A Comunica����o na Transi����o do Pr�� -Escolar para o 1.�� Ciclo

Mediante a grande relev��ncia que a sociedade ao longo dos tempos tem dado sobre a tem��tica da educa����o das crian��as, atualmente, esta �� vista como um suporte fundamental de todo um processo de aprendizagem ao longo da vida das crian��as. E embora a Educa����o pr��-escolar (EPE) tenha cariz opcional, contemporaneamente esta �� reconhecida como sendo a primeira etapa de um processo de forma����o integral que visa, principalmente, preparar as crian��as para a escola, preparando-as para o longo caminho educativo, com um peso decisivo no sucesso escolar e social destas mesmas. Consciente da relev��ncia da EPE, apresentamos um trabalho de projeto que procura elucidar e dar resposta ao problema da: comunica����o na transi����o do Pr��-Escolar para o 1.�� Ciclo. A ser implementado, a metodologia do mesmo ser�� a investiga����o a����o (I-A), devido ��s caracter��sticas de interven����o social, inerentes ��s vari��veis em estudo e aos destinat��rios alvo do projeto de interven����o. Pretende-se alcan��ar os seguintes objetivos: a) ���identificar as principais barreiras da comunica����o na transi����o do Pr��-Escolar para o 1.�� Ciclo; b) enunciar estrat��gias que estimulem pr��ticas alternativas �� passagem de informa����o entre o Pr��-Escolar e o 1.�� Ciclo; c) articular a passagem de informa����o entre o Pr��-Escolar e o 1.�� Ciclo���, Para tal, prop��sito, prop��s-se implementar uma a����o de forma����o com onze sess��es, assente na revis��o da literatura da especialidade, na autorreflex��o, na experi��ncia did��tica de cada um dos participantes, assim como, na pertin��ncia do trabalho em equipa, cooperativo e participativo entre docentes. Pretende-se com esta forma����o, para al��m de atingir os objetivos acima referidos, promover atitudes de mudan��a, din��micas colaborativas contextualizadas, ancoradas na comunica����o, na reflex��o cont��nua, na supervis��o como a����o de monitoriza����o da pr��tica pedag��gica e, ao mesmo tempo, gradualmente, robustecendo atitudes e condutas que alteram alguns pr��-conceitos existentes.

Dispersion Experiments in Central London: The 2007 DAPPLE project

In the event of a release of toxic gas in the center of London, the emergency services would need to determine quickly the extent of the area contaminated. The transport of pollutants by turbulent flow within the complex street and building architecture of cities is not straightforward, and we might wonder whether it is at all possible to make a scientifically-reasoned decision. Here we describe recent progress from a major UK project, ���Dispersion of Air Pollution and its Penetration into the Local Environment��� (DAPPLE, www.dapple.org.uk). In DAPPLE, we focus on the movement of airborne pollutants in cities by developing a greater understanding of atmospheric flow and dispersion within urban street networks. In particular, we carried out full-scale dispersion experiments in central London (UK) during 2003, 2004, 2007, and 2008 to address the extent of the dispersion of tracers following their release at street level. These measurements complemented previous studies because (i) our focus was on dispersion within the first kilometer from the source, when most of the material was expected to remain within the street network rather than being mixed into the boundary layer aloft, (ii) measurements were made under a wide variety of meteorological conditions, and (iii) central London represents a European, rather than North American, city geometry. Interpretation of the results from the full-scale experiments was supported by extensive numerical and wind tunnel modeling, which allowed more detailed analysis under idealized and controlled conditions. In this article, we review the full-scale DAPPLE methodologies and show early results from the analysis of the 2007 field campaign data.

