The aid of machine learning to overcome the classification of real health discharge reports written in Spanish

Hospitals attached to the Spanish Ministry of Health are currently using the International Classification of Diseases 9 Clinical Modification (ICD9-CM) to classify health discharge records. Nowadays, this work is manually done by experts. This paper tackles the automatic classification of real Discharge Records in Spanish following the ICD9-CM standard. The challenge is that the Discharge Records are written in spontaneous language. We explore several machine learning techniques to deal with the classification problem. Random Forest resulted in the most competitive one, achieving an F-measure of 0.876.

Quelles solidarités pour surmonter la crise de la zone Euro? = What solidarity to overcome the crisis in the Euro zone? Egmont European Affairs Paper, April 2013

None.

Timidity, how to overcome it, by Yoritomo-Tashi,

1. A mistaken virtue -- 2. How to prevent the growth of timidity -- 3. Timidity and exaggerated self-confidence -- 4. Timidity the enemy of health -- 5. Timidity and family life -- 6. Timidity the parent of envy -- 7. Estheticism and timidity -- 8. Timidity and business -- 9. In praise of audacity -- 10. The acquisition of poise -- 11. The recognition of one's worth -- 12. The right attitude.

Designing channel incentives to overcome reseller rejection

As more and more products are distributed through independent channel resellers, suppliers find it increasingly difficult to craft highly motivational incentive packages. Instead, many suppliers' product lines are neglected by resellers in deference to more compatible incentive offers. This paper studies the many aspects of incentive rejection and incentive compatibility and prescribes a four-step, theory-based process to help suppliers craft attractive incentive programs. The process involves identifying resellers' performance needs, recognizing how each need suggests a different basis for incentive rejection, and designing an incentive package such that the incentives support specific reseller needs. Also, unique channel conditions are considered.

Do many hands make light work? How to overcome social loafing and gain motivation in work teams

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to challenge the assumption that process losses of individuals working in teams are unavoidable. The paper aims to challenge this assumption on the basis of social identity theory and recent research. Design/methodology/approach – The approach adopted in this paper is to review the mainstream literature providing strong evidence for motivation problems of individuals working in groups. Based on more recent literature, innovative ways to overcome these problems are discussed. Findings – A social identity-based analysis and recent findings summarized in this paper show that social loafing can be overcome and that even motivation gains in group work can be expected when groups are important for the individual group members' self-concepts. Practical implications – The paper provides human resource professionals and front-line managers with suggestions as to how individual motivation and performance might be increased when working in teams. Originality/value – The paper contributes to the literature by challenging the existing approach to reducing social loafing, i.e. individualizing workers as much as possible, and proposes a team-based approach instead to overcome motivation problems.

New strategy to overcome the intrinsic difficulty of phospholipids solubilisation and delivery to the eye

Purpose: Lipids play a vital role at interfaces such as the tear film in the protection of the anterior eye. Their role is to act as lubricants and reduce surface and interfacial tension. Although there is a lack of appropriate methods to solubilize and dilute phospholipids to the tear film. Here, we report that styrene-maleic acid copolymers (PSMA), can form polymer–lipid complexes in the form of monodisperse nanometric particles, which can easily solubilise these phospholipid molecules by avoiding for example, the use of any kind of surfactant. Method: The interactions of PSMA with phospholipids have been studied by its adsorption from aqueous solutions into monolayers of dimyristoyl-phosphorylcholine (DMPC). The Langmuir trough (LT) technique is used to study this pH-dependant complex formation. The formed nanoparticles have been also analysed by 31P NMR, particle size distribution by light scattering (DLS) and morphology by electron microscopy (SEM). Results: The LT has been found to be a useful technique for in vitro simulation of in vivo lipid layer behaviour: The limiting surface pressure of unstable tear films ranges between 20 and 30 mN/m. More stable tear films show an increase in surface pressure, within the range of 35–45 mN/m. The DMPC monolayers have a limiting surface pressure of 38 mN/m (water), and 45 mN/m (pH 4 buffer), and the PSMA-DMPC complexes formed at pH 4 have a value of 42 mN/m, which resembles that of the stable tear film. The average particle size distribution is 53 ± 10 nm with a low polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.24 ± 0.03. Conclusions: New biocompatible and cheap lipid solubilising agents such as PSMA can be used for the study of the tear film composition and properties. These polymer–lipid complexes in the form of nanoparticles can be used to solubilise and release in a controlled way other hydrophobic molecules such as some drugs or proteins.

