A interdisciplinaridade no ensino da matemática pela perspectiva da pedagogia histórico-crítica: superando a pedagogia de projetos

Pós-graduação em Docência para a Educação Básica - FC

インド 現地資料の収集

アジア経済研究所（アジ研）は，開発途上国・地域の政治，経済，社会に関する社会科学分野の基礎的総合的研究を行う研究機関である。研究活動の現地主義に対応し，アジ研図書館でも現地刊行の現地語の資料を重視し，現地に根ざした資料収集を行っている。特に，現地書店との直接取引による購入，現地研究機関や大学，政府機関等との資料交換，直接現地を訪問しての資料収集活動が特徴的である。本稿では，インドの現地資料収集について，アジ研図書館のこの特徴ある資料収集活動を基にご紹介してみたい。また，後半では2007 年にデリーを訪問して資料事情に関する現地調査を行った際の体験についても触れる。

PALANQUE DE PAPEL: O DISCURSO POLÍTICO DOS JORNAIS EVANGÉLICOS BRASILEIROS NO PERÍODO DA REPÚBLICA VELHA

O protestantismo brasileiro, desde as suas origens na segunda metade do século XIX, é identificado pela leitura e pela palavra. Esta pesquisa ocupa-se desse universo, especificamente da palavra impressa, tal como se encontra nos jornais das diversas denominações protestantes. Os jornais denominacionais são um meio de comunicação importante tanto como suporte de ideologias como também para sua derrubada. Dessa forma, este trabalho toma como objeto de estudo o discurso sobre temas políticos e sociais presentes nos editoriais e textos impressos nas páginas de jornais evangélicos brasileiros com relação aos acontecimentos que marcaram a passagem do sistema monárquico ao sistema republicano de governo no Brasil. Assim, as fontes primárias utilizadas são os jornais protestantes do final do século XIX e início do XX, a saber: Imprensa Evangélica, O Estandarte, O Jornal Batista e o Expositor Cristão, respectivamente: presbiteriano, batista e metodista. A questão formulada se expressa nos seguintes termos: Em que medida os evangélicos, por meio do discurso impresso em seus jornais, expressaram a sua posição política? A fundamentação teórica utilizada vale-se do conceito de atos retóricos, formulado por de Tereza Halliday, aplicando-o na compreensão do discurso dos missionários, dos pastores e das igrejas. Segundo essa teoria, a palavra ou o discurso são sempre utilizados para acusar ou defender, criticar ou enaltecer, explicar, propor ou justificar realidades conhecidas, isto porque somos seres retóricos, usamos a linguagem como instrumento de mudança ou reforço de percepções, sentimentos, valores, posicionamentos e ações. Entendendo que a transição da Monarquia para a República no Brasil gerou conflitos, a pesquisa vai procurar, por meio do instrumental da análise de discurso, perceber em que medida a imprensa protestante retratou aqueles acontecimentos. Para tanto, tomando-se as fontes primárias, realizou-se leitura e seleção de textos de acordo com a pertinência ao objetivo proposto. Este material foi organizado e submetido à análise de discurso a partir de categorias a priori. Analisado como fenômeno relativo ao campo das Ciências Sociais, observarmos o discurso impresso dos protestantes, suas ideologias de sustentação, seu imaginário e suas representações da sociedade brasileira e evangélica.(AU)

