Memory Cost Analysis for OpenFlow Multiple Table Lookup

Multiple Table Lookup architectures in Software Defined Networking (SDN) open the door for exciting new network applications. The development of the OpenFlow protocol supported the SDN paradigm. However, the first version of the OpenFlow protocol specified a single table lookup model with the associated constraints in flow entry numbers and search capabilities. With the introduction of multiple table lookup in OpenFlow v1.1, flexible and efficient search to support SDN application innovation became possible. However, implementation of multiple table lookup in hardware to meet high performance requirements is non-trivial. One possible approach involves the use of multi-dimensional lookup algorithms. A high lookup performance can be achieved by using embedded memory for flow entry storage. A detailed study of OpenFlow flow filters for multi-dimensional lookup is presented in this paper. Based on a proposed multiple table lookup architecture, the memory consumption and update performance using parallel single field searches are evaluated. The results demonstrate an efficient multi-table lookup implementation with minimum memory usage.

Evolving Future Internet clean-slate Entity Title Architecture with quality-oriented control-plane extensions

A Internet atual vem sofrendo vários problemas em termos de escalabilidade, desempenho, mobilidade, etc., devido ao vertiginoso incremento no número de usuários e o surgimento de novos serviços com novas demandas, propiciando assim o nascimento da Internet do Futuro. Novas propostas sobre redes orientadas a conteúdo, como a arquitetura Entidade Titulo (ETArch), proveem novos serviços para este tipo de cenários, implementados sobre o paradigma de redes definidas por software. Contudo, o modelo de transporte do ETArch é equivalente ao modelo best-effort da Internet atual, e vem limitando a confiabilidade das suas comunicações. Neste trabalho, ETArch é redesenhado seguindo o paradigma do sobreaprovisionamento de recursos para conseguir uma alocação de recursos avançada integrada com OpenFlow. Como resultado, o framework SMART (Suporte de Sessões Móveis com Alta Demanda de Recursos de Transporte), permite que a rede defina semanticamente os requisitos qualitativos das sessões para assim gerenciar o controle de Qualidade de Serviço visando manter a melhor Qualidade de Experiência possível. A avaliação do planos de dados e de controle teve lugar na plataforma de testes na ilha do projeto OFELIA, mostrando o suporte de aplicações móveis multimídia com alta demanda de recursos de transporte com QoS e QoE garantidos através de um esquema de sinalização restrito em comparação com o ETArch legado

SDN e sperimentazioni di VM migration

Le nuove teorie di rete come Software Defined Networking Network Function Virtualization, insieme alle teorie Cognitive/Autonomics consentono di abilitare scenari futuri “disruptive” di rete. Lo scopo di questa tesi è quello di esplorare questi scenari futuri e di capire il ruolo della migrazione di funzioni di rete, sotto forma di Virtual Machine. Si vuole affrontare la migrazione di Virtual Machine dal punto di vista delle performance, ma anche come strumento di gestione delle risorse in uno scenario di rete d'accesso autonomica.

SDN: il futuro della rete - stato dell'arte e casi reali

La tesi analizza un emergente paradigma di rete, Software Defined Network, evidenziandone i punti di forza e mettendone quindi in luce i conseguenti vantaggi, le potenzialità, le limitazioni, l’attuabilità e i benefici, nonché eventuali punti di debolezza.

A QoS Controller Framework Compliant with the ETSI Network Function Virtualization Specification

The 5th generation of mobile networking introduces the concept of “Network slicing”, the network will be “sliced” horizontally, each slice will be compliant with different requirements in terms of network parameters such as bandwidth, latency. This technology is built on logical instead of physical resources, relies on virtual network as main concept to retrieve a logical resource. The Network Function Virtualisation provides the concept of logical resources for a virtual network function, enabling the concept virtual network; it relies on the Software Defined Networking as main technology to realize the virtual network as resource, it also define the concept of virtual network infrastructure with all components needed to enable the network slicing requirements. SDN itself uses cloud computing technology to realize the virtual network infrastructure, NFV uses also the virtual computing resources to enable the deployment of virtual network function instead of having custom hardware and software for each network function. The key of network slicing is the differentiation of slice in terms of Quality of Services parameters, which relies on the possibility to enable QoS management in cloud computing environment. The QoS in cloud computing denotes level of performances, reliability and availability offered. QoS is fundamental for cloud users, who expect providers to deliver the advertised quality characteristics, and for cloud providers, who need to find the right tradeoff between QoS levels that has possible to offer and operational costs. While QoS properties has received constant attention before the advent of cloud computing, performance heterogeneity and resource isolation mechanisms of cloud platforms have significantly complicated QoS analysis and deploying, prediction, and assurance. This is prompting several researchers to investigate automated QoS management methods that can leverage the high programmability of hardware and software resources in the cloud.

