Poikkeustila uuskolonialismin välineenä. (Post-)foucault’lainen valta-analyysi Yhdysvaltain tuottamista poikkeustiloista 9/11 jälkeisenä aikana.

Tutkielmassa käsitellään Yhdysvaltain 9/11 jälkeistä ulkopolitiikkaa Giorgio Agambenin esittelemän poikkeustilan käsitteen valossa. Pyrkimys on tarkastella sitä, millä tavalla Yhdysvallat käyttää poikkeustilaa uuskolonialismissaan sekä terrorisminvastaisessa sodassaan. Lisäksi uuskolonialismin oikeuttamisessa käytetyt poikkeustilan maantieteelliset mielikuvat ovat kiinnostuksen kohteena. Näiden tavoitteiden tukena käsitellään uuskolonialismissa käytettyjä vallan ja hallinnan muotoja. Michel Foucault’n valtakäsitys toimii Agambenin valtakäsityksen parina, sitä täydentäen ja kyseenalaistaen. Aineistoa on lähestytty Agambenin ja Foucault’n tuotannon pohjalta luodun valta-analyysin keinoin. Tukena on käytetty Peter Milleriin ja Nikolas Roseen sekä Mitchell Deaniin pohjaavaa hallintamentaliteetin teoriaa. Tutkielman kolmitasoisessa lähestymistavassa metatasona on Yhdysvaltain harjoittama uuskolonialismi, makrotasona terrorisminvastainen sota ja mikrotasona konkreettinen leiriesimerkki, Guántanamo Bay. Aineistona on käytetty Kansakunnan tila -puheita, Yhdysvaltain hallintoelinten virallisia dokumentteja sekä YK:n ja ihmisoikeusjärjestöjen raportteja ja kannanottoja. Analyysin tuloksena väitetään, että Yhdysvallat käyttää poikkeustilaa hallinnan teknologiana ensisijaisesti normalisoidakseen poikkeuksellisia yksilöitä. Poikkeustilan avulla pyritään hallitsemaan uusliberalistiselle hallinnalle ominaisia määritelmiä pakenevaa modernia yhteiskuntaa. Keskeisenä hallintamentaliteetin rationaliteettina eli päämääränä nousee esiin rauhaisa ja vakaa, Yhdysvaltain arvot omaksunut maailma. Päämäärän tavoittelemisessa hyödynnetään poikkeustilan lisäksi erilaisia biovallan ja suvereenin vallan mekanismeja. Thanatovaltaa, kuoleman valtaa, hyödynnetään erityisesti leireillä. Poikkeuksellisia subjekteja normalisoidaan kurinpidollisin menetelmin, ja subjekteja tuotetaan keskeisesti desubjektivaation mekanismein. Tiedon ja vallan välinen dialektiikka on keskeinen väline hallinnassa. Poikkeustila on virtuaalinen hallinnan teknologia, joka voi materialisoituessaan tuottaa leirin minne tahansa, milloin tahansa. Poikkeustilaan liitettävät maantieteelliset mielikuvat suosivat mielikuvia vaarallisesta, vaikeasti paikannettavasta, poikkeuksellisesta vihollisesta. Näin suvereeni varaa mahdollisuuden lokalisoida vihollisen – ja poikkeustilan – maantieteellisesti minne tahansa, tarpeidensa mukaan.

Portraits de femmes : publication artistique bimensuelle / [texte signé : Émile Henriot]

1911/10 (N36,Pauline Bonaparte).

Abailard et Héloïse, essai historique. Suivi des Lettres d'Abailard et d'Héloïse (Nouvelle édition entièrement refondue) / par M. et Mme Guizot ; traduites sur les manuscrits de la Bibliothèque royale par M. Oddoul,...

Comprend : Lettres d'Abailard et d'Héloïse / traduites sur les manuscrits de la Bibliothèque royale par M. Oddoul

William Hogan

Bill Hogan was a student at Brock for two years. Among other things, he was editor in Chief of the Badger, now called The Press, and was involved in all things journalistic. His wife Pauline Hogan graduated from Brock in 1970 as well and both live and work in St Catharines. He is an antique dealer and she is a Theologian and has just earned her doctorate.

William Hogan

Bill Hogan was a student at Brock for two years. Among other things he was editor in Chief of the Badger, now "The Press", and was involved in all things journalistic. His wife Pauline Hogan graduated from Brock in 1970 as well and both live and work in St Catharines. He is an antique dealer and she is a Theologian and has just earned her doctorate.

