The future of tight oil in the United States is vulnerable to obstacles beyond oil prices. − Opinions on tight oil from the Top 25 think tank organizations are considered. Global oil prices have fallen more than fifty percent since mid-2014. While price corrections in the global oil markets resulted from multiple factors over the past twelve months, surging tight oil production from the United States was a key driver. Tight oil is considered an unconventional or transitional oil source due to its location in oil-bearing shale instead of conventional oil reservoirs. These qualities make tight oil production fundamentally different from regular crude, posing unique challenges. This case study examines these challenges and explores how shocks to supply and demand affect global oil prices while identifying important policy considerations. Analysis of existing evidence is supported by expert opinions from more than one hundred scholars from top-tier think tank organizations. Finally, implications for United States tight oil production as well as global ramifications of a new low price environment are explored.

Educação ambiental: mediações sociais e políticas e a indolência do Poder Público à sua inclusão no ensino formal

As a result of the prediction of irreversible changes on necessary conditions to maintain life, including human, on the planet, environmental education got the spotlight in the political scenario, due to social pressure for the development of individual and collective values, knowledge, skills, attitudes and competences towards environmental preservation. In Brazil, only in 1999 the right for environmental education was officially granted to people, having the status of essential and permanent component in the country s education. Since then, it has been Government s duty, in each federal branch, to plan actions to make it happen, in an articulate way in all levels and modalities of the education process, both formally and informally. This work of research has environmental education in the school as subject matter, and aims on analyzing social and political mediations established between this National Environmental Education policy and the contexts associated to the legislative production process, the political nature of the conceptions about environmental education that underlie Law 9.795/99 (Brazil, 2009c) and also Rio Grande do Norte Government s actions and omissions related to the imperative nature of the insertion of environmental education in the schools ran by the state, during the ten years this law has been in force. The investigation of the subject matter was led by a social and historical understanding of the social and environmental phenomena, as well as of the education system as a whole, considering that only through a dialectical view we can see the real world, by destroying the pseudo-concreteness that surrounds the topic. While analyzing, we assumed that in face of the dominance of a social organization in which market regulations rule on environmental ones, by developing individual and collective critical conscience, environmental education can become a threat to dominant economical interests in exploiting natural resources. The results of this research suggest that as an educational practice to be developed in an integrated, continuous and permanent fashion in all levels and modalities of formal education, environmental education has not yet come to pass in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, due to the neglect and disrespect of the government when facing the need of promoting the necessary and legally appointed measures to make it present in the basic education provided by the state. The legislators silence when it comes to approving a regulation on environmental education essential to define policies, rules and criteria to teaching the subject in the state and the omission from the public administration regarding critical actions in order to integrate in public schools the activities related to the National Environmental Education Policy, represent a political decision for not doing anything, despite the legal demand for an active position. This neglecting attitude for the actualizing of strategically concrete actions, urgent and properly planned for the implementation of environmental education in schools in a multidisciplinary way, exposes the lack of interest the predominant classes have in such kind of education being made available, as it could be developed based on a critic political view, becoming a political and educational action against dominance. When analyzing the basic principles and fundamental goals in Law 9.795/99 (Brazil, 2009c) the development of a critic environmental education is really possible and concurs with the National Environmental Education Policy, reflecting the social and political mediations established between this public policy and the contexts associated to its legislative production process, which are responsible for approving a regulation which also represents the mind of the people about environmental protection above anything else

Modeling regional macroeconomic interactions: situation and perspectives for macroeconomic coordination in Latin America. Background paper prepared for the REDIMA workshop on Modeling Macroeconomic Coordination in the Andean Community, (Santiago, Chile 22 October 2003)""

Includes bibliography

Degradação anunciada do trabalho formal na Sadia, em Toledo (PR)

Pós-graduação em Geografia - FCT

Product-portfolio management: A framework based on Methods, Organization, and Strategy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Interrogativas encaixadas vs. relativas sem antecedente: contribuições da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional

This work deals with the distinction between embedded questions and headless relatives, that was already pointed out as problematic in several studies based on generative approach. The purpose is to examine to what extent functional aspects, as proposed by the theory of Functional Discourse Grammar (HENGEVELD; MACKENZIE, 2008) to describe the two types of clauses can contribute to the explanation of the differences and similarities between them. Based on representative occurrences of spoken Brazilian Portuguese, we demonstrated that the approach of Functional Discourse Grammar provides important parameters for defining the nature of these two types of clauses, in both formal and functional (semantic-discursive) terms, contributing thus to the existing proposals for the distinction between these clauses.

A Educação Não-Formal a partir dos relatórios da UNESCO

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)