Simón Rodríguez: un pensamiento americano (Dossier: Bicentenario, rastros y revelaciones de la Independencia)

El autor sostiene que Simón Rodríguez se propuso crear un pensamiento americano, que conociera y llegara a resolver los problemas de la región. Estos últimos tenían que ver con la vida social, las instituciones, las conductas e ideas, las perspectivas del pasado y del futuro. Era importante crear una conciencia del “ser social” en América por medio de la Razón, y no basarse en proyectos civilizatorios inspirados en ideas importadas y en la política del exterminio, como los de Andrés Bello y Faustino Sarmiento. Guzmán enfatiza que Rodríguez fue defensor de la república, inspirado en la Revolución francesa y en las utopías sociales europeas, que sus ideas pedagógicas planteaban una instrucción social general, basada en la Razón que proviene del estudio de las cosas, y en una valoración por el trabajo útil. El autor resalta dos nociones de Rodríguez: que sin luces, no habría proyectos propios y los políticos estarían condenados a imitar, y que la realidad podía cambiarse con la unión, el desarrollo de las industrias y el derecho de propiedad, junto a la enseñanza de oficios útiles.

Ballet

The video Ballet engages with recent histories of rural filmmaking, linking everyday farming movements with the aesthetics of dance. Starting point for this new work is a series of archival films from the collection of the Museum of English Rural Life (MERL), which provide warnings of contagion and nuclear catastrophe, describing procedure and instruction in the case of emergency. These films present a unique vision of rural labour and collective staged action, where extras, rural background actors, are performing 'normality' prior to potential disruption of an imminent crisis. Szuper Gallery's video deconstructs the movements of extras in these rural propaganda films. It features a large cast of dancers and non-dancers in a spectacular rural setting performing a new choreography to a dramatic sound score.

Ballet

This solo exhibition featured Ballet, a filmed performance and video installation by Szuper Gallery and an installation of original archive films. Ballet engages with recent histories of rural filmmaking, with movement and dance, linking everyday farming movements with the aesthetics of dance. The starting point for this new work was a series of archival films from the MERL collection, which were made for British farmers as a means both for information and for propaganda, to provide warnings of contagion and nuclear catastrophe, describing procedure and instruction in the case of emergency. Gestural performances and movements of background actors observed in those films were re-scripted into a new choreography of movement for camera to form a playful assemblage.

Problem-based learning approaches in meteorology

Problem-Based Learning, despite recent controversies about its effectiveness, is used extensively as a teaching method throughout higher education. In meteorology, there has been little attempt to incorporate Problem-Based Learning techniques into the curriculum. Motivated by a desire to enhance the reflective engagement of students within a current field course module, this project describes the implementation of two test Problem-Based Learning activities and testing and improvement using several different and complementary means of evaluation. By the end of a 2-year program of design, implementation, testing, and reflection and re-evaluation, two robust, engaging activities have been developed that provide an enhanced and diverse learning environment in the field course. The results suggest that Problem-Based Learning techniques would be a useful addition to the meteorology curriculum and suggestions for courses and activities that may benefit from this approach are included in the conclusions.

Las actividades comunicativas en los materiales didácticos

The ability to communicate orally in a foreign language is fundamental and highly evaluated by both students and teachers. Therefore it is important that educational materials can provide communicative activities that improve this ability. A study of educational materials for young French learners revealed that the activities aimed to practice oral communication in fact were not really communicative. This investigation analyzes three educational materials for beginners in Spanish. The purpose is to see which kinds of activities the materials can offer for practice of oral and interactive communication, to compare them with educational theories and the Swedish curriculum and to detect similarities with the former study. The results show that the majority of the activities used in the materials, are not really communicative, they are mostly based on prepared phrases and there are few possibilities for creativity.