Learning Software Engineering via Internet

In recent years, education authorities worldwide, including the German Federal Government, have invested heavily in the development of e-learning and multimedia materials for institutions of higher learning. While for some subject matters the benefits of e-learning seem obvious, there are subjects, often consisting of a number of tenuously connected topics or requiring a balance of learning and training, for which it is a valid question whether appropriate learning materials can be presented via the Internet. Software Engineering belongs to this second group, both for its broad collection of topics and, particularly, for the required emphasis on teamwork and communication training.

Service-centric Networking Extensions

This paper discusses several issues of Service-Centric Networking (SCN) as an extension of the Information-Centric Networking (ICN) paradigm. SCN allows extended caching, where not exactly the same content as requested can be read from caches, but similar content can be used to produce the content requested, e.g., by filtering or transcoding. We discuss the issue of naming and routing for general dynamic services for both tightly coupled and decoupled ICN approaches. Challenges and solutions for service management are identified, in particular for composed services, which allow distributed in-network processing of service requests. We introduce the term Software-Defined Service-Centric Networking as an extension of Software-Defined Networking. A prototype implementation for SCN proofs its validity and feasibility and underlines its potential benefits.

Content and Context Aware Strategies for QoS Support in VANETs

The increasing interest in autonomous coordinated driving and in proactive safety services, exploiting the wealth of sensing and computing resources which are gradually permeating the urban and vehicular environments, is making provisioning of high levels of QoS in vehicular networks an urgent issue. At the same time, the spreading model of a smart car, with a wealth of infotainment applications, calls for architectures for vehicular communications capable of supporting traffic with a diverse set of performance requirements. So far efforts focused on enabling a single specific QoS level. But the issues of how to support traffic with tight QoS requirements (no packet loss, and delays inferior to 1ms), and of designing a system capable at the same time of efficiently sustaining such traffic together with traffic from infotainment applications, are still open. In this paper we present the approach taken by the CONTACT project to tackle these issues. The goal of the project is to investigate how a VANET architecture, which integrates content-centric networking, software-defined networking, and context aware floating content schemes, can properly support the very diverse set of applications and services currently envisioned for the vehicular environment.

Interconexión de centros de datos mediante técnicas SDN

En este trabajo final de grado se ha contribuido a la interconexión de centros de datos distribuidos geográficamente, integrando para ello nuevas funcionalidades en la arquitectura Application-Based Network Operations (ABNO) y configurando los componentes software necesarios. ABNO engloba distintas tecnologías que recogen la información sobre los recursos disponibles en la red con el objetivo de proporcionar rutas específicas para el tráfico. La solución que se presenta en este trabajo se basa en las redes definidas por software (Software-Defined Networking, SDN), como solución innovadora para mejorar la gestión y el control de las infraestructuras que pertenecen a múltiples dominios administrativos, pero trabajan en colaboración en una federación común mejorando la calidad del servicio ofrecido. La conectividad entre los diferentes dominios es posible gracias a los Túneles GRE. Cada centro de datos supone un dominio administrativo diferenciado, disponiendo cada uno de ellos del software de gestión en la nube OpenStack para la creación de las máquinas virtuales (VM) que posteriormente serán interconectadas. Además, cada centro de datos también contará con el controlador Ryu SDN que se encargará del control de la conectividad, siendo también independiente para cada uno de estos dominios. Con el objetivo de mantener una visión integral de todos los recursos de la red disponibles, y de proporcionar una conectividad extremo a extremo (E2E) requerida por los centros de datos, la arquitectura ABNO ha tenido que ser modificada para soportar estas nuevas funcionalidades, así como validada en un escenario con infraestructuras multidominio.

Desarrollo de servicios de distribución de contenidos multimedia en redes corporativas con tecnología SDN

En la actualidad, es ampliamente conocido que uno de los principales desafíos que enfrentan las organizaciones es el crecimiento de Internet, tanto en número de clientes como en tráfico multimedia. Una red de entrega de contenidos (CDN, Content Delivery Network) es una opción para mejorar la experiencia de los usuarios finales, es decir, hacer más eficiente y fiable la distribución de contenidos. Sin embargo, con los nuevos requisitos de negocio y tecnologías, los operadores de CDN tienen que mejorar la arquitectura de la red. La Red definida por software (SDN, Software Defined Networking) es una nueva arquitectura de la red con un gran potencial, y el aspecto principal es la separación de los planos de datos y de control. El objetivo de este trabajo fin de grado es proporcionar una arquitectura basada en la tecnología SDN para poder sustituir la parte de la redirección DNS en una red CDN

The Future of the Next-Generation Internet and Possible Applications into Education and Culture Heritage

There are several initiatives such as: US Ignite, Software Defined Networking (SDN), OpenFlow, Global Environment for Network Innovation (GENI), WiMAX and Internet 2 dealing with the future of the internet. The goal of the paper is to understand the goals, intricacies, and nuances of some of these techniques and show some of the possibilities of next-generation high-speed networking and their applications into education and culture heritage.

