980 resultados para B-17


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Todos los art??culos de la revista aparecen resumidos en castellano en las p??ginas finales de la publicaci??n

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El resumen aparece publicado con el artículo

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El resumen es copia de la introducción a la traducción castellana del artículo, publicada en las páginas finales de la revista

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Artículo publicado en el n. 2609 del 'Boletín ICE Económico. Información Comercial Española' del Ministerio de Economía y Hacienda, en marzo de 1999. El resumen es copia de la traducción al castellano del artículo, publicada en las páginas finales de la revista

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Se analiza el impacto social y económico que va a suponer la puesta en circulación del euro y, por tanto cómo se verá afectado el mercado de trabajo.

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Todos los artículos de la revista aparecen resumidos en castellano en las páginas finales de la publicación

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Incluye resumen en inglés y castellano. Fecha tomada del código del documento

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El objetivo fundamental es comprobar si el aprendizaje cooperativo mejora las actitudes de los niños no discapacitados hacia sus compañeros integrados en las aulas.. La constituyen niños de un colegio público de EGB de edades comprendidas entre los 9 y 10 años. Hay 4 grupos: de cuarto A, 18 alumnos; de quinto B, 20; de cuarto B, 17 y de quinto A, 23. En el primer grupo hay 2 niños integrados, ambos con retraso madurativo acentuado. En el segundo grupo hay un niño paralítico cerebral con déficit intelectual asociado considerable. En cada uno de los dos últimos grupos hay 2 niños con retraso madurativo importante.. Se parte de un marco teórico en el que se tratan como conceptos clave: la integración escolar, las actitudes y el aprendizaje cooperativo. Se insiste más en este último por ser fundamental en el estudio. Seguidamente se plantea el problema: ¿el aprendizaje cooperativo mejorará las actitudes de los niños de cuarto y quinto de EGB hacia sus compañeros discapacitados?.. El procedimiento que se aplica se divide en 3 fases: 1. se pasan pruebas a los 4 grupos; 2. en dos de los grupos se lleva a cabo la experiencia del aprendizaje cooperativo; 3. se administran de nuevo las pruebas a todos los grupos. Se utilizan una escala de actitudes hacia personas con discapacidad (APD) y un test sociométrico basado en un criterio afectivo.. En la escala de actitudes se elige para analizar los datos un diseño factorial jerárquico o anidado con control estadístico a través del SPSS. Con respecto al test sociométrico se construyen sociomatrices con las que se calcula la significación estadística de los valores. Por último se hace un análisis individual de los alumnos de integración.. Respecto a los resultados obtenidos en la aplicación de la escala de actitud no puede concluirse que la experiencia de aprendizaje cooperativo haya sido eficaz. En cuanto al análisis referido al test sociométrico, sí se han encontrado cambios en los grupos experimentales en las relaciones sociales, aumentando el grado de aceptabilidad hacia los niños de integración por parte de sus compañeros.. Se estima que en un clima cooperativo, las probabilidades de una integración real de los disminuidos son muy altas. Para que el aprendizaje cooperativo sea realmente efectivo lo ideal sería que los profesores se interesaran por los métodos de esta forma de aprendizaje y que comenzaran a introducirlo en sus clases diarias..

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The X-ray crystal structure of the 1:2 condensate (1) of hydrazine hydrate and 4-methyl-imidazole-5-carboxaldehyde has been determined. The molecule is centrosymmetric crystallising in the space group Fddd with cell dimensions: a = 10.557(14), b = 17.062(22), c = 24.759(27) angstrom. Fourier map shows that the NH hydrogen atom of each imidazole moiety has equal possibility of occupying any of its two ring N atoms. This poses the possibility of finding three tautomers in 1 in the solid state. Consideration of the H-bonding pattern observed in 1 and related B3LYP/6-311+G(2d, p) calculations show that only two tautomers are present in the solid state. The situation is compared with that in the structure of 4(5)-nitro-5(4)-methoxy-imidazole reported previously by Kubicki.