Undersökande arbetssätt i NO-undervisningen i grundskolans tidigare årskurser

This thesis deals with the use of inquiry-based approaches in primary school science. The aim is to investigate the goals and purposes that are constituted by the curriculum and by the teachers in interviews and through their teaching in the classroom. The results are used to develop conceptual tools that can be used by teachers’ in their work to support students’ learning of science when using an inquiry-based approach. The thesis is comprised of four papers. In paper one a comparative analysis is made of five Swedish national curricula for compulsory school regarding what students should learn about scientific inquiry. In paper two 20 teachers were interviewed about their own teaching using inquiry. Classroom interactions were filmed and analyzed in papers three and four, which examine how primary teachers use the various activities and purposes of the inquiry classroom to support learning progressions in science. The results of paper one show how the emphasis within and between the two goals of learning to carry out investigations and learning about the nature of science shifted and changed over time in the different curricula. Paper two describes the selective traditions and qualities that were emphasized in the teachers’ accounts of their own teaching. The results of papers three and four show how students need to be involved in the proximate and ultimate purposes of the teaching activities for progression to happen. The ultimate purposes are the scientific purposes for the lesson (as given by the teacher or by the curriculum), whereas the proximate purposes are the more student-centered purposes that through different activities should allow the students to relate their own experiences and language to the ultimate purpose. The results show the importance of proximate purposes working as ends-in-viewin the sense of John Dewey, meaning that the students see the goal of the activity and that they are able to relate to their experiences and familiar language.

What Culture? : Cultural representations in English as a foreign language textbooks

Teaching the cultural aspect of foreign language education is a complex and sometimes difficult task, especially since English has become an international language used in different settings and contexts throughout the world. Building on the idea that the spread of the English language and its international status in the world has made English an important school subject to develop students’ cross-cultural and intercultural awareness, this paper has studied what research reveals about the influence this has had on cultural representations in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) textbooks. Findings from a systematic literature review that analyzed four different international studies on the topic are presented. The study showed that EFL textbooks often present stereotypical and overgeneralized representations of culture and that the cultural aspect of EFL education is not adequately addressed since focus tends to lean towards language proficiency. Results also indicated that though steps are made to include cultural representations from different international contexts, the target culture of countries where English is the first language remains dominant in EFL textbooks. The findings are discussed in correlation with the Swedish national curriculum and syllabus.

Impacts of Graduate Student Enrollment Increases

As graduate schools seek to increase enrollment, faculty and staff must consider the impacts of enrollment increases on program curricula, faculty workloads, and course delivery methods. This brief examines how other institutions prepare for and implement increases in graduate enrollment. More specifically, the report reviews how graduate enrollment goals and rates impact faculty workloads, program curriculum and course delivery methods.

Gestão pública compartilhada: o caso do programa de melhoria do ensino de ciências e matemática - Pró-ciências

This paper is a follow up of the study of the evolution of the public policies for education, especially in the areas of improvement in the science and mathematics program, whose main purpose is to qualify teachers is these disciplines. The evaluation of strategies adopted by the Department of education for the implementation and development of the program in the states, which, on a decentralized bases and through its administrative structure is responsible for contracting higher Education Institutions in charge of preparatory courses. It discusses the enforcement of such a strategy and analyses the combined efforts between the federal sphere, represented by the coordination of preparatory courses for Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) and the Departments of Education, Science and Technology of the states, Research Spowsoring Foundations and the Federal Universities, breaking with some governmental traditions. It analyses the greater degree of interaction between the curriculum for public schools and the developments achieved in the many fields of knowledge. It is based on parameters in the proposals disposed by the law of the methods and fundamentals education, methods of curriculum, and national teaching standards, as well as studies carried out in the states that demand the biggest quantity of qualifying projects, trough analyses that are focused on the problems regarding science teaching in the Brazil and the format adopted in the implementation of the program.

O ensino superior de ciências contábeis nos estados de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul: estudo de casos

O propósito deste estudo foi verificar as características de 4 (quatro) cursos de ensino superior de CiênciasContábeis localizados nos estados de Mato Grosso e Mato Grosso do Sul, abordando os corpos docente e discente, comparando os resultados com aqueles obtidos por Favero (1987) no estado do Paraná. Diante dos baixos níveis de satisfação com a infraestrutura dos cursos, com o currículo e desenvolvimento do currículo e com o corpo docente, os achados desta pesquisa indicam a necessidade de uma reestruturação currIcular em todos os Cursos e uma reciclagem do corpo docente, buscando aprimorar o ensino das Ciências Contábeis naqueles estados.

