Da colônia ao shopping: um estudo da evolução tipológica da arquitetura hospitalar em Natal

A conceptual discussion on architectural type and its role in theory and practice supports the construction of an analytical tool used for recognizing the typological evolution of hospital architecture in Western societies. The same tool is applied to analyze the typological evolution of hospital architecture in Natal, Brazil, through a sample of eighteen hospitals built in the city since the beginnings of 20th century. The conclusion is that typological evolution in Natal is almost the same as occidental one, except for a few singularities that can be explained by local social and economic development

Trajetória de profissionais da saúde de um hospital colônia para hanseníase

Leprosy as a public health problem , there is still quite some time , even with treatment for decades . Your health-disease process is marked by a historical backdrop of stigma , prejudice, social exclusion and authoritarian decisionducts , in order to extinguish the disease milieu under the regime of compulsory confinement of the patient. In this perspective , the Brazilian public health twentieth century adopted policies of compulsory isolation , which meant that those who receive a diagnosis of leprosy were isolated from society and their families in hospitals colonies . Objective is, to the study, rescue the trajectory of health professionals in the Colony Hospital St. Francis of Assisi , in Natal / RN ; Identify the policy was perceived as compulsory institutionalization imposed for leprosy patients by health professionals ; describe the behaviors Professional Hospital adopted in Cologne ; Retrieve information about the existence and functioning of the Hospital and Create a documentary of historical fragments of leprosy from the point of view of professionals from a former colony. Exploratory - descriptive method with a qualitative approach , using the methodological framework thematic oral history was used . Obtained approval by the IRB of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, under Protocol No 461 403 and CAAE 19476913.9.0000.5537 . Be interviewed during the period of November and December 2013 , five health professionals who worked in the hospital colony , using audio recorder and images to capture and record the statements. The interviews were transcribed , textualized, transcriadas and sent to reviewers to step conference of the reports. Subsequently , analysis of the stories was made from the proposed content analysis of Bardin . The results and discussion are presented in the form of article: Opinion of nursing professionals who worked in a hospital for leprosy colony , which aimed to : identify the opinion of nurses who worked in hospital colony on the lives of patients . In this article, three main themes were highlighted and discussed from the reports of colaboradoes : I - The socialization process of internal II - 16 Prejudice , stigma and discrimination III - Social exclusion versus inclusion . We conclude that , in the context of the colony hospital, the performance of health professionals contributed significantly to that stigma , prejudice and social exclusion would be minimized and that the experience of asylum seekers in the colony were not seen more traumatic

Aplicação do algoritmo de otimização por colônia de formigas sobre o problema do passeio do robô seletivo

This work seeks to propose and evaluate a change to the Ant Colony Optimization based on the results of experiments performed on the problem of Selective Ride Robot (PRS, a new problem, also proposed in this paper. Four metaheuristics are implemented, GRASP, VNS and two versions of Ant Colony Optimization, and their results are analyzed by running the algorithms over 32 instances created during this work. The metaheuristics also have their results compared to an exact approach. The results show that the algorithm implemented using the GRASP metaheuristic show good results. The version of the multicolony ant colony algorithm, proposed and evaluated in this work, shows the best results

Uma colônia de formigas para o caminho mais curto multiobjetivo

Multi-objective combinatorial optimization problems have peculiar characteristics that require optimization methods to adapt for this context. Since many of these problems are NP-Hard, the use of metaheuristics has grown over the last years. Particularly, many different approaches using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) have been proposed. In this work, an ACO is proposed for the Multi-objective Shortest Path Problem, and is compared to two other optimizers found in the literature. A set of 18 instances from two distinct types of graphs are used, as well as a specific multiobjective performance assessment methodology. Initial experiments showed that the proposed algorithm is able to generate better approximation sets than the other optimizers for all instances. In the second part of this work, an experimental analysis is conducted, using several different multiobjective ACO proposals recently published and the same instances used in the first part. Results show each type of instance benefits a particular type of instance benefits a particular algorithmic approach. A new metaphor for the development of multiobjective ACOs is, then, proposed. Usually, ants share the same characteristics and only few works address multi-species approaches. This works proposes an approach where multi-species ants compete for food resources. Each specie has its own search strategy and different species do not access pheromone information of each other. As in nature, the successful ant populations are allowed to grow, whereas unsuccessful ones shrink. The approach introduced here shows to be able to inherit the behavior of strategies that are successful for different types of problems. Results of computational experiments are reported and show that the proposed approach is able to produce significantly better approximation sets than other methods