Explicit/implicit training of cooperative learning with junior elementary students /

This experimental study examined the effects of cooperative learning and expliciUimpliGit instruction on student achievement and attitudes toward working in cooperative groups. Specifically, fourth- and fifth-grade students (n=48) were randomly assigned to two conditions: cooperative learning with explicit instruction and cooperative learning with implicit instruction. All participants were given initial training either explicitly or implicitly in cooperative learning procedures via 10 one-hour sessions. Following the instruction period, all students participated in completing a group project related to a famous artists unit. It was hypothesized that the explicit instruction training would enhance students' scores on the famous artists test and the group projects, as well as improve students' attitudes toward cooperative learning. Although the explicit training group did not achieve significantly higher scores on the famous artists test, significant differences were found in group project results between the explicit and implicit groups. The explicit group also exhibited more favourable and positive attitudes toward cooperative learning. The findings of this study demonstrate that combining cooperative learning with explicit instruction is an effective classroom strategy and a useful practice for presenting and learning new information, as well as working in groups with success.

Muscle strength and activation characteristics of power- trained and non-athlete boys and men

During maturation, muscle strength is enhanced through muscle growth, although neuro-muscular factors are also believed to be involved. In adults, training for power sports has been shown to enhance muscle strength and activation. The purpose of this study was to examine muscle strength and activation in power-trained athletes (POW) compared with non-athletes (CON), in boys and in adults. After familiarization subjects performed ten 5-s explosive maximal voluntary contractions for elbow and knee flexion and extension. The adults were stronger then the boys and the adult POW were stronger then the adult CON, even after correction for muscle size. Normalized rate of torque development was higher in the adults then in the boys and higher in the POW then CON boys. The rate of muscle activation was higher in the adults and POW groups. The results suggest that maturation and power-training have an additive effect on muscle activation.

Educational Leadership: Exploring the Influence of Managed and Living Systems in Educational Leadership Discourse

A conceptual analysis of educational leadership explored the influence of managed and living systems on 21st century leadership discourse. Drawing on a detailed understanding of managed and living systems theory compiled from the work of Capra (2002), Morgan (1997), Mitchell and Sackney (2009), and Wheatley (2007), this study draws attention to the managed systems systemic concepts of efficiency, control, and standardization, and the living systems concepts of collaboration, shared meaning, change, and interconnection as markers of systems theory that find resonance within leadership literature. Using these systemic concepts as a framework, this study provides important insights into the espousal of managed and living systems concepts within the leadership discourse.

Photograph - Robert Stanfield and Sean O'Sullivan, 1972

A photograph of Robert Stanfield with Sean O'Sullivan in his office, House of Commons, June 1972.

Do Neuro-Muscular Adaptations Occur in Endurance-Trained Boys and Men?

Most research on the effects of endurance training has focused on endurance training's health-related benefits and metabolic effects in both children and adults. The purpose of this study was to examine the neuromuscular effects of endurance training and to investigate whether they differ in children (9.0-12.9 years) and adults (18.4-35.6 years). Maximal isometric torque, rate of torque development (RTD), rate of muscle activation (Q30), electromechanical delay (EMD), and time to peak torque and peak RTD were determined by isokinetic dynamometry and surface electromyography (EMG) in elbow and knee flexion and extension. The subjects were 12 endurance-trained and 16 untrained boys, and 15 endurance-trained and 20 untrained men. The adults displayed consistently higher peak torque, RTD, and Q30, in both absolute and normalized values, whereas the boys had longer EMD (64.7+/-17.1 vs. 56.6+/-15.4 ms) and time to peak RTD (98.5+/-32.1 vs. 80.4+/-15.0 ms for boys and men, respectively). Q30, normalized for peak EMG amplitude, was the only observed training effect (1.95+/-1.16 vs. 1.10+/-0.67 ms for trained and untrained men, respectively). This effect could not be shown in the boys. The findings show normalized muscle strength and rate of activation to be lower in children compared with adults, regardless of training status. Because the observed higher Q30 values were not matched by corresponding higher performance measures in the trained men, the functional and discriminatory significance of Q30 remains unclear. Endurance training does not appear to affect muscle strength or rate of force development in either men or boys.