M��sica do Norte: intelectuais, artistas populares, tradi����o e modernidade na forma����o da ���MPB��� no Par�� (anos 1960 e 1970)

A presente disserta����o trata da atua����o de intelectuais (poetas, jornalistas, militantes, estudantes, folcloristas, antrop��logos) e artistas populares na forma����o da chamada ���MPB���, M��sica Popular Brasileira, no Par��. Entre meados da d��cada de 1960 e de 1970, setores intelectualizados da classe m��dia paraense iniciaram uma grande mobiliza����o no sentido de atualizarem a m��sica popular produzida em Bel��m aos debates pol��ticos e est��ticos que a MPB realizava no restante do pa��s. Festivais foram realizados, grupos de poesia e m��sica surgiram, atua����es pol��ticas se misturavam com posturas boemias e grande atividade art��stica. A nova intelectualidade buscava ao mesmo tempo fazer uma m��sica moderna, mas pautada em elementos da cultura popular paraense ou amaz��nida. Em meio a novos artistas advindos destes setores da sociedade uma revis��o da mem��ria da m��sica popular se fazia e antigos nomes eram incorporados a uma tradi����o. Concomitantemente a isso, o carimb��, que at�� ent��o estava restrito ��s cidades e comunidades interioranas, surge em Bel��m como uma explos��o musical e torna-se m��sica consumida pelas r��dios, TVs e ind��stria do disco. A urbaniza����o deste g��nero do folclore regional leva a um amplo debate sobre autenticidade, mercado e identidade cultural da regi��o amaz��nica e do Par�� em particular. Neste processo, artistas de extratos populares entram em cena dando sua contribui����o �� m��sica popular do Norte. O amplo debate nos jornais sobre o carimb�� (sua autenticidade ou sua degenera����o frente ao mercado) se soma as atua����es da jovem intelectualidade. Neste complexo contexto de m��ltiplas atua����es surge uma MPB de fei����es regionais.

Markovian versus non-Markovian stochastic quantization of a complex-action model

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Preval��ncia e fatores de risco para brucelose su��na em Mossoró-RN

Funda����o de Amparo �� Pesquisa do Estado de S��o Paulo (FAPESP)

Mem��ria organizacional, mem��ria corporativa e mem��ria institucional: discuss��es conceituais e terminol��gicas

The proposal of present paper is to present a conceptual and terminological discussion relative to the terms: organizational memory, corporate memory and institutional memory that is a subject still little studied and explored in the academic area. The study is theoretical focus and the research kind is bibliographical. As research sources were utilized: books, digital libraries of theses and dissertations in the scope of the country and CAPES Journals Portal. This study is in course and is part of doctorate research "Organizational memory and the knowledge bases constitution". As the partial results, observes that the question about "memory" is studied by different areas of knowledge: Psychology, Neurosciences, History and others; the concepts about organizational memory and corporate memory are studied by Administration and Information Systems areas; the concept of institutional memory is more studied by Business Communication area focusing the company history. Beyond that, observes the use of another term, social memory, utilized by Information Science and History areas.

Longitudinal effects of physical activity on self-efficacy and cognitive processing of active and sedentary elderly women

Previous studies support that regular physical activity in aging contributes as a protective factor against cognitive decline and improves mood states. However, there is a lack of longitudinal studies in this area. Objective: To observe possible changes in cognition related with physical activity. METHODS: This study reassessed, after one-year period, 31 elderly women divided into two groups, sedentary versus active, using behavioral scales and cognitive tests. RESULTS: The active group exhibited significantly enhanced performance in general cognitive function, particularly on tasks of episodic memory and praxis, and also on the mood states scale compared to the sedentary group. The active women also reported higher self-efficacy. CONCLUSION: Long-term physical activity promoted improvement on quality of life in the elderly women.