Configuração da área de estudos no currículo do ensino de 1. grau

Este estudo focaliza o modelo de currículo adotado para o ensino de 1º Grau, pela Lei 5.692/71, com destaque à configuração das áreas de estudo, componentes curriculares das séries finais. Tem por objetivo esclarecer a necessidade de revisão do conceito de áreas de estudo, visto que pela análise efetuada o mesmo parece ter sido usado inadequadamente. Procurou-se, a partir da análise das técnicas de elaboração de currículos abordadas na literatura consultada, evidenciar a falha do modelo de currículo para o ensino de 1º Grau. Concluiu-se que, em decorrência da inadequação do conceito, o currículo apresenta falhas em sua composição, visto que há justaposição dos enfoques empregados para justificar a organização das matérias no currículo e a organização das experiências de aprendizagem. O problema da conceituação imprecisa pode ter implicações negativas para a organização do ensino das áreas de estudo e comprometer os objetivos educacionais. A autora propõe a realização de uma pesquisa junto aos professores em serviço para investigação de como está sendo interpretado o conceito de áreas de estudo.

Inserção dos hospitais universitários às políticas do SUS : o caso do Hospital Universitário Gafée e Guinle

A crise por que passam os Hospitais Universitários – HU’s, incluindo o Hospital Universitário Gaffrée e Guinle, atualmente, deve ser analisada e entendida como decorrente da crise institucional por que passa o aparelho formador na área de saúde, da crise de financiamento e da estrutura de gastos do sistema de saúde e de condução das políticas públicas. No entanto, é possível estabelecer novas bases de parceria dos HU’s com os gestores do Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS, para construção dos instrumentos necessários tanto para a efetivação da hierarquização e regionalização dos serviços, como para novas diretrizes curriculares, contribuindo, assim, na superação de alguns fatores determinantes da crise. A lógica organizacional da inserção no Sistema Único de Saúde, força os HU’s a adaptarem-se ao atendimento da demanda espontânea e à necessidade de faturamento na tabela do SUS, com conseqüentes distorções no atendimento, desperdícios e pouca resolutividade do sistema, levando a um descompasso entre demanda, oferta, modelo assistencial, currículo e pesquisa.

A Relação professor-aluno e a afirmação do discente como sujeito do processo projetual: um estudo exploratório sobre a produção do trabalho final de graduação em arquitetura e urbanismo na UFC e na UFRN

This work deals with teacher-student relationship (TSR), held in a very special moment: the semester of graduation of architecture and urbanism, where students prepare the final work called Graduation Final Work (GFW). That is the last stage to obtain the title of architect and urban planner in Brazil. The text discusses this problem in several ways, emphasing the relationship between graduated student and his/her mentors into the consolidation process of the student as an actor of the planning process, here defined as "autonomy". The work is focused on understanding the TSR in order to elucidate its importance for improvement of teaching bases on development of the GFW, more than the relation between curriculum and institution. Related with the exploratory characteristic of this master thesis, methodologically, the field work happened through: (i) observation of mentorship guidance, (ii) interviews, and (iii) application of questionnaires to teachers and students. Participated 10 pairs of student and mentors of two federal university of Northeast: 05 pairs of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC) and 05 pairs of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN). The results presented the development of the GFW as a difficult process / fearful for students, highlighting the main problem situations: the difficulty in choosing the theme, the super-sizing of the process, students' insecurities, and parental relationship with the supervisor process. Summing up, the work indicates that the students has a limited autonomy on the GFW process, which calls for a revision in order to promote the consolidation of the student autonomy, which must be observed for some positions recognition of the role of each actor in the process of orientation

Entre ecos e narcisos: estudo de caso sobre a prática teatral com adolescentes como atividade extracurricular numa escola de nível médio

This masters thesis discusses the studying and the teaching of drama and its implications among teenagers of the contemporary world. This paper also analyses an extracurricular project entitled Drama in the development of citizenship , which was carried out in the public state school Berilo Wanderley in Natal/RN, between 1999 and 2005 with high school students. It comprises a case study that aimed at understanding how and why they chose to take drama classes outside of the school curriculum and even after they graduated, some of them never left the school project and even started participating in the cultural and artistic context of the city of Natal quite actively, both as part of an audience as well as on artistic, political, social and pedagogical performance. The project was high significant for its participants, for the school and for the community, by creating a sense of recognition of the relevance of the pedagogical and artistic production in the public school, as it managed to yield knowledge that helped students to understand the values of group work, sharing information, collaborative assessment and, most of all, to engender actions of protagonism by the teenagers themselves within their social environments. The empirical process developed is placed in a contemporary historical context where educational paradigms shifts occur, and where categories of youth empowerment and protagonism are fundamental to the educational process in the 21st century. The objective of this study is to reflect upon the pedagogical dimension of drama classes for teenagers, aiming at providing further discussions on the role of acting classes in the construction of the personality among youngsters, thus hoping to contribute to other teaching practices, including drama and other subjects of general education