Influência do sexo de indivíduos da mesma colônia no controle químico das populações do morcego hematófago Desmodus rotundus (Phyllostomidae) no estado de São Paulo

Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram estudar a fidelidade ao abrigo diurno por indivíduos de ambos os sexos da espécie Desmodus rotundus e verificar a eficácia da ação da pasta vampiricida 2% na redução do tamanho de suas colônias no estado de São Paulo, por meio de estudo experimental de campo. Durante os anos de 1999 e 2000, 626 morcegos distribuídos em 12 abrigos foram capturados com redes-de-espera (armadas durante a noite) e marcados. em seguida, 10% da população previamente estimada recebeu a pasta vampiricida. No Experimento I foram tratados apenas machos, no Experimento II apenas fêmeas e no Experimento III, 5% dos machos e 5% das fêmeas foram tratados. Após 5 e 10 dias, foram feitas contagens dos morcegos que sobreviveram e morreram. As fêmeas mostraram-se mais fiéis aos abrigos (p<0,01) e melhores disseminadoras de pasta vampiricida (p<0,01).

População e território de forrageamento de uma colônia de Heterotermes tenuis (Hagen) (Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae)

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Climatologia de frentes frias no litoral de Santa Catarina

Uma climatologia de frentes frias é estabelecida para o litoral do Estado de Santa Catarina, com base nos dados de reanálises do NCEP-NCAR, do período de 10 anos, de 1990 a 1999. As passagens de frentes frias foram objetivamente identificadas levando em conta o giro do vento para direção sul, persistência do vento de sul por pelo menos um dia, e uma queda de temperatura do ar simultânea ao giro do vento ou até dois dias depois. Os resultados mostram que, na média, de 3 a 4 frentes frias atingem a costa de Santa Catarina, mensalmente, com um intervalo de 8 dias. As análises da composição de dados, usando como referência os dias de passagens de frentes frias em Santa Catarina, mostram claramente um padrão climatológico de evolução com frente fria movendo-se tipicamente de sudoeste para nordeste. em termos das médias sazonais, durante o inverno, um dia antes da passagem em Santa Catarina (dia -1), a frente fria é observada no Rio Grande do Sul, e depois de passar por Santa Catarina (dia 0), continua avançando para latitudes mais baixas, alcançando o litoral do Rio de Janeiro um dia depois (dia +1), até atingir posteriormente latitude de aproximadamente 20ºS (dia +2), já em fase de dissipação. No terceiro dia após a passagem por Santa Catarina, ela não é mais identificada. Padrão climatológico de evolução semelhante é observado no verão, embora nessa época as frentes frias tenham menor intensidade e dissipação ligeiramente mais rápida.

Uso do estimulante de colônia de granulócitos nas neutropenias em cães e gatos

As neutropenias persistentes podem ser decorrentes de alterações na granulopoiese, causadas por efeitos supressivos ou tóxicos à medula óssea, predispõem o paciente a infecções comprometendo sua sobrevida. As neutropenias intensas decorrentes de toxicidade por quimioterápicos podem requerer a suspensão temporária ou permanente do medicamento, podendo gerar resistência das células neoplásicas ao tratamento. O uso de fatores de crescimento hematopoiético recombinantes em animais tem aumentado muito nos últimos anos, devido a sua crescente disponibilidade na medicina humana. O fator estimulante de colônia para granulócitos recombinante humano (rhG-CSF) age aumentando o número de neutrófilos circulantes e possui grande potencial para amenizar ou reverter quadros de neutropenia associada a condições de mielotoxicidade e mielosupressão em cães e gatos.