Electron Cyclotron Resonance in Strained Si and Si0.94Ge0.06 Channels on Relaxed Si0.62Ge0.38 Buffers Grown by Rapid Thermal Chemical Vapor Deposition

We report the far-infrared measurements of the electron cyclotron resonance absorption in n-type Si/Si0. 62Ge0.38 and Si0.94Ge0.06 /Si0. 62Ge0.38 modulation- doped heterostructures grown by rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition. The strained Si and Si0.94Ge0.06 channels were grown on relaxed Si0.62Ge0.38 buffer layers, which consist of 0.6 μm uniform Si0.62Ge0.38 layers and 0.5 μm compositionally graded relaxed SiGe layers from 0% Ge to 38 % Ge. The buffer layers were annealed at 800 °C for 1 hr to obtain complete relaxation. The samples had 100 Å spacers and 300 Å 2×1019 cm-3 n-type supply layers on the tops of the 75 Å channels. The far-infrared measurements of electron cyclotron resonance were performed at 4K with the magnetic field of 4 – 8 Tesla. The effective masses determined from the slope of center frequency of absorption peak vs applied magnetic field plot are 0.20 mo and 0.19 mo for the two dimensional electron gases in the Si and Si0.94Ge0.06 channels, respectively. The Si effective mass is very close to that of two dimensional electron gas in Si MOSFET (0.198mo). The electron effective mass of Si0.94Ge0.06 is reported for the first time and about 5 % lower than that of pure Si.

Transport properties of CuIn1-xAlxSe2/AZnO heterostructure for low cost thin film photovoltaics

CuIn1-xAlxSe2 (CIASe) thin films were grown by a simple sol-gel route followed by annealing under vacuum. Parameters related to the spin-orbit (Delta(SO)) and crystal field (Delta(CF)) were determined using a quasi-cubic model. Highly oriented (002) aluminum doped (2%) ZnO, 100 nm thin films, were co-sputtered for CuIn1-xAlxSe2/AZnO based solar cells. Barrier height and ideality factor varied from 0.63 eV to 0.51 eV and 1.3186 to 2.095 in the dark and under 1.38 A. M 1.5 solar illumination respectively. Current-voltage characteristics carried out at 300 K were confined to a triangle, exhibiting three limiting conduction mechanisms: Ohms law, trap-filled limit curve and SCLC, with 0.2 V being the cross-over voltage, for a quadratic transition from Ohm's to Child's law. Visible photodetection was demonstrated with a CIASe/AZO photodiode configuration. Photocurrent was enhanced by one order from 3 x 10(-3) A in the dark at 1 V to 3 x 10(-2) A upon 1.38 sun illumination. The optimized photodiode exhibits an external quantum efficiency of over 32% to 10% from 350 to 1100 nm at high intensity 17.99 mW cm(-2) solar illumination. High responsivity R-lambda similar to 920 A W-1, sensitivity S similar to 9.0, specific detectivity D* similar to 3 x 10(14) Jones, make CIASe a potential absorber for enhancing the forthcoming technological applications of photodetection.

Efecto de la temperatura y métodos de aplicación en la patogenecidad del aislado 38/87 de Beauveria bassiana (Bals) vuill, contra Plutella xylostella (L) (Lepidoptera: plutellidae)

Con el objetivo de darle seguimiento al manejo de Plutella xylostella (L) considerada como plaga principal del cultivo del repollo (Brassica oleracea (L), Se evaluó el efecto que ejercen las temperaturas sobre el aislado 38/87 de Beauveria bassiana. (Bals) Vuill, realizado en el laboratorio de control microbial de la Universidad Nacional Agraria, (U.NA). Managua, Nicaragua. Las temperaturas evaluadas fueron 23, 25, 26, 28, 30 °C. con 75% de humedad relativa y una misma concentración 10º conidias/ml aplicando las conidias a las larvas por el método de inmersión y aspersión de las hojas de repollo. La prueba de Tukey estableció diferencias significativas entre tratamientos siendo la temperatura de 26ºc la más óptima en la mortalidad de larvas, para ambos métodos, con porcentajes de mortalidad por aspersión de 87.2% e inmersión con 81.7%, seguido de las temperaturas de 30ºC con 73.4% inmersión y 70.9% aspersión. Los valores más bajos del ensayo se obtuvieron con un porcentaje de 37.0% para la temperatura de 23ºC por el método de aspersión. El análisis de varianza realizado para determinar el nivel de significancia entre ambos métodos de aplicación, resultó con diferencias Significativas. El método de aplicación influye en los resultados de bioensayos. Se encontró que la inoculación de larvas por inmersión resulta más eficiente en la mortalidad de larvas. Los valores de TL50(tiempo letal medio) variaron en dependencia de la temperatura siendo el TL50 más bajo en la temperatura de 30ºC por el método de inmersión con O.72 días después de la inoculación , seguida de la temperatura de 26ºC con 2.52 días después de la inoculación. Por el método de aspersión se obtuvo mejores resultados en las temperaturas de 26 y 28ºC con 1.15 y 6.37 días. respectivamente.

