A autoridade acima de tudo !: o pensamento geográfico de Jackson de Figueiredo

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Ciência, técnica e periodismo no Rio de Janeiro (1808-1852)

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Imprensa e política: os usos simbólicos da Conjuração Mineira em São João del - Rei e Ouro Preto (1877 – 1889)

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sexual function after suburethral sling removal for dyspareunia

INTRODUCTION: Impact on sexual function has received little attention in the medical literature for a long time. Because of the site of insertion of permanent tension free vaginal tape (TVT) the G spot might be affected or the tape might interfere with arousal and sensory stimulation. Recent studies have reported varying degrees of sexual impairment after TVT insertion ranging from 0% to 15% including dyspareunia. AIM: The aim of this study was to evaluate sexual function before and after suburethral sling removal due to postoperative female de novo dyspareunia. As a secondary outcome, general patients' satisfaction with their overall continence situation was assessed. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between December 2005 and December 2007, we included 18 female patients who complained of de novo dyspareunia after suburethral sling insertion for urinary stress incontinence. All patients filled in an FSFI questionnaire prior to sling removal and at 3 months postoperatively. Additionally, all women were asked to estimate their general satisfaction regarding their continence situation using a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) from 0 to 10, with 0 being the least satisfying situation and 10 being the most satisfying situation. All patients underwent gynaecological examination including ICS-pelvic organ prolapse staging (ICS-POP score). RESULTS: Of the 18 slings, ten were transobturator tapes (6 x TVT-O, 2 x Monarch, 2 x unknown) and eight were retropubic tapes (7 x TVT, 1 x SPARC). Desire, arousal, lubrication, satisfaction, and pain improved statistically significant. Orgasm scores were low with median scoring of 1.5 scores before and 1.0 scores after sling removal, and they did not change significantly after sling removal. The satisfaction rate deteriorated from a median of 7 (95% confidence interval [CI] 6.3-7.7) to a median of 4 (95% CI 3.7-5.1; p=0.99) but not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Sexual function in patients with de novo dyspareunia is likely to improve after sling removal but not in all domains. Bladder function may deteriorate.

Falkland Island English

This chapter examines some of the grammatical variability and non-standardness found in the English of the Falkland Islands. The Falklands are an archipelago of over 700 islands located in the western South Atlantic Ocean, 480km off the east coast of Argentina. Although the population is small – around 3000 - the islands cover an area of over 12000km2 – slightly larger than Jamaica and half the size of Wales, making them, after Greenland, the most sparsely populated political entity in the world. In political terms, the Falklands are an Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom. In contrast to the rural isolated image that the Falklands perhaps conjure up, the community is, in demographic terms, an urban and diverse one. Over 85% of the population living in the capital Stanley. The 2006 census (Government of the Falkland Islands 2007: 6) shows that 55% of the population were not born on the Islands, with the largest migrant groups coming from the UK, St Helena (another British Overseas Territory, located in the eastern South Atlantic), Chile and Australia. It also highlighted the fact that people born in 62 different countries were resident on the islands at the time (Pascoe and Pepper 2008: 38). By way of a comparison, only Monaco and Andorra, in Europe, have a higher proportion of their populations made up of migrants. In addition to the local Falkland population, there is a large military presence on the islands at the Royal Airforce Base at Mount Pleasant, 50km south-west of Stanley. The Head of State is the monarch of the UK, who is represented on the islands by a governor. The democratically elected 11-member Legislative Assembly is responsible for day-to-day government of the islands. The Falklands are perhaps most famous because of their 74 day occupation by Argentina in 1982. It is not appropriate here to go into detail about the dispute between the UK and Argentina about the sovereignty of the Islands. What is undisputed is that there has been a continuous Anglophone speech community on the islands since the early 1830s, making it one of the most recently developed ‘Inner Circle’ (Kachru 1985) Englishes in the world. This chapter examines the grammatical characteristics of Falkland Island English, drawn from a transcribed corpus of over 500,000 words of informal conversational speech, collected by Andrea Sudbury both in Stanley and in ‘Camp’ (the local name for the rest of the islands) (see Sudbury 2000, 2001 for more details about the methods used in the survey).