Experiences with sustainability indicators and stakeholder participation: A case study relating to a 'Blue Plan' project in Malta

The practical application of systemic sustainability analysis (SSA; Bell and Morse, 1999) as applied in-a project instigated and managed by 'Blue Plan', one of the regional activity centres of the Mediterranean Action Plan, is set out and explained in this paper. The context in which SSA was applied and adapted to SPSA (systemic and prospective sustainability analysis). is described in the Mediterranean, primarily in Malta. The SSA process is summarized, its extension and linkage to the prospective approach is described and the comments of stakeholders in the context are added. Some preliminary outcomes are suggested. The pauticular focus of the paper is on the lessons learned from doing SSA/SPSA within a classic blueprint project framework. It is-not assumed that SSA/SPSA is 'finished' or 'definitive'. Rather, we suggest that it is a developing and changing approach that practitioners can adapt and change to meet the specific needs of the circumstances that confront them. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.

The influence of project complexity on estimating accuracy

With the rapid development in technology over recent years, construction, in common with many areas of industry, has become increasingly complex. It would, therefore, seem to be important to develop and extend the understanding of complexity so that industry in general and in this case the construction industry can work with greater accuracy and efficiency to provide clients with a better service. This paper aims to generate a definition of complexity and a method for its measurement in order to assess its influence upon the accuracy of the quantity surveying profession in UK new build office construction. Quantitative data came from an analysis of twenty projects of varying size and value and qualitative data came from interviews with professional quantity surveyors. The findings highlight the difficulty in defining and measuring project complexity. The correlation between accuracy and complexity was not straightforward, being subjected to many extraneous variables, particularly the impact of project size. Further research is required to develop a better measure of complexity. This is in order to improve the response of quantity surveyors, so that an appropriate level of effort can be applied to individual projects, permitting greater accuracy and enabling better resource planning within the profession.

LiDAR mapping of tidal marshes for ecogeomorphological modelling in the TIDE project

The European research project TIDE (Tidal Inlets Dynamics and Environment) is developing and validating coupled models describing the morphological, biological and ecological evolution of tidal environments. The interactions between the physical and biological processes occurring in these regions requires that the system be studied as a whole rather than as separate parts. Extensive use of remote sensing including LiDAR is being made to provide validation data for the modelling. This paper describes the different uses of LiDAR within the project and their relevance to the TIDE science objectives. LiDAR data have been acquired from three different environments, the Venice Lagoon in Italy, Morecambe Bay in England, and the Eden estuary in Scotland. LiDAR accuracy at each site has been evaluated using ground reference data acquired with differential GPS. A semi-automatic technique has been developed to extract tidal channel networks from LiDAR data either used alone or fused with aerial photography. While the resulting networks may require some correction, the procedure does allow network extraction over large areas using objective criteria and reduces fieldwork requirements. The networks extracted may subsequently be used in geomorphological analyses, for example to describe the drainage patterns induced by networks and to examine the rate of change of networks. Estimation of the heights of the low and sparse vegetation on marshes is being investigated by analysis of the statistical distribution of the measured LiDAR heights. Species having different mean heights may be separated using the first-order moments of the height distribution.

General systems perspective on achieving continuous synergy in a project organisation

Studies of construction labour productivity have revealed that limited predictability and multi-agent social complexity make long-range planning of construction projects extremely inaccurate. Fire-fighting, a cultural feature of construction project management, social and structural diversity of involved permanent organizations, and structural temporality all contribute towards relational failures and frequent changes. The main purpose of this paper is therefore to demonstrate that appropriate construction planning may have a profound synergistic effect on structural integration of a project organization. Using the general systems theory perspective it is further a specific objective to investigate and evaluate organizational effects of changes in planning and potentials for achieving continuous project-organizational synergy. The newly developed methodology recognises that planning should also represent a continuous, improvement-leading driving force throughout a project. The synergistic effect of the process planning membership duality fostered project-wide integration, eliminated internal boundaries, and created a pool of constantly upgrading knowledge. It maintained a creative environment that resulted in a number of process-related improvements from all parts of the organization. As a result labour productivity has seen increases of more than 30%, profits have risen from an average of 12% to more than 18%, and project durations have been reduced by several days.

