Analysis and optimisation of semiconductor reflective modulators for optical networks

Reflective modulators based on the combination of an electroabsorption modulator (EAM) and semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) are attractive devices for applications in long reach carrier distributed passive optical networks (PONs) due to the gain provided by the SOA and the high speed and low chirp modulation of the EAM. Integrated R-EAM-SOAs have experimentally shown two unexpected and unintuitive characteristics which are not observed in a single pass transmission SOA: the clamping of the output power of the device around a maximum value and low patterning distortion despite the SOA being in a regime of gain saturation. In this thesis a detailed analysis is carried out using both experimental measurements and modelling in order to understand these phenomena. For the first time it is shown that both the internal loss between SOA and R-EAM and the SOA gain play an integral role in the behaviour of gain saturated R-EAM-SOAs. Internal loss and SOA gain are also optimised for use in a carrier distributed PONs in order to access both the positive effect of output power clamping, and hence upstream dynamic range reduction, combined with low patterning operation of the SOA Reflective concepts are also gaining interest for metro transport networks and short reach, high bit rate, inter-datacentre links. Moving the optical carrier generation away from the transmitter also has potential advantages for these applications as it avoids the need for cooled photonics being placed directly on hot router line-cards. A detailed analysis is carried out in this thesis on a novel colourless reflective duobinary modulator, which would enable wavelength flexibility in a power-efficient reflective metro node.

Manipulation of magnetic anisotropy in nanostructures

Of late, the magnetic properties of micro/nano-structures have attracted intense research interest both fundamentally and technologically particularly to address the question that how the manipulation in the different layers of nanostructures, geometry of a patterned structure can affect the overall magnetic properties, while generating novel applications such as in magnetic sensors, storage devices, integrated inductive components and spintronic devices. Depending on the applications, materials with high, medium or low magnetic anisotropy and their possible manipulation are required. The most dramatic manifestation in this respect is the chance to manipulate the magnetic anisotropy over the intrinsic preferential direction of the magnetization, which can open up more functionality particularly for device applications. Types of magnetic anisotropies of different nanostructured materials and their manipulation techniques are investigated in this work. Detail experimental methods for the quantitative determination of magnetic anisotropy in nanomodulated Ni45Fe55 thin film are studied. Magnetic field induced in-plane rotations within the nanomodulated Ni45Fe55 continuous films revealed various rotational symmetries of magnetic anisotropy due to dipolar interactions showing a crossover from lower to higher fold of symmetry as a function of modulation geometry. In a second approach, the control of exchange anisotropy at ferromagnetic (FM) – aniferomagnetic (AFM) interface in multifferoic nanocomposite materials, where two different phase/types of materials were simultaneously synthesized, was investigated. The third part of this work was to study the electroplated thin films of metal alloy nanocomposite for enhanced exchange anisotropy. In this work a unique observation of an anti-clock wise as well as a clock wise hysteresis loop formation in the Ni,Fe solid solution with very low coercivity and large positive exchange anisotropy/exchange bias have been investigated. Hence, controllable positive and negative exchange anisotropy has been observed for the first time which has high potential applications such as in MRAM devices.

Measuring Shared Value: How to Unlock Value by Linking Social and Business Results

Competitividad y valor compartido

Patriotic souvenir - Dominion Day, St. Catharines, Canada, 1915

Issued in aid of war relief and charity.

Estudio de caso: análisis de la influencia del movimiento pro-choice estadounidense en la promoción de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos en Colombia en el periodo de 2001 – 2011.

Los procesos transnacionales han marcado un cambio en las relaciones entre los actores del sistema internacional, permitiendo el trabajo por diversas causas a través de las fronteras. Esto ha sido aprovechado por los movimientos sociales, para que su lucha no quede enmarcada simplemente en su país, sino que a partir de objetivos, problemáticas, valores y acciones similares se vea reflejado en diferentes Estados y se de una acción común y colectiva para generar un cambio. Este fenómeno ha sido tomado como referente el Movimiento Pro-choice para articularse transnacionalmente en Colombia para la promoción de los Derechos Sexuales y Reproductivos en el periodo de 2001 a 2011, alcanzando una serie de objetivos importantes que han permitido cambios legales al interior del país, generando también un cambio dentro de la sociedad colombiana. El estudio, análisis y comprensión de la articulación del movimiento prochoice a partir de una dinámica transnacional para la promoción de los derechos sexuales y reproductivos en Colombia, se perfila como un tema de importancia por su coyuntura actual en el mundo, puesto que ha estado latente en los últimos veinte años. Igualmente, la identificación de la acción de los MST como otros actores internacionales en la transformación de las sociedades tanto locales como internacionales, traducido como un fenómeno que se puede explicar dentro de las Relaciones Internacionales.