PALANQUE DE PAPEL: O DISCURSO POLÍTICO DOS JORNAIS EVANGÉLICOS BRASILEIROS NO PERÍODO DA REPÚBLICA VELHA

O protestantismo brasileiro, desde as suas origens na segunda metade do século XIX, é identificado pela leitura e pela palavra. Esta pesquisa ocupa-se desse universo, especificamente da palavra impressa, tal como se encontra nos jornais das diversas denominações protestantes. Os jornais denominacionais são um meio de comunicação importante tanto como suporte de ideologias como também para sua derrubada. Dessa forma, este trabalho toma como objeto de estudo o discurso sobre temas políticos e sociais presentes nos editoriais e textos impressos nas páginas de jornais evangélicos brasileiros com relação aos acontecimentos que marcaram a passagem do sistema monárquico ao sistema republicano de governo no Brasil. Assim, as fontes primárias utilizadas são os jornais protestantes do final do século XIX e início do XX, a saber: Imprensa Evangélica, O Estandarte, O Jornal Batista e o Expositor Cristão, respectivamente: presbiteriano, batista e metodista. A questão formulada se expressa nos seguintes termos: Em que medida os evangélicos, por meio do discurso impresso em seus jornais, expressaram a sua posição política? A fundamentação teórica utilizada vale-se do conceito de atos retóricos, formulado por de Tereza Halliday, aplicando-o na compreensão do discurso dos missionários, dos pastores e das igrejas. Segundo essa teoria, a palavra ou o discurso são sempre utilizados para acusar ou defender, criticar ou enaltecer, explicar, propor ou justificar realidades conhecidas, isto porque somos seres retóricos, usamos a linguagem como instrumento de mudança ou reforço de percepções, sentimentos, valores, posicionamentos e ações. Entendendo que a transição da Monarquia para a República no Brasil gerou conflitos, a pesquisa vai procurar, por meio do instrumental da análise de discurso, perceber em que medida a imprensa protestante retratou aqueles acontecimentos. Para tanto, tomando-se as fontes primárias, realizou-se leitura e seleção de textos de acordo com a pertinência ao objetivo proposto. Este material foi organizado e submetido à análise de discurso a partir de categorias a priori. Analisado como fenômeno relativo ao campo das Ciências Sociais, observarmos o discurso impresso dos protestantes, suas ideologias de sustentação, seu imaginário e suas representações da sociedade brasileira e evangélica.(AU)

PALANQUE DE PAPEL: O DISCURSO POLÍTICO DOS JORNAIS EVANGÉLICOS BRASILEIROS NO PERÍODO DA REPÚBLICA VELHA

O protestantismo brasileiro, desde as suas origens na segunda metade do século XIX, é identificado pela leitura e pela palavra. Esta pesquisa ocupa-se desse universo, especificamente da palavra impressa, tal como se encontra nos jornais das diversas denominações protestantes. Os jornais denominacionais são um meio de comunicação importante tanto como suporte de ideologias como também para sua derrubada. Dessa forma, este trabalho toma como objeto de estudo o discurso sobre temas políticos e sociais presentes nos editoriais e textos impressos nas páginas de jornais evangélicos brasileiros com relação aos acontecimentos que marcaram a passagem do sistema monárquico ao sistema republicano de governo no Brasil. Assim, as fontes primárias utilizadas são os jornais protestantes do final do século XIX e início do XX, a saber: Imprensa Evangélica, O Estandarte, O Jornal Batista e o Expositor Cristão, respectivamente: presbiteriano, batista e metodista. A questão formulada se expressa nos seguintes termos: Em que medida os evangélicos, por meio do discurso impresso em seus jornais, expressaram a sua posição política? A fundamentação teórica utilizada vale-se do conceito de atos retóricos, formulado por de Tereza Halliday, aplicando-o na compreensão do discurso dos missionários, dos pastores e das igrejas. Segundo essa teoria, a palavra ou o discurso são sempre utilizados para acusar ou defender, criticar ou enaltecer, explicar, propor ou justificar realidades conhecidas, isto porque somos seres retóricos, usamos a linguagem como instrumento de mudança ou reforço de percepções, sentimentos, valores, posicionamentos e ações. Entendendo que a transição da Monarquia para a República no Brasil gerou conflitos, a pesquisa vai procurar, por meio do instrumental da análise de discurso, perceber em que medida a imprensa protestante retratou aqueles acontecimentos. Para tanto, tomando-se as fontes primárias, realizou-se leitura e seleção de textos de acordo com a pertinência ao objetivo proposto. Este material foi organizado e submetido à análise de discurso a partir de categorias a priori. Analisado como fenômeno relativo ao campo das Ciências Sociais, observarmos o discurso impresso dos protestantes, suas ideologias de sustentação, seu imaginário e suas representações da sociedade brasileira e evangélica.(AU)

Analysis of the Ethical, Social and Legal Issues Related to the Delivery of the Prenatal Genetic Testing in Argentina