Knowledge communication and translation- A knowledge transfer model

Purpose ��� The purpose of this paper is to propose a process model for knowledge transfer in using theories relating knowledge communication and knowledge translation. Design/methodology/approach ��� Most of what is put forward in this paper is based on a research project titled ���Procurement for innovation and knowledge transfer (ProFIK)���. The project is funded by a UK government research council ��� The Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC). The discussions are mainly grounded on a thorough review of literature accomplished as part of the research project. Findings ��� The process model developed in this paper has built upon the theory of knowledge transfer and the theory of communication. Knowledge transfer, per se, is not a mere transfer of knowledge. It involves different stages of knowledge transformation. Depending on the context of knowledge transfer, it can also be influenced by many factors; some positive and some negative. The developed model of knowledge transfer attempts to encapsulate all these issues in order to create a holistic framework. Originality/value of paper ��� An attempt has been made in the paper to combine some of the significant theories or findings relating to knowledge transfer together, making the paper an original and valuable one.

Highly resolved observations of trace gases in the lowermost stratosphere and upper troposphere from the SPURT project: an overview

During SPURT (Spurenstofftransport in der Tropopausenregion, trace gas transport in the tropopause region) we performed measurements of a wide range of trace gases with different lifetimes and sink/source characteristics in the northern hemispheric upper troposphere (UT) and lowermost stratosphere (LMS). A large number of in-situ instruments were deployed on board a Learjet 35A, flying at altitudes up to 13.7 km, at times reaching to nearly 380 K potential temperature. Eight measurement campaigns (consisting of a total of 36 flights), distributed over all seasons and typically covering latitudes between 35�� N and 75�� N in the European longitude sector (10�� W���20�� E), were performed. Here we present an overview of the project, describing the instrumentation, the encountered meteorological situations during the campaigns and the data set available from SPURT. Measurements were obtained for N2O, CH4, CO, CO2, CFC12, H2, SF6, NO, NOy, O3 and H2O. We illustrate the strength of this new data set by showing mean distributions of the mixing ratios of selected trace gases, using a potential temperature-equivalent latitude coordinate system. The observations reveal that the LMS is most stratospheric in character during spring, with the highest mixing ratios of O3 and NOy and the lowest mixing ratios of N2O and SF6. The lowest mixing ratios of NOy and O3 are observed during autumn, together with the highest mixing ratios of N2O and SF6 indicating a strong tropospheric influence. For H2O, however, the maximum concentrations in the LMS are found during summer, suggesting unique (temperature- and convection-controlled) conditions for this molecule during transport across the tropopause. The SPURT data set is presently the most accurate and complete data set for many trace species in the LMS, and its main value is the simultaneous measurement of a suite of trace gases having different lifetimes and physical-chemical histories. It is thus very well suited for studies of atmospheric transport, for model validation, and for investigations of seasonal changes in the UT/LMS, as demonstrated in accompanying and elsewhere published studies.

International experiential diversity and performance at project organizations: The case of national football teams

Purpose��� The purpose of this paper is to shed new light on the link between diversity in project teams and team performance by examining the effects of players��� international career diversity on the performance of national football teams. Design/methodology/approach��� The paper draws upon the literature on project organizations and experiential diversity in teams. Using data on players��� international career backgrounds and team performance from the FIFA World Cup 2006, the authors test two hypotheses linking experiential diversity in teams and a measure of relative team performance. The dataset includes detailed individual background profiles of the 736 participating players and performance data from the 64 games played at the tournament. Findings��� The findings suggest that different types of experiential diversity have contrasting effects on team performance in a time���limited project team setting. Research limitations/implications��� These findings encourage team diversity researchers to further examine the impact of experiential diversity in teams on team process and performance outcomes in future research. Practical implications��� The findings particularly highlight the need to carefully manage experiential diversity in project team settings in order to benefit from access to diverse tacit resources, while at the same time avoiding that the integrative capacities of teams becoming overstretched. Originality/value��� The paper is a step towards a better understanding of how diversity of individual career backgrounds affects team performance outcomes in project teams.

