250 resultados para Asaf ud Daula
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Transforming growth factor-beta s (TGF-beta 5) are multifunctional polypeptides, known to influence proliferation and differentiation of many cell types. TGF-beta 5 cDNA was cloned from Xenopus laevis and this isoform is unique to the amphibians. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of the TGF-beta 5 genomic clones to determine the structure of TGF-beta 5 gene. The gene consists of seven exons and all intron-exon boundaries follow the GT-AG consensus. The organization of TGF-beta 5 gene was identical to that of the mammalian TGF-beta isoforms, with the exception of position of the first splice junction. We determined the size of TGF-beta 5 gene to be approximately 20 kb.
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Objective: Human papillomavirus oncoproteins E6 and E7 down modulate Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 expression in infected keratinocytes. We explored the status of expression and function of TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 in primary human Langerhans cells (LCs) isolated from cervical tumors. Methodology: Single-cell suspensions were made from fresh tissues of squamous cell carcinoma (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage IB2); myeloid dendritic cells were purified using CD1c magnetic activated cell separation kits. Langerhans cells were further flow sorted into CD1a(+)CD207(+) cells. Acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1-derived LCs (moLCs) formed the controls. mRNA from flow-sorted LCs was reverse transcribed to cDNA and TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 amplified. Monocyte-derived Langerhans cells and cervical tumor LCs were stimulated with TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 ligands. Culture supernatants were assayed for interleukin (IL) 1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, interferon (IFN) alpha, interferon gamma, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha by Luminex multiplex bead array. Human papillomavirus was genotyped. Results: We have for the first time demonstrated that the acute monocytic leukemia cell line THP-1 can be differentiated into LCs in vitro. Although these moLCs. expressed all the 3 TLRs, tumor LCs expressed TLR7 and TLR8, but uniformly lacked TLR9. Also, moLCs secreted IL-6, IL-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha to TLR8 ligand and interferon alpha in response to TLR9 ligand; in contrast, tumor LCs did not express any cytokine to any of the 3 TLR ligands. Human papillomavirus type 16 was one of the common human papillomavirus types in all cases. Conclusions: Cervical tumor LCs lacked TLR9 expression and were functionally anergic to all the 3: TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 ligands, which may play a crucial role in immune tolerance. The exact location of block(s) in TLR7 and TLR8 signaling needs to be investigated, which would have important immunotherapeutic implications.
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In this paper, we consider signal detection in nt × nr underdetermined MIMO (UD-MIMO) systems, where i) nt >; nr with a overload factor α = nt over nr >; 1, ii) nt symbols are transmitted per channel use through spatial multiplexing, and iii) nt, nr are large (in the range of tens). A low-complexity detection algorithm based on reactive tabu search is considered. A variable threshold based stopping criterion is proposed which offers near-optimal performance in large UD-MIMO systems at low complexities. A lower bound on the maximum likelihood (ML) bit error performance of large UD-MIMO systems is also obtained for comparison. The proposed algorithm is shown to achieve BER performance close to the ML lower bound within 0.6 dB at an uncoded BER of 10-2 in 16 × 8 V-BLAST UD-MIMO system with 4-QAM (32 bps/Hz). Similar near-ML performance results are shown for 32 × 16, 32 × 24 V-BLAST UD-MIMO with 4-QAM/16-QAM as well. A performance and complexity comparison between the proposed algorithm and the λ-generalized sphere decoder (λ-GSD) algorithm for UD-MIMO shows that the proposed algorithm achieves almost the same performance of λ-GSD but at a significantly lesser complexity.
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Unmanned vehicle path following by pursuing a virtual target moving along the path is considered. Limitations for pure pursuit guidance are analyzed while following the virtual target on curved paths. Trajectory shaping guidance is proposed as an alternate guidance scheme for a general curvature path. It is proven that under certain tenable assumptions trajectory shaping guidance yields an identical path as that of the virtual target. By linear analysis it is shown that the convergence to the path for trajectory shaping guidance is twice as fast as pure pursuit. Simulations highlight significant improvement in position errors by using trajectory shaping guidance. Comparative simulation studies comply with analytic findings and present better performance as compared with pure pursuit and a nonlinear guidance methodology from the literature. Experimental validation supports the analytic and simulations studies as the guidance laws are implemented on a radio-controlled car in a laboratory environment.
