Ultrastructural data on the life cycle of the parasite, Perkinsus atlanticus (Apicomplexa), on the clam, Ruditapes phillipinarum, in the Mediterranean

An Apicomplexan Perkinsus species has been found parasitizing the clam Ruditapes philippinarum (= Tapes semidecussatus) collected on the Mediterranean coast in the region of the Ebro Delta (Tarragona, Spain). Light and transmission electron microscopy were used to study different stages of this parasite during zoosporulation induced by incubation in thioglycollate medium and seawater. During incubation the trophozoites began zoosporulation, which originated prezoosporangia and zoosporangia at different developmental stages. Successive cytokinesis and nucleokinesis gave rise to prezoospores, which became elongate and differentiated in biflagellated zoospores. The latter presented large mitochondria and an apical complex formed by a conoid, polar ring, micronemes, rhophtries and subpellicular microtubules. The zoosporangium wall showed some typical lamosomes and a discharge tube developed in early phases of incubation. Ultrastructural data were compared with the only four species of the genus Perkinsus previously described. The morphological data, the host and the geographic proximity suggest that the species located on the Mediterranean coast was Perkinsus atlanticus.

Activation of Srk1 by the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Sty1/Spc1 Precedes Its Dissociation from the Kinase and Signals Its Degradation

Control of cell cycle progression by stress-activated protein kinases (SAPKs) is essential for cell adaptation to extracellular stimuli. The Schizosaccharomyces pombe SAPK Sty1/Spc1 orchestrates general changes in gene expression in response to diverse forms of cytotoxic stress. Here we show that Sty1/Spc1 is bound to its target, the Srk1 kinase, when the signaling pathway is inactive. In response to stress, Sty1/Spc1 phosphorylates Srk1 at threonine 463 of the regulatory domain, inducing both activation of Srk1 kinase, which negatively regulates cell cycle progression by inhibiting Cdc25, and dissociation of Srk1 from the SAPK, which leads to Srk1 degradation by the proteasome.

Atributos físicos de um planossolo háplico sob sistemas de manejo comparados aos do campo nativo

Sistemas de manejo podem influenciar as condições físico-hídricas do solo e a produtividade das culturas. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os atributos físicos de um Planossolo Háplico sob diferentes sistemas de manejo e compará-los com os encontrados no campo nativo. A densidade, a condutividade hidráulica de solo saturado, a porosidade e a agregação foram avaliadas nas camadas de 0,000-0,025; 0,025-0,075; 0,075-0,125; 0,125-0,175; 0,175-0,275 m. O sistema plantio direto e o preparo convencional apresentaram condições físico-hídricas similares, enquanto o solo sob campo nativo proporcionou condições adequadas ao crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas por apresentar maior condutividade hidráulica, macroporosidade, porosidade total e agregação, e menor densidade do solo. Sugerem-se valores críticos para as plantas, respectivamente de densidade, de condutividade hidráulica saturada, de diâmetro médio ponderado de agregados de 1,56 Mg m-3; 16,18 mm h-1 e 2,49 mm.

Análisis litosísmico y estructura sedimentaria de la plataforma interna al Norte del delta del Ebro (sector de Vandellós)

El análisis sísmico de perfiles de alta resolución del tipo ((uniboom)), realizados en la plataforma interna al N del Delta del Ebro, permite definir las unidades sísmicas y establecer la estructura sedimentaria del Ambos aspectos reflejan la influencia diferencial de los procesos recubrimiento cuaternario medio/superior. Ambos aspectos reflejan la influencia diferencial de los procesos dinámicos y de las oscilaciones eustáticas.

Los sedimentos de la plataforma continental balear

El análisis sedimentológico de distintos sectores de la plataforma continental balear (Bahia de Campos, Sur de Menorca y Canal de Menorca) ha puesto de manifiesto la existencia de siete grupos de facies: A) algales, B) de bivalvos, C) de gasterpodos, D) bioclsticas, E) mixtas, F) de fragmentos liticos y G) cementadas (costras algales y calcarenitas). La distribución de estas facies sedimentarias guarda una estrecha relación con la profundidad, excepto en el Sur de Menorca, y con las comunidades bentónicas que se desarrollan en la plataforma continental. Las facies que recubren actualmente la plataforma balear se depositaron durante la fase del ascenso del nivel del mar de la transgresión Versiliense.

Diet and the risk of head and neck cancer: a pooled analysis in the INHANCE consortium.

We investigated the association between diet and head and neck cancer (HNC) risk using data from the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology (INHANCE) consortium. The INHANCE pooled data included 22 case-control studies with 14,520 cases and 22,737 controls. Center-specific quartiles among the controls were used for food groups, and frequencies per week were used for single food items. A dietary pattern score combining high fruit and vegetable intake and low red meat intake was created. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the dietary items on the risk of HNC were estimated with a two-stage random-effects logistic regression model. An inverse association was observed for higher-frequency intake of fruit (4th vs. 1st quartile OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.43-0.62, p (trend) < 0.01) and vegetables (OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.49-0.90, p (trend) = 0.01). Intake of red meat (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.13-1.74, p p (trend) < 0.01) was positively associated with HNC risk. Higher dietary pattern scores, reflecting high fruit/vegetable and low red meat intake, were associated with reduced HNC risk (per score increment OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.84-0.97).

«Une linguistique énergétique en Russie à la fin du XIXe-début du XXe siècle»

RÉSUMÉ : L'article a pour but d'expliquer la théorie linguistique de D. N. Ovsjaniko ­Kulikovskij (Russie, 1853-1920) et de proposer une nouvelle vision de la conception de ce linguiste souvent présenté comme un simple élève de A. A. Potebnja (1835-1891). L'article veut montrer comment Ovsjaniko­ Kulikovskij réalise son projet de créer une « linguistique scientifique » par opposition à la « philologie ». Il permet de suivre la manière dont s'est développé l'emprunt à la physique des notions d'« écono­mie d'énergie » et de celle du « moindre effort » pour la psychologie et ensuite, la linguistique, notions qui étaient promises à un grand avenir dans la linguistique du XXe siècle.