The DACCIWA project: dynamics-aerosol-chemistry-cloud interactions in West Africa

Massive economic and population growth, and urbanization are expected to lead to a tripling of anthropogenic emissions in southern West Africa (SWA) between 2000 and 2030. However, the impacts of this on human health, ecosystems, food security, and the regional climate are largely unknown. An integrated assessment is challenging due to (a) a superposition of regional effects with global climate change, (b) a strong dependence on the variable West African monsoon, (c) incomplete scientific understanding of interactions between emissions, clouds, radiation, precipitation, and regional circulations, and (d) a lack of observations. This article provides an overview of the DACCIWA (Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa) project. DACCIWA will conduct extensive fieldwork in SWA to collect high-quality observations, spanning the entire process chain from surface-based natural and anthropogenic emissions to impacts on health, ecosystems, and climate. Combining the resulting benchmark dataset with a wide range of modeling activities will allow (a) assessment of relevant physical, chemical, and biological processes, (b) improvement of the monitoring of climate and atmospheric composition from space, and (c) development of the next generation of weather and climate models capable of representing coupled cloud-aerosol interactions. The latter will ultimately contribute to reduce uncertainties in climate predictions. DACCIWA collaborates closely with operational centers, international programs, policy-makers, and users to actively guide sustainable future planning for West Africa. It is hoped that some of DACCIWA���s scientific findings and technical developments will be applicable to other monsoon regions.

Estudos de caso : implanta����o de sistemas ERP - uma an��lise cr��tica �� luz da metodologia de Project Management

Este documento constitui-se em uma disserta����o de mestrado, requisito parcial para a obten����o do grau de Mestre em Gest��o Empresaria e P��blica. Este estudo procura mostrar que a ado����o dessa nova tecnologia atrav��s de projetos de implanta����o de sistema de ERP n��o s�� mudam processos administrativos como tamb��m produtos, servi��os e estruturas organizacionais e que a sua implanta����o se constitui em um grande projeto que envolve um n��mero consider��vel de recursos e tempo das organiza����es. Este estudo procurar mostrar tamb��m que os impactos que tais projetos trazem, s��o mais fortemente sentidos ou n��o pela organiza����o de acordo com uma s��rie de fatores, entre eles, a resist��ncia �� mudan��a e o quanto a organiza����o est�� preparada para enfrentar essas mudan��as, o medo da perda do emprego pela ado����o de uma nova tecnologia, problemas com a falta de comunica����o das mudan��as, quest��es relacionadas �� cultura organizacional vigente, a falta de envolvimento da alta administra����o, entre outras. Para gerenciar todas essas vari��veis, as organiza����es modernas adotam t��cnicas para garantir o sucesso da implanta����o dessas novas tecnologias. o estudo aqui proposto tem como objetivo determinar at�� que ponto a utiliza����o de metodologias e de t��cnicas de Project Management �� o suficiente para que esses projetos alcancem o sucesso esperado pelas organiza����es. A quantidade de vari��veis que influenciam o resultado de um projeto s��o muitas e cada uma delas possui um papel importante que deve ser avaliado. As conclus��es desta pesquisa demonstram que o sucesso de um projeto nem sempre se resume a atingir os objetivos inicialmente propostos, relativos ao cumprimento do prazo, escopo e custo de um projeto, conforme define a metodologia de Project Management. Outros aspectos considerados por essa metodologia, se melhor ou pior aplicados, tamb��m contribuem para o sucesso ou fracasso de um projeto de implanta����o de um sistema de ERP sendo o seu fracasso traduzido ou n��o, no cumprimento do prazo, do escopo inicialmente previsto ou no custo inicialmente calculado. Outros aspectos que n��o apenas a aplica����o correta da metodologia de Project Management contribuem para os resultados alcan��ados pelo projeto.