Extensões na arquitetura SDN para o provisionamento de QoS através do monitoramento e uso de múltiplos caminhos

The substantial increase in the number of applications offered through the computer networks, as well as in the volume of traffic forwarded through the network, have hampered to assure adequate service level to users. The Quality of Service (QoS) offer, honoring specified parameters in Service Level Agreements (SLA), established between the service providers and their clients, composes a traditional and extensive computer networks’ research area. Several schemes proposals for the provision of QoS were presented in the last three decades, but the acting scope of these proposals is always limited due to some factors, including the limited development of the network hardware and software, generally belonging to a single manufacturer. The advent of Software Defined Networking (SDN), along with the maturation of its main materialization, the OpenFlow protocol, allowed the decoupling between network hardware and software, through an architecture which provides a control plane and a data plane. This eases the computer networks scenario, allowing that new abstractions are applied in the hardware composing the data plane, through the development of new software pieces which are executed in the control plane. This dissertation investigates the QoS offer through the use and extension of the SDN architecture. Based on the proposal of two new modules, one to perform the data plane monitoring, SDNMon, and the second, MP-ROUTING, developed to determine the use of multiple paths in the forwarding of data referring to a flow, we demonstrated in this work that some QoS metrics specified in the SLAs, such as bandwidth, can be honored. Both modules were implemented and evaluated through a prototype. The evaluation results referring to several aspects of both proposed modules are presented in this dissertation, showing the obtained accuracy of the monitoring module SDNMon and the QoS gains due to the utilization of multiple paths defined by the MP-Routing, when forwarding data flow through the SDN.

Greenow: um algoritmo de roteamento orientado a workspace para uma arquitetura de Internet do futuro

Current and future applications pose new requirements that Internet architecture is not able to satisfy, like Mobility, Multicast, Multihoming, Bandwidth Guarantee and so on. The Internet architecture has some limitations which do not allow all future requirements to be covered. New architectures were proposed considering these requirements when a communication is established. ETArch (Entity Title Architecture) is a new Internet architecture, clean slate, able to use application’s requirements on each communication, and flexible to work with several layers. The Routing has an important role on Internet, because it decides the best way to forward primitives through the network. In Future Internet, all requirements depend on the routing. Routing is responsible for deciding the best path and, in the future, a better route can consider Mobility aspects or Energy Consumption, for instance. In the dawn of ETArch, the Routing has not been defined. This work provides intra and inter-domain routing algorithms to be used in the ETArch. It is considered that the route should be defined completely before the data start to traffic, to ensure that the requirements are met. In the Internet, the Routing has two distinct functions: (i) run specific algorithms to define the best route; and (ii) to forward data primitives to the correct link. In traditional Internet architecture, the two Routing functions are performed in all routers everytime that a packet arrives. This work allows that the complete route is defined before the communication starts, like in the telecommunication systems. This work determined the Routing for ETArch and experiments were performed to demonstrate the control plane routing viability. The initial setup before a communication takes longer, then only forwarding of primitives is performed, saving processing time.

Diseño e implementación de una herramienta de visualización para análisis en tiempo real de redes SDN/OpenFlow

Las Redes Definidas por Software (Software Defined Networking) permiten la monitorización y el control centralizado de la red, de forma que los administradores pueden tener una visión real y completa de la misma. El análisis y visualización de los diferentes parámetros obtenidos representan la forma más viable y práctica de programar la red en función de las necesidades del usuario. Por este motivo, en este proyecto se desarrolla una arquitectura modular cuyo objetivo es presentar en tiempo real la información que se monitoriza en una red SDN. En primera instancia, las diferentes métricas monitorizadas (error, retardo y tasa de datos) son almacenadas en una base de datos, para que en una etapa posterior se realice el análisis de dichas métricas. Finalmente, los resultados obtenidos, tanto de métricas en tiempo real como de los datos estadísticos, son presentados en una aplicación web. La información es obtenida a través de la interfaz REST que expone el controlador Floodlight y para el análisis de la información se plantea una comparación entre los valores medios y máximos del conjunto de datos. Los resultados obtenidos muestran gráficamente de forma clara y precisa las diferentes métricas de monitorización. Además, debido al carácter modular de la arquitectura, se ofrece un valor añadido a los sistemas actuales de monitorización SDN.

Using Machine Learning to Enhance Software Tools for Internet Information Management

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