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Damage mechanisms in unidirectional (UD) and bi-directional (BD) woven carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates subjected to four point flexure, both in static and fatigue loadings, were studied. The damage progression in composites was monitored by observing the slopes of the load vs. deflection data that represent the stiffness of the given specimen geometry over a number of cycles. It was observed that the unidirectional composites exhibit gradual loss in stiffness whereas the bidirectional woven composites show a relatively quicker loss during stage II of fatigue damage progression. Both, the static and the fatigue failures in unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites originates due to generation of cracks on compression face while in bidirectional woven composites the damage ensues from both the compression and the tensile faces. These observations are supported by a detailed fractographic analysis.
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Fiber-reinforced plastics (FRPs) are typically difficult to machine due to their highly heterogeneous and anisotropic nature and the presence of two phases (fiber and matrix) with vastly different strengths and stiffnesses. Typical machining damage mechanisms in FRPs include series of brittle fractures (especially for thermosets) due to shearing and cracking of matrix material, fiber pull-outs, burring, fuzzing, fiber-matrix debonding, etc. With the aim of understanding the influence of the pronounced heterogeneity and anisotropy observed in FRPs, ``Idealized'' Carbon FRP (I-CFRP) plates were prepared using epoxy resin with embedded equispaced tows of carbon fibers. Orthogonal cutting of these I-CFRPs was carried out, and the chip formation characteristics, cutting force signals and strain distributions obtained during machining were analyzed using the Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique. In addition, the same procedure was repeated on Uni-Directional CFRPs (UD-CFRPs). Chip formation mechanisms in FRPs were found to depend on the depth of cut and fiber orientation with pure epoxy showing a pronounced ``size effect.'' Experimental results indicate that in-situ full field strain measurements from DIC coupled with force measurements using dynamometry provide an adequate measure of anisotropy and heterogeneity during orthogonal cutting.
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The free neutron beta decay correlation A0 between neutron polarization and electron emission direction provides the strongest constraint on the ratio λ = gA/gV of the Axial-vector to Vector coupling constants in Weak decay. In conjunction with the CKM Matrix element Vud and the neutron lifetime τn, λ provides a test of Standard Model assumptions for the Weak interaction. Leading high-precision measurements of A0 and τn in the 1995-2005 time period showed discrepancies with prior measurements and Standard Model predictions for the relationship between λ, τn, and Vud. The UCNA experiment was developed to measure A0 from decay of polarized ultracold neutrons (UCN), providing a complementary determination of λ with different systematic uncertainties from prior cold neutron beam experiments. This dissertation describes analysis of the dataset collected by UCNA in 2010, with emphasis on detector response calibrations and systematics. The UCNA measurement is placed in the context of the most recent τn results and cold neutron A0 experiments.
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Estudo qualitativo, com base na Análise de Conteúdo, a partir da interrogação sobre como o usuário de drogas em situação de tratamento para a dependência química percebe-se como trabalhador, e qual sua relação com o mundo do trabalho. O referencial teórico apoiou-se nas definições de drogas psicotrópicas, dependência química e trabalho, das seguintes fontes, respectivamente, Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), Classificação Internacional das Doenças (CID-10) e Ministério do Trabalho (MT) e a teoria da Psicodinâmica do trabalho. A metodologia baseou-se na Análise de Conteúdo Temática. A coleta de dados desenvolveu-se por meio de entrevistas em profundidade, e pela obtenção de dados sociodemográficos e de trabalho a partir dos registros. Foram realizadas trinta e oitos entrevistas semi estruturadas com dez mulheres, quatorze homens usuários de múltiplas drogas e quatorze homens usuários somente de bebidas alcoólicas. Todos os sujeitos eram trabalhadores em tratamento no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial-álcool e drogas Centro Estadual de Tratamento e Reabilitação de Adictos (Caps-ad CENTRA-RIO). Foram organizadas e analisadas seis categorias: conciliação ente o trabalho e o consumo de drogas; trabalho e angústia; o mundo do trabalho favorecendo/estimulando o consumo; beneficio e UD; trabalho pleno; perspectivas de vida do UD. Discutiu-se a intensa relação de sofrimento que permeia o tempo todo o trabalhador usuário de drogas, as diversas alternativas experimentadas para conseguir conciliar o binômio trabalho e drogas, a submissão aos valores construídos no ambiente de trabalho, a função de integradora intragrupo dos trabalhadores e terapêutica das drogas para conseguir cumprir o trabalho real, sua função relaxante e domadora da angústia e do medo. Nas conclusões, discutem-se os limites do mundo do trabalho em acompanhar a evolução do campo da saúde mental e a Reforma Psiquiátrica, e a importância para a enfermagem do trabalho. O enfermeiro deve ser o articulador para que este trabalhador usuário de drogas atue como protagonista ativo da sua própria história, contribuindo com sua experiência, para que os profissionais de saúde, o trabalho e a sociedade em geral aperfeiçoem formas de cuidar integral.