(+)- and (-)-Mutisianthol: First Total Synthesis, Absolute Configuration, and Antitumor Activity

The first synthesis of the natural product (+)-mutisianthol was accomplished in 11 steps and in 21% overall yield from 2-methylanisole. The synthesis of its enantiomer was also performed in a similar overall yield. The absolute configuration of the sesquiterpene (+)-mutisianthol was assigned as (1S,3R). Key steps in the route are the asymmetric hydrogenation of a nonfunctionalized olefin using chiral iridium catalysts and the ring contraction of 1,2-dihydronaphthalenes using thallium(III) or iodine(III). The target molecules show moderate activity against the human tumor cell lines SF-295, HCT-8, and MDA-MB-435.

Maus ares e malária: entre os pântanos de Natal e o feroz mosquito africano (1892-1932)

The development of epidemiological practices in the last years of the nineteenth and early twentieth century was characterized by both an influence of medical geography and the emergence of microbes and vectors of diseases. Both theories were used to explain outbreaks in Rio Grande do Norte specially in Natal. In this process were organized new institutions linked to public health, unhealthy spaces and prescribed hygiene measures. The redefinitions of the spaces were linked to updated elements of Hippocratic medicine such as aerism and emphasis on medical topography. How the physicians of the town were organized in the face of new meanings and fields of expertise in the demarcation of diseases and regulation of their own practices against the illegal medical practitioners? Likewise, the very occurrence of epidemics mobilized people, urban institutions and apparatuses. But how the Hippocratic legacy that leads to the idea of bad air originated by swamps from the eighteenth and nineteenth century has been linked to new microbial assumptions and disease vectors in the early twentieth century? How an invader from Africa, (the mosquito A. gambiae) mobilized transnational efforts to combat malaria and redefined the epidemiological practices? The aim of this work is to understand how epidemiological practices redefine the way we define spaces, practices and disease from both an approach influenced by a relational history of spaces and a theoretical synergy which includes topics in Science Studies, Post Structuralist Geography and some elements of Feminist Studies. Documentary research were surveyed in the reports of the provincial presidents, government posts to the Provincial Assembly, specialized medical articles and theses, and documents from the Rockefeller Foundation and national and international journals. In this regard shall be given to both material and discursive aspects of space-related practical epidemiological that Natal as much (in general) Rio Grande do Norte between bad air and malaria.

Mujeres inmigrantes y mercado de trabajo en Santiago

Incluye Bibliografía

Effects of declining fertility on infant mortality levels: a study based on data from five Latin American countries

Includes bibliography

Right to health in Latin America: beyond universalization

Incluye bibliografía.

Frances Lander Spain Papers - Accession 4

The Frances Lander Spain Papers consists of correspondence, clippings, photographs, memorabilia, and copies of her publications relating to her involvement with professional library organizations such as the American Library Association; her library work in Thailand as a Fulbright and Rockefeller Foundation grantee (1951-1952 and 1964-1965); and her work as coordinator of children’s services at the N.Y. Public Library (1953-1961). Correspondents include librarian Louis Round Wilson. There is also a family history which includes the family names Chambers, Collier, Cook, Crossland, Dantzler, Gran, Hardeman, Lander, McDaniel, McPherson, Miller, Pearce, Pierce, Schenk, Snead, Spain, Sparks, Warlick and Zimmerman.

Mary Elizabeth Massey Papers - Accession 20

The Mary Elizabeth Massey Papers consist of Dr. Massey’s professional and organizational files and includes biographical data, correspondence, lecture and teaching materials, rough notes and unpublished drafts of Dr. Massey’s journal articles and books, speeches, research notes and photo and typescript copies of historical manuscripts from other repositories. Most of the material pertains to Dr. Massey’s publishing efforts, her work as a Winthrop faculty member and scholar and her involvement with professional organizations, especially the Southern Historical Association and the Civil War Centennial Commission. While there is material extending from Dr. Massey’s student days at Hendrix College (a 1937 graduate), most of the substantive material extends from 1953-1973.

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 58 - Korrespondenzen u.a. mit Betty Drury (p. I 27, 186-333)