Lean management and innovation in operational efficiency: the EGR project implemented by Pirelli Tyre Brazil in Santo Andr�� plant

O trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar e descrever analiticamente a implementa����o de pr��ticas de manufatura enxuta pela Pirelli Pneus no seu complexo industrial da Am��rica Latina. Al��m de uma descri����o estruturada e ampla dos princ��pios de produ����o de Toyota e fundamentos te��ricos do Lean thinking, uma ��nfase especial ser�� dedicada ao projeto EGR (Especialistas em Gest��o da Rotina), como uma ferramenta estrat��gica para ser usada pela empresa multinacional italiana no futuro pr��ximo, de modo a alcan��ar um resultado mais eficaz e eficiente na gest��o da rotina di��ria. Este projeto, que representa um componente significativo do Pirelli Manufacturing System (PMS) e, principalmente, voltado para supervisores e gestores de plantas, consiste principalmente em ajudar a empresa a desenvolver a capacidade empresarial para avaliar corretamente o gap potencial existente entre os resultados atuais e os esperados, para tanto entender os desvios, bem como as causas subjacentes, e melhorar continuamente o desempenho da empresa por meio da padroniza����o de processos e redu����o de desperdicios. Esses objetivos podem ser perseguidos, atuando em dois meios essenciais: habilidades t��cnicas e comportamentais de lideran��a para apoiar cada equipe de projeto; uma maior efic��cia na gest��o de indicadores de desempenho nas diferentes unidades de f��brica, de acordo com KPIs estabelecidos no n��vel central pelo Head Quarter. Al��m disso, a investiga����o ser�� focada na experi��ncia peculiar da planta de Santo Andr��, onde o EGR come��ou como piloto, com o objetivo de captar as altera����es relevantes (no lado organizacional e econ��mico) que este projeto trouxe para a empresa, atrav��s da realiza����o de pesquisa de campo e entrevistas, que s��o orientados a recolher provas, considera����es e opini��es de todos os principais atores envolvidos.

A sociometric analysis for the creation of an integrated multicultural work team

This research aimed to apply the sociometric theory and its methodology to create an integrated multicultural work team. The study focused on the application of the sociometry theory, developed by Jacob L. Moreno in 1934, to analyze the small multicultural group. In the beginning, a review of the literature was done to have a better understanding of Sociometric Theory as well as the modern tools and software developed to analyze and map the social networks. After this part of the study, the qualitative study was done, in which 26 students from 12 countries, which studied together in a Corporate International Master (2014-2015), developed by Georgetown University���s McDonough School of Business, Corporate Master of Business Administration from ESADE Business School and FGV/EBAPE, were surveyed and asked them to choose people, among the selected group, who they attracted, rejected or they were neutral towards, in 4 different scenarios: work team, leadership, trip (leisure time) and personal problem. Additionally, there were, two questions asked about how they felt when they answered the survey and which question(s) was/were difficult to answer and why. The focus on these two questions was to understand the emotional state of the respondents when they answered the survey and related this emotional state to the Sociometric Theory. The sociometric matrix, using Microsoft Excel, was created using the answers and the total of the positive, negative and neutral choices were analyzed for each scenario as well as the mutualities and incongruences of the choices. Furthermore, the software Kumu was used to analyze the connections between the people in the selected group using three metrics: size, degree centrality and indegree. Also Kumu was used to draw the social maps or sociometric maps. Using the relationship level analyses of the sociometric matrix and maps, it was possible to create an integrated multicultural work team. In the end, the results obtained suggest that it is possible to apply the sociometric methodology to study the relationships inside companies, project teams and work teams and identify the best work team based on the interrelationship between the people as well as the lack of communication among the team members, project team or inside the company as a whole.