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[ES] Este trabajo de fin de grado pretende analizar y explicar los beneficios y aportaciones del baile Zumba dirigida a los estudiantes de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (E.S.O.). Beneficios que no se limitan al plano físico sino también al psicológico. Pero no me voy a limitar a un análisis descriptivo de los beneficios que citan numerosos autores en la literatura científica, sino que voy a dar un paso más allá y también voy a proponer una Unidad Didáctica (U.D.) basada en la Zumba
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This technical report comprises two different studies in terms of their conclusions, but based on the same field surveys: “Yearly consumption evaluation of the strategic materials for the artisanal fisheries of Mozambique” and “Constitution, typology and distribution studies of the Mozambican artisanal fishing gears”. In the first of the above studies, the amount of the materials found in each gear, the number of such gears and the wear factor “r” are subject to a computed data processing, producing the following outputs: list of materials demanded in each Mozambican fishing relevant province; list of materials demanded in the whole Mozambican territory. In the second study the observed gears constitutions are analysed and differences and similitudes among them are searched. The details of maneuver and productivity are referred as well. Attention is drawn to the fact that observations did not take place on the whole Mozambican territory, even not in the most representative but in some considerably important fishing centers with reasonable safety and connection facilities. About the first study, when it was not possible to reach such considerably important centers the determination of the approximate picture of them has been achieved by verbal information of people knowing them very well and by the sources referred here in after. Concerning the second study inferences have not been made. Although a limited number of samples has been collected, the accuracy of it has been checked by inquiry. Speculations have been developed only on observed cases. The surveys have been made by a team, assigned by the directors of UD-PPE and Equipesca, under author’s coordination.
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Feeding experiments were conducted on the postlarvae of Channa striatus with two different live feeds - a copepod (Thermocyclops decipiens) and cladocerans (Moina micrura and Ceriodaphnia comuta) individually and in mixture. Food was provided at the rate of (500±50 Ind/L) and the experiments were carried out in 100 litre capacity tanks for 30 days. Results indicated better weight gain (951.85±28.77%) and survival (92.00<%) of postlarvae fed with mixed live food than individual live feed organisms.
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We propose a principled algorithm for robust Bayesian filtering and smoothing in nonlinear stochastic dynamic systems when both the transition function and the measurement function are described by non-parametric Gaussian process (GP) models. GPs are gaining increasing importance in signal processing, machine learning, robotics, and control for representing unknown system functions by posterior probability distributions. This modern way of system identification is more robust than finding point estimates of a parametric function representation. Our principled filtering/smoothing approach for GP dynamic systems is based on analytic moment matching in the context of the forward-backward algorithm. Our numerical evaluations demonstrate the robustness of the proposed approach in situations where other state-of-the-art Gaussian filters and smoothers can fail. © 2011 IEEE.