Deutschland eine repräsentative Demokratie, eine constitutionelle Monarchie oder ein blos vollendeter, die Volksrechte und Freiheiten garantirender Bundesstaat? : Ein Versuch zum Verständniß und zur Lösung der schwierigen Frage ; hauptsächlich mittelst Aufklärung über das wahre Verhältniß zwischen Staat und Regierung, Staatsgewalt und Regierungs-Gewalt

Boberach: Überlegungen über verschiedene Staatsformen führen zum Schluß, daß Deutschland ein Bundesstaat aus konstitutionellen Einzelstaaten sein soll, in dem die Regierungsgewalt zwischen Österreich, Preußen und Bayern alle zwei Jahre alternieren könnte. Ein Senat aus Regierungsvertretern der Länder und eine Volkskammer aus direkten Wahlen sollen die Legislative bilden. Die deutschen Gebiete Österreichs könnten eine Sekundogenitur werden. - Wentzke: Theoretische Erörterungen. Das Proletariat ist nur durch Auswanderung zu befriedigen. In Deutschland bis jetzt drei Parteien: 1. für repräsentative Demokratie; 2. für konstitutionelle Monarchie; 3. für einen vollendeten Bundesstaat aus konstitutionellen Staaten. Gegen 1., weil hier die ganze Staatsgewalt in den Händen der gewählten, dem Volke fernstehenden Aristokratie liegt. Gegen 2., weil man nicht die volle Konsequenz ziehen und die Einzelstaaten nicht zu lediglich bürgerlichen Gesellschaften machen will. Außerdem ist der an die Spitze zu stellende Monarch auf friedlichem Wege gar nicht zu haben; gegen die theoretische Verfassungsmacherei. Der mächtigste Herrscher allein wäre der gegebene Mann; wir aber besitzen zwei solche Fürstenhäuser, und weder Österreich noch Preußen kann Deutschland entbehren. Daher nur möglich 3.; auch der alte Bund besaß schon Verpflichtungen, die hinüber führten vom Staatenbund zum zusammengesetzten Staat, zum Reich. Im neuen Bundesstaat bleibt Deutsch-Österreich beim Reiche, ev.[tl.] errichtet der Kaiser von Österreich hier eine Sekundogenitur. Stimmberechtigung der Einzelstaaten nach ihrer Seelenzahl. Staatsgewalt des Bundesstaats ausgeübt 1. im Senat, aus Vertretern der Landesregierung, halb so stark wie 2. die Volkskammer, aus direkten Wahlen. Übereinstimmung beider Kammern schafft Gesetzeskraft. Bundesgericht: aus 100 von der Volkskammer vorgeschlagenen Juristen wählt der Senat 50 Mitglieder. Regierungsgewalt von Östereich, Preußen, Baiern alle zwei Jahre wechselnd ausgeübt: Heerwesen und Auswärtiges, Garantie der Einzelverfassungen, Regelung der Auswanderung

The Demand for Power Diffusion: A Case Study of the 2005 Constitutional Referendum Voting in Kenya

Recent studies on the history of economic development demonstrate that concentration of power on a monarch or a ruling coalition impedes economic growth and that institutional changes that diffuse power, though beneficial to the society in general, are opposed by some social groups. In November 2005, Kenyans rejected a proposed constitution primarily because it did not reduce the powers of the executive to any significant degree. Using data of voting patterns in the constitutional referendum and following the rational choice framework, I estimate a model of the demand for power diffusion and demonstrate that groups voting decisions depend on expected gains and likelihood of monopolizing power. The results also reveal the importance of ethnic divisions in hindering the power diffusion process, and therefore the study establishes a channel through which ethnic fragmentation impacts on economic development.

Tutaque sit inter inprobos innocentia : aspectos teóricos e práticos sobre os limítes da autoridade régia no reino hispano-visigodo de Toledo segundo as fontes júridicas e conciliares do reinado de Chintila (636-640).

Las construcciones teóricas elaboradas a lo largo de la Antigüedad Tardía buscaban, en su gran mayoría, poner en destaque la autoridad y el poder que deberían ser ejercidos por el rey en el espacio geográfico de su reino. Además de la evidente herencia del pensamiento político clásico romano, que ya apuntaba la supremacía teórica del magistrado o del princeps respecto al cuerpo social y político, el modelo cristiano del princeps christianus sacratissimus, que se construye a partir del siglo IV, ofrecía la perspectiva de que el gobernante debería imponer las leyes para hacer valer la justicia a los inocentes. Tales ideas se mantuvieron en el reino hispanovisigodo de Toledo y para tanto tenemos indicios en las fuentes isidorianas, conciliares y leges antiquas. Sin embargo, la antitesis entre teoría y el ejercicio práctico del poder se presenta muy claramente en las disputas nobiliarias afectando directamente el poder del rey y todas sus atribuciones. Es el caso del reinado de Chintila (636-640), en el cuál la ley tenía como principal objetivo la protección de los grupos de apoyo político del monarca.

Los intérpretes en la corte de Al-Ḥakam II de Córdoba

Este artículo ofrece un análisis de datos históricos sobre los intérpretes de embajadas en la corte del califa de Córdoba Al-Ḥakam II (961-976). El objetivo principal es caracterizar, en la medida de lo posible, las funciones de los intérpretes en esa época. Entre los temas tratados en este estudio se destacan la relación entre los intérpretes y el monarca, las lenguas traducidas en una sociedad plurilingüe y diglósica, las modalidades de interpretación utilizadas, el perfil de los intérpretes –no solo como mediadores orales sino también como traductores de documentos oficiales–, y, por fin, su procedencia social y cultural, lo que nos daría una idea de su competencia traductora.