Letras, 1998-1999, nº 38-39 (número completo)

Contenido: El amanuense de Borges / Roberto Alifano – Presencia de la muerte en Los conjurados / María Amelia Arancet Ruda – Borges y el género biográfico / Graciela del Carmen Barreiro – Alemania en Borges / Claudia E. de Belva – Perfiles biográficos en La intrusa de Carlos Hugo Christensen / Armando Capalbo – Borges y la literatura oral / Norma Carricaburo – Hacia un cronotopo rioplatense en Borges: su lectura de La tierra purpúrea de Guillermo E. Hudson / Laura F. Cilento – Borges “Autor universal entre dos mundos” / Héctor Ciocchini – Jorge Luis Borges en el canon occidental / Jorge Dubatti – La estructura circular en dos cuentos de Jorge Luis Borges / Sara Beatriz Fernández March – Borges y su concepción de la historia / Teresita Frugoni de Fritzsche – Borges y la isotopía de la incertidumbre / Mariano García ; clara Miri – Algunas consideraciones sobre el uso del diálogo en la narrativa borgeana / Javier Roberto González – Cervantes por Borges: las lecturas posibles / Silvina Cristina Lstra Paz – Civilización y barbarie: dos versiones del sueño de la historia / María Rosa Lojo – Algunas preferencias literarias en “Los Amigos”, de Jorge Luis Borges / Nora Longhini – El Astrólogo postergado: Xul Solar y Borges en la década del 20 / Fabiana Elisa Martínez – El “arte poética” de Borges, una estética de la duración / Luis Martínez Cuitiño – Aproximaciones al pensamiento de Jorge Luis Borges: la vuelta al humanismo / Graciela Maturo – Los hacedores en El hacedor de Borges / Valeria Melchiore – Jorge L. Borges: Autobiografía y (Auto)ficción / Ros aE. M. D. Penna – Polifonía y contrapunto en la narrativa de Jorge Luis Borges / Elisa Rey – Borges o la pregunta por el ser / Ana María Rodríguez Francia – Emerson y Borges, dos americanos ante la Historia / María Alejandra Rosarossa – Un homenaje a Jorge Luis Borges en La prisión de la libertad de Michael Ende / Nora Lía Sormani – La memoria de Shakespeare: Borges y el laberinto de la memoria / María Esther Vázquez – Reseñas bibliográficas

Sapientia, 1955, Vol. X, nº 38 (número completo)

Contenido: El odio a la verdad y a la inteligencia / La Dirección – Sentido, alcance y fundamentación del principio de razón de ser / Octavio N. Derisi – El cristiano y la libertad / Alberto Caturelli – Para una teoría del signo y del concepto mental como signo formal / Juan A. Casaubón – Notas y comentarios – Documentos -- Bibliografía

Vigência do Decreto Lei n° 844/38

Consultoria Legislativa - Área XVII - Segurança Pública e Defesa Nacional.

Evaluation of macrophyte control in 38 Florida lakes using triploid grass carp

Florida’s large number of shallow lakes, warm climate and long growing season have contributed to the development of excessive growths of aquatic macrophytes that have seriously interfered with many water use activities. The introduction of exotic aquatic macrophyte species such as hydrilla ( Hydrilla verticillata ) have added significantly to aquatic plant problems in Florida lakes. The use of grass carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella ) can be an effective and economical control for aquatic vegetation such as hydrilla. Early stocking rates (24 to 74 grass carp per hectare of lake area) resulted in grass carp consumption rates that vastly exceeded the growth rates of the aquatic plants and often resulted in the total loss of all submersed vegetation. This study looked at 38 Florida lakes that had been stocked with grass carp for 3 to 10 years with stocking rates ranging from < 1 to 59 grass carp per hectare of lake and 1 to 207 grass carp per hectare of vegetation to determine the long term effects of grass carp on aquatic macrophyte communities. The median PAC (percent area coverage) value of aquatic macrophytes for the study lakes after they were stocked with grass carp was 14% and the median PVI (percent volume infested) value of aquatic macrophytes was 2%. Only lakes stocked with less than 25 to 30 fish per hectare of vegetation tended to have higher than median PAC and PVI values. When grass carp are stocked at levels of > 25 to 30 fish per hectare of vegetation the complete control of aquatic vegetation can be achieved, with the exception of a few species of plants that grass carp have extreme difficulty consuming. If the management goal for a lake is to control some of the problem aquatic plants while maintaining a small population of predominately unpalatable aquatic plants, grass carp can be stocked at approximately 25 to 30 fish per hectare of vegetation.