L'introduction de nouvelles biotechnologies dans tout système de soins de santé est un processus complexe qui est étroitement lié aux facteurs économiques, politiques et culturels, et, par conséquent, demande de remettre en cause plusieurs questions sociales et éthiques. Dans la situation particulière de l’Argentine - c’est-à-dire: de grandes inégalités sociales entre les citoyens, la rareté des ressources sanitaires, l’accès limité aux services de base, l’absence de politiques spécifiques - l'introduction de technologies génétiques pose de sérieux défis qui doivent impérativement être abordés par les décideurs politiques. Ce projet examine le cas des tests génétiques prénataux dans le contexte du système de santé argentin pour illustrer comment leur introduction peut être complexe dans une nation où l’accès égale aux services de santé doit encore être amélioré. Il faut également examiner les restrictions légales et les préceptes religieux qui influencent l'utilisation des technologies génétiques, ce qui souligne la nécessite de développer un cadre de référence intégral pour le processus d'évaluation des technologies afin d’appuyer l’élaboration de recommandations pour des politiques cohérentes et novatrices applicables au contexte particulier de l’Argentine.

Social Work, Political Violence and Historical Change:

In this paper the author outlines the background to the history of the conflict in Northern Ireland which led to the current ‘Troubles’. In this discussion a range of key ideas are highlighted, including the nature of sectarianism and patterns of violence which have profoundly affected the society. The second part of the paper reviews a number of issues which face social workers when they try to deal with the effects of such violence as well as highlighting new challenges which have emerged as the society moves towards the resolution of conflict. It concludes with the argument that, wherever there is such conflict in the world, social workers need critically to understand the way in which political and social structures impinge upon their everyday practice.

Tutorial on Computing: Technological Advances, Social Implications, Ethical and Legal Issues

Computing and information technology have made significant advances. The use of computing and technology is a major aspect of our lives, and this use will only continue to increase in our lifetime. Electronic digital computers and high performance communication networks are central to contemporary information technology. The computing applications in a wide range of areas including business, communications, medical research, transportation, entertainments, and education are transforming local and global societies around the globe. The rapid changes in the fields of computing and information technology also make the study of ethics exciting and challenging, as nearly every day, the media report on a new invention, controversy, or court ruling. This tutorial will explore a broad overview on the scientific foundations, technological advances, social implications, and ethical and legal issues related to computing. It will provide the milestones in computing and in networking, social context of computing, professional and ethical responsibilities, philosophical frameworks, and social, ethical, historical, and political implications of computer and information technology. It will outline the impact of the tremendous growth of computer and information technology on people, ethics and law. Political and legal implications will become clear when we analyze how technology has outpaced the legal and political arenas.

Students' understandings of religious identities and relations: issues of social cohesion and citizenship

The focus in this article is on issues of social cohesion and citizenship as they relate to students' understandings of religion and religious identity. The article draws on data gathered from a study conducted at a highly diverse English comprehensive school and is set amid broader anxieties about religion, community disharmony and national identity in the United Kingdom. The high levels of religious diversity at the school were seen as supporting social cohesion - enabled in this context through students' understandings of religion and religious identities as socially contingent and supportive of a sense of agency. These understandings are aligned with a sophisticated and inclusive citizenship - one that is productive of democratic alliances and political agency and necessary in disrupting the narrow and problematic understandings of religion that can lead to social disharmony and conflict.

Global civil society and adult education for social change : a postcolonial perspective