5 Briefe zwischen Konrad Wittwer und Max Horkheimer, 1936, 1938, 1939; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Joseph Wohl, 18.08.1934; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Hedwig Wollenberger, 25.02.1941; 2 Briefe zwischen Richard Wolf und Max Horkheimer, 22.10.1938, 07.11.1938; 2 Briefe zwischen Martha Wolfenstein und Max Horkheimer, 11.10.1937, 19.10.1937; 1 Brief von Clemy Wolff an Leo Löwenthal, 05.03.1941; 2 Briefe zwischen Ilse Wolff und Max Horkheimer, 29.08.1937, 03.09.1937; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Howard Woolston, 25.03.1941; 1 Einladung von der Women's Conference, 1935; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an die Women's Conference, 15.03.1935; 1 Brief von der World Foundation an Max Horkheimer, 26.11.1937; 2 Briefe vom World Jewish Congress an Max Horkheimer, 1942, 1945; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Francis Henry Russel, 28.09.1942; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Dr. Opie, 28.09.1942; 1 Brief der Württembergische Hypothekenbank an Max Horkheimer, 24.12.1930; 12 Briefe zwischen Rösle Wuestholz und Max Horkheimer, 1935-1937, 1939; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Frida Wunderlich, 22.11.1937; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an die Yale University Library, 22.12.1938; 2 Briefe zwischen Owen D. Young und Max Horkheimer, 22.04.1940, April 1940; 3 Briefe zwischen Hans Zeisel und Max Horkheimer, 21.07.1941, 1941, 1944; 2 Briefe zwischen der Zentrale Hilfsstelle für deutsche Flüchtlingskinder Prag und Max Horkheimer, 01.03.1938, 25.04.1938; 6 Briefe zwischen Gregory Zilboorg und Max Horkheimer, 1939; 16 Briefe und Beilage an Max Horkheimer und F. Pollock von Edgar Zilsel, 1939-1942; 1 Brief vom Social Science Research Counsil an Edgar Zilsel, 01.04.1940; 1 Brief von The Rockefeller Foundation an Edgar Zilsel, 20.06.1939; 9 Briefe und Beilage von Max Horkheimer und F. Pollock an Edgar Zilsel, 1939-1942 sowie Briefwechsel mit Betty Drury; 10 Briefe zwischen The Rockefeller Foundation und Max Horkheimer, 1939-1940; 1 Brief von Max Horkheimer an Edgar Zilsel, 20.06.1939; 12 Briefe zwischen Betty Drury und F. Pollock, 1939-1940; 7 Briefe zwischen Alexander Zinnemann und Max Horkheimer, 1936;

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 531 - Korrespondenzen u.a. mit Paul Honigsheim (p. VI 11, 1 - 286)

98 Briefe zwischen Paul Honigsheim und Max Horkheimer, 1934 - 1941; 1 Brief von Selfhelp of Emigres from Central Europe (New York) an Leo Löwenthal, 14.01.1941; 1 Brief von Hertha Kraus an Paul Honigsheim, 01.04.1935; 1 Brief an die Rockefeller Foundation (Paris) von Max Horkheimer, 22.02.1935; 3 Briefe zwischen Max Horkheimer und Anne Mendelsohn, 1934; 1 Brief an Paul Honigsheim von Hubert Abrahamsohn, 07.06.1934; 40 Briefe zwischen Marie (Mitzi) Jahoda und Max Horkheimer, 1935 - 1949;

Na 1 Nachlass Max Horkheimer, 699 - Cultural Aspects of National Socialism. A Research Project (p. IX 170.15-17a - IX 170.19)

Neumann, Franz: Memorandum über Gespräche mit Harold Lasswell. 30.03.1941, Typoskript mit handschriftlichen Korekturen, 4 Blatt; Neumann, Franz: Memorandum über Gespräche mit Goodvin Watson. 21.05.1941, Typoskript, 2 Blatt; [Anderson, Eugene N.:] "Professor Anderson's Notes and criticisms to the project of German society and culture". Typoskript, 7 Blatt; "Budget for the proposed Research Project of Cultural Aspects of National Socialism". Handschriftliche Notizen, 1 Blatt; Institut of Social Research: Brief an Rockefeller Foundation, New York, 24.06.1941 verschiedene Typoskripte, zum Teil mit handschriftlichen Korrekturen, circa 35 Blatt; ein Manuskript, 6 Blatt; ein Entwurf, Typoskript, 1 Blatt; Adorno, Theodor W.: 2 Briefe an I. Berlin, ohne Ort, 1940-1941; Empfehlungsschreiben zur Unterstützung des Projekts, von: Lutz, Ralph H.: 1 Brief (Abschrift) an Frederick Pollock, 11.07.1941; MacIver, Robert M.: 1 Brief (Abschrift): an New York Foundation, ohne Ort, 07.07.1941; Shotwell, James T.: 1 Brief (Abschrift) an Frederick Pollock, Woodstock, 08.07.1941; Radin, MAx: 1 Brief (Abschrift) an New York Foundation, [Los Angeles], 08.07-1941; 5 Blatt; Antwortbriefe an das Institut bzw. Max Horkheimer aufgrund der Zusendung des Umrisses des Forschungsprojektes, von: Lorwin, Lewis L.; Wooleton, H.; O'Quin, Patricia, Odum, Howard W.; Fay, Sidney B.; Merriam, Charles E.; Hoover, Calvin B.; Garrison, Lloyd K.; März bis Mai 1941, 8 Blatt;