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本文通过盆栽试验,研究了自制喷涂硝化抑制剂双氰胺、硝化抑制剂3,5-二甲基吡唑、硝化抑制剂双氰胺与脲酶抑制剂氢醌组合的三种抑制剂缓释尿素(UD、UDMP、UDH)及包膜尿素和先喷涂抑制剂后又包膜的四种包膜缓释尿素(CU、CUD、CUDMP、CUDH)在对土壤氮转化及芹菜生长及硝酸盐含量等品质的影响。结果表明: 1.施用缓释尿素提高了氮肥的表观利用率;可减少土壤中硝态氮的含量,抑制土壤硝酸盐的累积。七种缓释尿素中以UDH对减少土壤硝酸盐的累积作用最大,其次为UD;包膜与不包膜相比,包膜的几个处理并没有显示出更好的效果。土壤硝酸盐与土壤硝酸还原酶活性、土壤亚硝酸还原酶活性之间存在显著的负相关关系。 2.施用缓释尿素明显提高芹菜地上部分质量,提高芹菜产量;缓释尿素的施用对芹菜叶、茎中硝酸盐的累积有明显的抑制作用;施用缓释尿素可显著增加芹菜叶、茎中维生素C含量、氨基酸含量和粗蛋白总量,提高芹菜品质。本试验条件下芹菜最佳品质收获期为移栽后90天左右。七种缓释尿素中以UDH对减少芹菜硝酸盐累积的作用最大,其次为CUD;包膜的几个处理比不包膜处理的抑制效果较好。 3.对比试验各处理在土壤氮转化与芹菜品质影响正贡献率,可以得到: UDH>UDMP>CU>CUDH>CUD>CUDMP>UD>U>CK。给出本次试验条件下最佳肥料:UDH。
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随着移动机器人应用范围的日益扩展,在动态、非结构环境下提高自主行为能力已经成为移动机器人研究领域的首要问题。本文以“863”高技术计划资助项目“复合机构移动机器人构型在线优化及控制共性技术研究”为依托,以沈阳自动化研究所自主研发的“模块化便携式履带式移动机器人”为实验平台,针对实时非线性在线估计共性方法及其在移动机器人行为环境的自主建模及环境适应运动控制等方面的引用,展开深入研究,旨在提高移动机器人对动态、非结构环境的适应能力。本论文的主要内容如下:首先,研究了二维环境下移动机器人的滑动效应建模问题。将滑动效应表达为三个时变的滑动参数,建立起带滑动参数的移动机器人运动学和动力学模型,探讨了运动模型的能控性和能观性,并结合动力学分析对侧滑参数的深层机制进行了分析。本研究内容为后续估计和控制问题的验证提供了仿真对象。其次,介绍了四种非线性在线估计共性方法,即基于线性化理论的EKF估计方法、基于无色变换的UKF估计方法、基于UKF重要性采样的UPF估计方法和基于未知但有界噪声假设的ESMF估计方法,建立了具有一般性的移动机器人在线建模结构;针对上述四种估计方法在移动机器人在线建模方面的应用进行了分析和比较研究,重点强调了保边界集员估计方法独有的优势。第三,针对ESMF估计方法本身存在的数值稳定性差、时间复杂度高以及滤波器参数难于选择的缺点,提出了基于UD分解的自适应扩展集员估计方法,将包络矩阵UD分解、观测序列更新和选择更新、滤波器参数的次优自适应选择三种策略结合起来,以提高ESMF的实时性和鲁棒性,针对滑动参数估计的仿真结果表明了所提方法的有效性。第四,针对两类带有参数不确定性的移动机器人控制问题,提出了在线估计与控制相结合的方法。其一是带未知时变滑动参数的移动机器人跟踪控制问题,采用非线性估计方法对未知参数进行在线估计,并结合动态反馈线性化和PD控制律两种控制策略,以达到全局指数跟踪的收敛结果。其二是带滑动参数和几何参数等混合不确定性的移动机器人点镇定控制问题,采用state scaling和back-stepping方法,对参数未知但有界的情形获得了全局指数收敛的点镇定结果。最后,对三维情况下移动机器人周边地形环境的在线建模问题进行了研究。采用数字高程网格地图表达地形环境,介绍了基于高斯和模型的地形估计方法。针对高斯和模型本身近似条件所引起的应用困难和精度较差的缺点,提出了基于区间集员估计理论的地形环境模型估计方法,避免了高斯和估计方法中存在的大量近似条件,改善了地形估计性能,并可获得地形的保证边界估计信息,为机器人的运动控制和构型调整提供必需的先验知识。仿真和实验研究均证明了集员地形估计方法相对于高斯和地形估计方法的优越性。
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A pecuária de corte do Estado do Acre, caracterizava-se por deficiência de comercialização, abastecimento e uma sensível carência alimentar do rebanho. Após a década de setenta, começaram a ser construídas estradas,no Estado, para interligá-lo a outros centros produtores o país o que ocasionou a imigração de pessoas para Rondônia e Acre. A maioria das pessoas que vieram para o Acre, usaram a terra como reserva de valor, ficando o capital produtivo em Rondônia que, por essa razão, é considerado hoje um dos maiores centros produtores de alimentos de primeira necessidade das regiões Norte e Centro-Oeste. Em termos de pecuária de corte, o rebanho do Estado sofreu introdução de várias raças, e com isso, o rebanho não teve uma padronização racial que favorecesse rendimentos de carcaças satisfatórios.