Adult education plays an important role in global economic development and features prominently in debates about changing requirements of post-industrial knowledge societies. This dominant technical-instrumental understanding of adult education in public discourse masks the transformative function of certain types of adult education - that is, the possibilities of adult education to improve social justice issues such as workers’ rights, human rights, civic participation in governance and socially just development. Given the increasing social stratification between and within the North and South in the global era, the potential of adult education to effect social change has been rediscovered by organisations within global civil society, namely international non-governmental organisations (INGOs). The broad objective of this research was to carry out an in-depth qualitative case study of a human rights advocacy program provided by a Northern INGO predominantly operating within the global South. The study analyses how participants see this program in terms of its potential to contribute to progressive social change in their home communities across the Asia-Pacific region. The following questions guided the study: 1. To what extent does this adult education program challenge existing systems of domination and marginalisation? 2. How did completion of the program affect participants’ views of their abilities to facilitate social action within their communities? Data sources for this research were interviews with 19 participants and staff and questionnaires from 28 participants of the program from a variety of countries in the Asia-pacific region. The gap in the literature that this study addressed is that existing empirical research sidelines the analysis of the globalisation, adult education, and social change nexus from a perspective that takes the marginalised other seriously, tending instead to mirror the material subjugation of the South in discursive practices. Social change is highly context-specific and strategies to advance it depend on the way in which people understand their reality and are affected by adverse social conditions. The present study employed a postcolonial framework that provided a holistic approach to analysing adult education for social change inclusive of material, political, and social conditions and the interplay between these from the local to the global level. The program convincingly exemplified an example of adult education for counter-hegemonic resistance against the dominant neoliberal discourse. It achieved this by enabling participants, based on Freirian pedagogical principles, to locate the problem of social change and frame their strategies to address it within mutually constitutive local and global developments and the discourses that describe them. It provided the underpinning knowledge and skills for effective advocacy and created opportunities to build networks between various stakeholders. At minimum, most advocates accord their participation in the program a supporting role in enhancing their ability to examine causes for social injustices and ways to address these. Some advocates even regarded their program participation as fundamental in understanding these issues. Almost all participants reported an increased skill-set that enabled them to become more effective advocates.

Constructing the shitting citizen : the promise of scatological art as environmental and social activism

Art activism uses visual and performance art to promote social and environmental agendas. In this paper, I explore attempts to raise awareness of sanitation issues at the global, local and personal level using scatological art. I focus on the successes of the open-air public art exhibition set up in the Brisbane (Queensland, Australia) central business district to celebrate World Toilet Day in 2008. The art in this exhibition featured included one hundred toilets decorated to raise awareness of global sanitation issues and the distribution of promotional materials featuring scatological images including postcards and stickers. Given the subject matter and intent, the toilet art and promotional materials presented at the One Hundred Toilet exhibition can be seen as an example of scatological art employed for the purposes of social and environmental activism. Through the One Hundred Toilet exhibition, I consider the political aims and activist potential of using scatological art to progress social and environmental agendas and consider how this kind of ‘shit on show’ approach can contribute to the construction of the shitting citizen; one who is simultaneously responsible for and responsive to managing the waste that they produce and recognising and responding to broader sanitation issues.

Putting people in planning: participatory democracy, community building and social inclusion

Like other Western nations, since the nineteenth century Australia has been a representative democracy, in which citizens elect parliamentary representatives to make decisions and develop policies on their behalf (see chapter 5). These representatives are supported in their decision making by an ‘arm’s-length’, ‘techno-bureaucratic administration’, which includes experts such as environmental planners (Fung and Wright 2003, p. 3). However, as the issues for decision-making become increasingly complex, and societies increasingly diverse, the idea of citizen participation in decision-making is ever more accepted. There is now a significant body of political theory arguing for a more participatory model of democracy (participatory democracy), a model that strives to create opportunities for all members of a society to contribute meaningfully to decisions about the matters affecting their lives.

The Global Financial Crisis : Neo-Liberalism, Social Democracy, and Criminology

This chapter begins with a discussion of the economic, political, and social context of the recent global financial crisis, which casts into relief current boundaries of criminology, permeated and made fluid in criminology's recent cultural turn. This cultural turn has reinvigorated criminology, providing new objects of analysis and rich and thick descriptions of the relationship between criminal justice and the conditions of life in ‘late modernity’. Yet in comparison with certain older traditions that sought to articulate criminal justice issues with a wider politics of contestation around political economies and social welfare policies of different polities, many of the current leading culturalist accounts tend in their globalized convergences to produce a strangely decontextualized picture in which we are all subject to the zeitgeist of a unitary ‘late modernity’ which does not differ between, for example, social democratic and neo-liberal polities, let alone allow for the widespread persistence of the pre-modern. It is argued that that contrary to this globalizing trend there are signs within criminology that life is being breathed back into social democratic and penal welfare concerns, habitus, and practices. The chapter discusses three of these signs: the emergence of neo-liberalism as a subject of criminology; a developing comparative penology which recognizes differences in the political economies of capitalist states and evinces a renewed interest in inequality; and a nascent revolt against the ‘generative grammar’, ‘pathological disciplinarities’, and ‘imaginary penalities’ of neoliberal managerialism.