Effects of shear on eggs and larvae of striped bass, morone saxatilis, and white perch, M. americana

Shear stress, generated by water movement, can kill fish eggs and larvae by causing rotation or deformation. Through the use of an experimental apparatus, a series of shear (as dynes/cm2)-mortality equations for fixed time exposures were generated for striped bass and white perch eggs and larvae. Exposure of striped bass eggs to a shear level of 350 dynes/cm2 kills 36% of the eggs in 1 min; 69% in 2 min, and 88% in 4 min; exposure of larvae to 350 dynes/cm2 kills 9.3% in 1 min, 30.0% in 2 min, and 68.1% in 4 min. A shear level of 350 dynes/cm2 kills 38% of the white perch eggs in 1 min, 41% in 2 min, 89% in 5 min, 96% in 10 min, and 98% in 20 min. A shear level of 350 dynes/cm2 applied to white perch larvae destroys 38% of the larvae in 1 min, 52% in 2 min, and 75% in 4 min. Results are experimentally used in conjunction with the determination of shear levels in the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal and ship movement for the estimation of fish egg and larval mortalities in the field.

Talla 38

Duración (en horas): De 11 a 20 horas. Destinatario: Estudiante y Docente

Diário da Constituinte [gravação de vídeo] : [programa n. 350]

Os constituintes discutem sobre a mudança no regimento interno e fazem manifesto sobre a proteção ao meio ambiente.

"Talla 38"

Capítulo 6 del libro: Guisasola, Jenaro ; Garmendia, Mikel (eds.) "Aprendizaje basado en problemas, proyectos y casos: diseño e implementación de experiencias en la universidad" (ISBN: 978-84-9860-959-2)

The changes in various iron compounds in culture media for algae. [Translation from: Archiv fur Hydrobiologie Supplemente Band 38(1/2) 151-169, 1970.]

The purpose of this work is a contribution to the quantitative record of the use of iron by planktonic algae. Preliminary experiments with Chlorella to determine the rate of iron intake in the presence of inorganic sources of iron did not produce the desired result. The crucial point of this work is the investigation of the influence of various external factors on the stability of FeEDTA (FeEDTA = Ferric(III)-compound of ethylene-diamine tetra-acetic acid), since this compound appears to be particularly well-suited as a source of iron for planktonic algae (e.g. TAMIYA et al. 1953). Cultures of Chlorella fusca in a light thermostat were used in experimental research. Methods and results are discussed.

Mechanism of red colouration in Tovel-See (”Conclusions” only) [Translation from: Archiv fur Hydrobiologie 38 299-302, 1941]

Cases of red colouration in small lake basins, due to the abundant appearance of microorganisms have long been known. Usually it is caused by a fast, sudden, intensive propagation (so called ”bloom”) of Cyanophycae and bacteria. (e.g. Oscillatoracae, thiobacteria etc.). An exception to this is the red colouration of Tovel-See, an alpine lake basin in the Dolomites of the Brenta group (Trentino), lying at a height of 1178 m and hidden in the woodland of a valley. Here the red bloom has a double rhythm: a daily and a yearly rhythm. The colouration of one part of the lake takes place in the warmest months of the year (i.e. July, August, September) and in the middle hours of the day. The immediate origin of the bloom has been known for a long time: it is caused by the Peridinacae Glenodinium sanguineum. This paper describes the phenomenon of red colouration of the lake and discusses its conditions.

To the knowledge of the genus Pseudospora Cienkowski [Translation from: Archiv fur Protistenkunde 59, 350-368, 1927]

Morphological observations on the two types of Pseudospora are given. The two Pseudospora whic are described are Pseudospora eudorini and Pseudospora volvocis. The systematic classification of the genus Pseudospora is discussed.

Some data on the content of organic carbon in rivers in the winter months. [Translation from: Gidrochim. Mat. 23, 36-38, 1955]

Observations are reported on the content of organic matter in the Moscow region in 1941. Some data is given on alkalinity, oxygen content and colourisation of the rivers.