Current capacity limits and activities within the EU project MODE-GAP to overcome them

In this presentation we will discuss the implications of the so called Nonlinear Shannon Limit. We will compare technologies including new fibres for long haul transmission and techniques to expand the capacity of existing standard single mode fibres.

Development of a digital tool to overcome the challenges of rural food SMEs

It has been recognised that throughout the UK, rural economies have a significant potential for growth but despite the potential for growth, many rural businesses face barriers that prohibit their expansion. In this study, we focus on one particular group of rural small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): food and drink producers. Through user engagement activities, we identify the issues and needs associated with distributing products to the market, in order to understand the main issues which prevent rural food and drink SMEs from expansion, and to establish the requirements for a digital solution to this challenge.

Toward an understanding of how individuals overcome challenges to development: A phenomenological study of an inner -city student's attitude toward academic orientation and life

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to gain an understanding of the phenomenon of academic orientation by seeking the insights into an inner-city Haitian-American middle school student's attitudes and world view toward education and life. A phenomenological approach was used in order to explore the way in which Cindy, a minority student, gives meaning to her lived-experiences in terms of her desire to meet academic expectations and her ability to overcome social adversity and/or other risk factors.^ The study attempted to answer the following two research questions: (1) What provides the focus for Cindy's (the subject's) approach to her school work and/or life? (2) What are the processes that give meaning and direction to academic orientation and life for Cindy? In-depth interviewing was the primary method of data collection. In addition, journal and sketchbook entries and school district records were used and classroom observations made.^ The nature of the study to understand lived-experience facilitated the use of the case study method and a phenomenological method of description. Data analysis was conducted by means of an adapted form of the constant comparative approach. Patterns in the data which emerged were coded and categorized according to underlying generative themes. Phenomenological reflection and analysis were used to grasp the experiential structures of Cindy's experience. The following textural themes were identified and confirmed to be essential themes to Cindy's experience: personal challenge to do her best, personal challenge to want to learn, having a sense of determination, being able to think for self, having a disposition to like self, achieving self-respect through performance, seeing a need to help others, being intrinsically motivated, being an independent learner, attending more to academic pressure and less to peer pressure, having motivational catalysts in her life, learning and support opportunities, and having a self-culture. Using Mahrer's humanistic theory of experiencing, Cindy's development was interpreted in terms of her progression through a sequence of developmental plateaus: externalized self, internalized self, and integrating and actualizing self.^ The findings of this study were that Cindy's desire to meet academic expectations is guided by a meaning construction internal frame of reference. High expectations of self in conjunction with other protective factors found in Cindy's home and school environments were also found to be linked to her educational resilience and success. Cindy's lived-experiences were also found to be related to Mahrer's theory of human development. In addition, it was concluded that "minority" students do not all fit into social categories and labels. ^

Targeting androgen receptor activation function-1 with EPI to overcome resistance mechanisms in castration-resistant prostate cancer

Financial support: This research was supported by grants to MDS from the NCI (2R01CA105304), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP79308) and the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command Prostate Cancer Research Program (E81XWH-11-1-0551). Research by IJM’s group was supported by the Chief Scientist’s Office of the Scottish Government (ETM-258 and -382). We are grateful to Country Meadows Senior Men’s Golf Charity Classic for financial support of this research.

Using technology to overcome the tyranny of space: information provision and wayfinding.

Urban wayfinding technology offers many possibilities by which older people and mobility-impaired users can overcome the barriers encountered on every-day journeys in the built environment. Previous work has highlighted the extent to which personal mobility and independence are significant determinants of the quality of life amongst both elderly and visually impaired groups. The paper outlines the development of the auditory location finder (ALF), which is a beacon-based local information system designed to enhance the wayfinding activities of these, and potentially other, user-groups in the community. The proposed system provides the user with an audio message, which is obtained on request via a small portable hand unit. The messages inform the user of their whereabouts and give information about the area that they are currently in. The development of the device involves issues such as message content and structure, route choice, orientation, landmarks, clues and the extent of user reliance on technology. Preliminary trials have been carried out in a UK city and have obtained initial user feedback to help underpin the technological development of the device and its potential application. The paper concludes by outlining the importance of new urban technology and the way in which such local information systems can potentially contribute to overcoming particular patterns of exclusion experienced by mobility-impaired groups, such as the visually impaired

Toward an effective strategy in glioblastoma treatment. Part I: resistance mechanisms and strategies to overcome resistance of glioblastoma to temozolomide.

International audience

Refined composite multiscale permutation entropy to overcome multiscale permutation entropy length dependence

International audience