The European Resonance of Napoleon’s Defeat in Spain

The military event that sealed the defeat of Napoleon in Spain was the Battle of Vitoria on 21st June 1813, which saw the allied British, Spanish and Portuguese troops led by Wellington gain victory over Joseph Bonaparte's forces. It was the last great battle of what is known in Spain as the Guerra de la Independencia, in the United Kingdom as the Peninsular War and in France as the Guerre d'Espagne. While a sliver of Spanish territory remained under French control and the war itself went on for a few more months, it was the Battle of Vitoria that marked the end of Napoleon's rule on the Iberian Peninsula, as symbolised by the departure from Spain of Joseph Bonaparte, the monarch who had been imposed five years earlier to remove the Bourbons from the Spanish throne.

Discreta regente, la austriaca o Doña Virtudes. Las imágenes de María Cristina de Habsburgo

Más allá del mito de la discreta regente de España, María Cristina de Habsburgo ofrece una imagen poliédrica que puede contribuir a calibrar la importancia política, cultural y social de la representación simbólica de la corona. Las imágenes —oficial, de la oposición y populares— de María Cristina son analizadas desde diversas perspectivas: la consolidación de una monarquía en crisis tras el fallecimiento de Alfonso XII pocos años después de la República, la creación de una identidad nacional todavía no afirmada y la conformación de los estereotipos de género en torno al discurso de la separación de esferas. Imágenes que daban respuestas muchas veces divergentes a las circunstancias que distinguían a Maria Cristina de otros monarcas: era regente y no reina por derecho propio, era extranjera pero ocupaba el trono español y era mujer pero desempeñaba la más alta magistratura del país.

O tríptico da paixão de Cristo do Palácio Nacional da Ajuda: história, estudo material, iconografia e filiação estílistica

O objeto de estudo desta dissertação é um pequeno tríptico do Palácio Nacional da Ajuda, provavelmente dos finais do séc. XV, sobre o qual existe pouca informação. A obra pertence ao acervo de pintura antiga deste palácio/museu (inv. 3540) e encontra-se exposta no “Atelier de Pintura de D. Luís”. Trata-se de uma pintura sobre tábua de carvalho, em mau estado de conservação, representando cinco episódios relativos à Paixão de Cristo: a Flagelação, a Coroação de Espinhos, o Caminho do Calvário e duas cenas relativas à Ressurreição. Apresenta uma iconografia singular, mas as suas características gerais indicam tratar-se de uma pintura tardo-gótica do Norte da Europa, nomeadamente da Alemanha. O objetivo desta tese de mestrado em História da Arte, Património e Teoria do Restauro, consiste na investigação histórica e material desta obra, sobre a qual existe pouca informação. Por ser desconhecida a sua cronologia, autoria e local de produção, além de não haver qualquer documentação ou bibliografia sobre a mesma, iremos estudar esta obra a partir da sua materialidade, iconografia e estilo, na medida em que a obra é um “documento vivo”. Tendo sido agora encontrada a única e a mais antiga referência documental relativa a esta obra, nos arrolamentos de 1913 do palácio (Inventário Judicial), este tríptico consta na "Galeria de Quadros”, indicando ter pertencido à coleção de pintura de D. Luís I. Interessa, então, focar a política de aquisições de pintura antiga nórdica desenvolvida pelo monarca, tentando perceber porque é que o tríptico não consta nos catálogos das exposições (duas edições dos catálogos, 1869 e 1872) da “Galeria de Pintura no Real Paço da Ajuda”, aberta ao público em1869. Porque a interdisciplinaridade entre arte e ciência é fundamental para um conhecimento mais profundo da História da Arte, esta obra foi objeto de um estudo material que consistiu no levantamento in situ da pintura (exames de área e de ponto), na análise laboratorial (estratigrafia, pigmentos e aglutinantes) e na integração dos resultados, para compreender a técnica pictórica, que se articula com a análise iconográfica e de filiação estilística, contribuindo para a integração da obra no seu contexto histórico-cultural de origem, como pintura devocional germânica.

Master! problem solving in chemistry,

Mode of access: Internet.

The writings of Thomas Wentworth Higginson.

At head of title: Large-paper edition.

Alas, aguijones y cosas zanquilargas : insectos de Illinois

Introduces Illinois insects including the house fly, mosquito, grasshopper, dragonfly, praying mantis, monarch butterfly, firefly, honey bee, water strider, and ladybug.