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Reactions of the 1: 2 condensate (L) of benzil dihydrazone and 2-acetylpyridine with Hg(ClO4)(2) center dot xH(2)O and HgI2 yield yellow [HgL2](ClO4)(2) (1) and HgLI2 (2), respectively. Homoleptic 1 is a 8-coordinate double helical complex with a Hg(II)N-8 core crystallising in the space group Pbca with cell dimensions: a = 16.2250(3), b = 20.9563(7), c = 31.9886(11) angstrom. Complex 2 is a 4-coordinate single helical complex having a Hg(II)N2I2 core crystallising in the space group P2(1)/n with cell dimensions a = 9.8011(3), b = 17.6736(6), c = 16.7123(6) angstrom and b = 95.760(3). In complex 1, the N-donor ligand L uses all of its binding sites to act as tetradentate. On the other hand, it acts as a bidentate N-donor ligand in 2 giving rise to a dangling part. From variable temperature H-1 NMR studies both the complexes are found to be stereochemically non-rigid in solution. In the case of 2, the solution process involves wrapping up of the dangling part of L around the metal. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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A new occurrence of rankamaite is here described at the Urubu pegmatite, Itinga municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The mineral forms cream-white botryoidal aggregates of acicular to fibrous crystals, intimately associated with simpsonite, thoreaulite, cassiterite, quartz, elbaite, albite, and muscovite. The average of six chemical analyses obtained by electron microprobe is (range in parentheses, wt%): Na(2)O 2.08 (1.95-2.13), K(2)O 2.61 (2.52-2.74), Al(2)O(3) 1.96 (1.89-2.00), Fe(2)O(3) 0.01 (0.00-0.03), TiO(2) 0.02 (0.00-0.06), Ta(2)O(5) 81.04 (79.12-85.18), Nb(2)O(5) 9.49 (8.58-9.86), total 97.21 (95.95-101.50). The chemical formula derived from this analysis is (Na(1.55)K(1.28))(Sigma 2.83)(Ta(8.45)Nb(1.64)Al(0.89)Fe(0.01)(3+)Ti(0.01))(Sigma 11.00)[O(25.02)(OH)(5.98)](Sigma 31.00). Rankamaite is an orthorhombic ""tungsten bronze"" (OTB), crystallizing in the space group Cmmm. Its unit-cell parameters refined from X-ray diffraction powder data are: a = 17.224(3), b = 17.687(3), c = 3.9361(7) angstrom, V = 1199.1(3) angstrom(3), Z = 2. Rietveld refinement of the powder data was undertaken using the structure of LaTa(5)O(14) as a starting model for the rankamaite structure. The structural formula obtained with the Rietveld analyses is: (Na(2.21)K(1.26))Sigma(3.37)(Ta(9.12)NB(1.30) Al(0.59))(Sigma 11.00)[O(26.29)(OH)(4.71)](Sigma 31.00). The tantalum atoms are coordinated by six and seven oxygen atoms in the form of distorted TaO(6) octahedra and TaO(2) pentagonal bipyramids, respectively. Every pentagonal bipyramid shares edges with four octahedra, thus forming Ta(5)O(14) units. The potassium atom is in an 11-fold coordination, whereas one sodium atom is in a 10-fold and the other is in a 12-fold coordination. Raman and infrared spectroscopy were used to investigate the room-temperature spectra of rankamaite.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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The sensitized photolysis of [Ru(NH3)(6)](2+) by the organic dye rhodamine B and biacetyl was studied under conditions in which only the sensitizer absorbs. The reaction products resulting from ammonia aquation and Ru(II) to Ru(III) oxidation are the same for direct and sensitized photolysis. The energy transfer rate constant, calculated from the fluorescence quenching of rhodamine B, is similar to that estimated from the limiting quantum yield of the photosensitized photoaquation of the complex. Both reactions originate from a common reactive low-lying ligand-field (LF) state, which is also responsible for the direct photolysis reactions. This state, which leads directly to photoaquation, seems to have a certain charge transfer to solvent (CTTS) character, which is responsible for the photo-oxidation products. Sensitization is effective with rhodamine B (17 450 cm(-1)) and biacetyl (19 000 cm(-1)), whereas no reaction is observed with neutral red (16 900 cm(-1)). These results show that the excited state responsible for the photochemical reactions lies in the energy range between 16 900 cm(-1) and 17 700 cm(-1) and possesses spin-orbit character.

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The composition of the essential oil from leaves of Cryptocarya mandioccana has been determined by chromatographic fractionation and GC-FID, GC-MS and C-13 NMR analyses, yielding the identification of 64 compounds with predominance of isomeric sesquiterpenes with molecular weights of 204. The main components of the oil obtained by hydrodistillation were beta-caryophyllene, spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide, delta-cadinene, germacrene D, benzaldehyde and bicyclogermacrene. However, the oil obtained by steam distillation contained higher levels of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, with predominance of P-caryophyllene (C), germacrene D (G) and bicyclogermacrene (B), and was considered to be more representative of the composition of the oil in its natural state. The intraspecific chemical variability of the essential oil obtained by steam distillation was evaluated within populations of trees growing at three separate locations in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Three distinct chemical groups could be characterised due to differences in the relative percentages of the three main sesquiterpenes from essential oil: CGB [relative contents of C (14-34%), G (5-28%), B (8-15%)], BCG [B (17-34%), C (9-24%), G (12-25%)] and GCB [G (22-42%), C (4-17%), B (7-15%)]. Individuals from groups CGB and BCG were found to be more frequent at south locations while group GCB is predominant in north location. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.