L'educaci?? vocal en la formaci?? inicial dels docents a l'Estat espanyol : descripci?? de la situaci?? i propostes de canvi

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Preparem per a l'ara i per al dem?? : una reflexi?? sobre els coneixements i usos ling????stics en la formaci?? inicial dels nostres docents

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Formaci?? i desenvolupament professional del formador de formadors : un professional que lidera i forma docents en processos d???innovaci?? educativa

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

La cohesi?? d???equips docents, un cam?? per aprendre

Resumen basado en el de la publicaci??n

Mecanismes d'interacció entre alumnes i docents. Un exemple d'autogestió i autoregulació de l'aprenentatge

L'EEES situa en el centre del procés d'ensenyament-aprenentatge l'estudiant actiu i autònom i destaca el paper fonamental del professor com a guia. Per aquest motiu és fonamental tenir informació sobre què saben i com aprenen els alumnes, la qual cosa obre suggeridors interrogants: Com reflexionen els alumnes sobre el seu aprenentatge? Què porta a un alumne a implicar-se en l'aprenentatge de forma autònoma? Quines eines ajuden a desenvolupar un pensament propi? En aquesta experiència es plantegen algunes respostes a les preguntes anteriors, a partir de les activitats reflexives que planteja el professorat i que serveixen per incentivar la interacció constant entre estudiants i docents, interacció que suposa un motor decisiu per a l'autonomia d'aprenentatge de l'estudiant

Awarding damages or demanding performance? a performance-oriented approach for international investment law

This paper examines two different approaches to judicial protection of entitlements in international economic law. One of them, ‘performance-oriented’, is applied by WTO adjudicators. Performance-oriented remedies focus on inducing wrongdoers to resume compliance with the underlying substantive rules. The other, ‘reparation-oriented’, is applied overwhelmingly in international investment law. Reparation-oriented remedies aim at offsetting the injury caused to private parties by the wrongful conduct. This paper discusses the utility of performance-oriented remedies within WTO law, and assesses the possibilities for otherwise reparation-oriented investment tribunals to have recourse to these remedies. It examines a number of decisions that, it is argued, favor performance over pecuniary compensation. From the viewpoint of the state found in breach, compensation then appears as a threatened sanction for non-compliance with the performance obligations determined.

Materials docents de Fonaments d'Informàtica en Enginyeria de l'Edificació

Materials docents de Fonaments d'Informàtica en Enginyeria de l'Edificació

Catalogue des ouvrages, articles et mémoires, publiés par les professeurs et privat-docents de l'Université de Genève ainsi que des travaux de laboratoire et des thèses présentées aux diverses facultés ...

1873-1895 by Charles Soret, is a rev. and enl. ed. of. the list comp. by Eugène Ritter; issued in 1883 as no. 3 of the series.

Materials docents de l'assignatura Disseny de Bases de Dades, curs 2013-2014

Materials de teoria i pràctiques de l'assignatura Disseny de Bases de Dades per al curs 2013-2014 (materials en valencià).

Co-constructed interaction in a paired speaking test : the rater's perspective

The definition and operationalisation of interactional competence in speaking tests that entail co-construction of discourse is an area of language testing requiring further research. This article explores the reactions of four trained raters to paired candidates who oriented to asymmetric patterns of interaction in a discussion task. Through an analysis of candidate discourse combined with rater notes, stimulated verbal recalls, rater discussions and scores awarded for interactional effectiveness, the article examines the extent to which raters compensate or penalise candidates for their role in co-constructing asymmetric interactional patterns. The article argues that key features of the interaction are perceived by the raters as mutual achievements, and it further suggests that the awarding of shared scores for interactional competence is one way of acknowledging the inherently co-constructed nature of interaction in a paired speaking test.

Recommending best answer in a collaborative question answering system

The World Wide Web has become a medium for people to share information. People use Web-based collaborative tools such as question answering (QA) portals, blogs/forums, email and instant messaging to acquire information and to form online-based communities. In an online QA portal, a user asks a question and other users can provide answers based on their knowledge, with the question usually being answered by many users. It can become overwhelming and/or time/resource consuming for a user to read all of the answers provided for a given question. Thus, there exists a need for a mechanism to rank the provided answers so users can focus on only reading good quality answers. The majority of online QA systems use user feedback to rank users’ answers and the user who asked the question can decide on the best answer. Other users who didn’t participate in answering the question can also vote to determine the best answer. However, ranking the best answer via this collaborative method is time consuming and requires an ongoing continuous involvement of users to provide the needed feedback. The objective of this research is to discover a way to recommend the best answer as part of a ranked list of answers for a posted question automatically, without the need for user feedback. The proposed approach combines both a non-content-based reputation method and a content-based method to solve the problem of recommending the best answer to the user who posted the question. The non-content method assigns a score to each user which reflects the users’ reputation level in using the QA portal system. Each user is assigned two types of non-content-based reputations cores: a local reputation score and a global reputation score. The local reputation score plays an important role in deciding the reputation level of a user for the category in which the question is asked. The global reputation score indicates the prestige of a user across all of the categories in the QA system. Due to the possibility of user cheating, such as awarding the best answer to a friend regardless of the answer quality, a content-based method for determining the quality of a given answer is proposed, alongside the non-content-based reputation method. Answers for a question from different users are compared with an ideal (or expert) answer using traditional Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing techniques. Each answer provided for a question is assigned a content score according to how well it matched the ideal answer. To evaluate the performance of the proposed methods, each recommended best answer is compared with the best answer determined by one of the most popular link analysis methods, Hyperlink-Induced Topic Search (HITS). The proposed methods are able to yield high accuracy, as shown by correlation scores: Kendall correlation and Spearman correlation. The reputation method outperforms the HITS method in terms of recommending the best answer. The inclusion of the reputation score with the content score improves the overall performance, which is measured through the use of Top-n match scores.

The importance of project governance framework in project procurement planning

Project Procurement is a ‘great’ environment for ethical issues with its low-price state of mind and competition. It has many opportunities that could contribute to illegal activities or unethical behavior especially in the construction industry. In 2006 alone, 17.3% of 417 Malaysian government contract projects were considered sick due to the poor performance by the contractors. Therefore it is important to govern the project procurement, especially the plan procurement stage to ensure the accountability and transparency of the decision made in awarding the right contract to the best contractor. This is where project governance framework (PGF) is really needed in project procurement planning. Project governance is a subset of corporate governance focusing on the areas of corporate governance related to project activities, including: portfolio direction, project sponsorship, project and program management and efficiency and disclosure and reporting. This paper highlights the importance of implementing project governance framework (PGF) to ensure that the decision makers are answerable and accountable to the stakeholders, and the decision making is transparent to avoid any ethical issues arises. A comprehensive preliminary literature is carried out to discover the importance of executing PGF in project procurement in Malaysian public sector. By understanding the important of PGF, it is hoped that this will bring a signal to other developing countries to implement the similar method in ensuring the transparency of the decision making in project procurement planning in their countries.