Characterization of red wines from South America based on sensory properties and antioxidant activity

BACKGROUND: It is widely accepted that red wines constitute one of the most important sources of dietary polyphenolic antioxidants. However, it is still not known how some variables such as variety, vintage, country of origin, and retail price are associated with the antioxidant activity and sensory profile of South American red wines. In this regard, 80 samples produced in Brazil, Chile and Argentina were assessed in relation to their sensory properties, color and in vitro antioxidant activity, and results were subjected to multivariate statistical techniques. RESULTS: Samples were grouped in clusters, characterized by high, intermediate and low in vitro antioxidant activity, sensory properties and prices. It was possible to observe that wines with high antioxidant activity were associated to high retail prices and overall perception of sensory quality. CONCLUSION: South American wines produced from Vitis vinifera such as Syrah, Malbec and Cabernet Sauvignon had higher in vitro antioxidant activity and also higher sensory quality than wines produced from Vitis labrusca. This result was independent of vintage (2002-2010), corroborating the idea that the same grape varietal, even when produced in different years, displays similar sensory characteristics and antioxidant activity. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry

Sex Differences in Memory and Other Cognitive Abilities

The aim of the present thesis was to study sex differences in memory and other cognitive bilities in healthy adults. In Study I, participants performed a number of episodic memory tasks that were more or less verbal in nature. Results showed that women performed on a higher level than did men in the episodic memory tasks where it was possible to use verbal labels, whereas men performed on a higher level than did women in a visuospatial episodic memory task. In Study II, women���s advantage in face recognition was investigated.Results showed that women performed at a higher level than did men only in the recognition of other women���s faces. In Study III, sex differences in cognitive tasks as well as brain measures were investigated in healthy older adults. Results showed that only the sex differences in a motor task could, to some extent, be explained by sex differences in one of the brain measures. The findings, as well as possible explanations for these patterns of results, are discussed in a theoretical context.

Design of optical networks for advanced applications

Nowadays, computing is migrating from traditional high performance and distributed computing to pervasive and utility computing based on heterogeneous networks and clients. The current trend suggests that future IT services will rely on distributed resources and on fast communication of heterogeneous contents. The success of this new range of services is directly linked to the effectiveness of the infrastructure in delivering them. The communication infrastructure will be the aggregation of different technologies even though the current trend suggests the emergence of single IP based transport service. Optical networking is a key technology to answer the increasing requests for dynamic bandwidth allocation and configure multiple topologies over the same physical layer infrastructure, optical networks today are still ���far��� from accessible from directly configure and offer network services and need to be enriched with more ���user oriented��� functionalities. However, current Control Plane architectures only facilitate efficient end-to-end connectivity provisioning and certainly cannot meet future network service requirements, e.g. the coordinated control of resources. The overall objective of this work is to provide the network with the improved usability and accessibility of the services provided by the Optical Network. More precisely, the definition of a service-oriented architecture is the enable technology to allow user applications to gain benefit of advanced services over an underlying dynamic optical layer. The definition of a service oriented networking architecture based on advanced optical network technologies facilitates users and applications access to abstracted levels of information regarding offered advanced network services. This thesis faces the problem to define a Service Oriented Architecture and its relevant building blocks, protocols and languages. In particular, this work has been focused on the use of the SIP protocol as a inter-layers signalling protocol which defines the Session Plane in conjunction with the Network Resource Description language. On the other hand, an advantage optical network must accommodate high data bandwidth with different granularities. Currently, two main technologies are emerging promoting the development of the future optical transport network, Optical Burst and Packet Switching. Both technologies respectively promise to provide all optical burst or packet switching instead of the current circuit switching. However, the electronic domain is still present in the scheduler forwarding and routing decision. Because of the high optics transmission frequency the burst or packet scheduler faces a difficult challenge, consequentially, high performance and time focused design of both memory and forwarding logic is need. This open issue has been faced in this thesis proposing an high efficiently implementation of burst and packet scheduler. The main novelty of the proposed implementation is that the scheduling problem has turned into simple calculation of a min/max function and the function complexity is almost independent of on the traffic conditions.

Nuovo modello animale per lo studio della working memory: validazione farmacologica e applicazioni

The present study was performed to validate a spatial working memory task using pharmacological manipulations. The water escape T-maze, which combines the advantages of the Morris water maze and the T-maze while minimizes the disadvantages, was used. Scopolamine, a drug that affects cognitive function in spatial working memory tasks, significantly decreased the rat performance in the present delayed alternation task. Since glutamate neurotransmission plays an important role in the maintaining of working memory, we evaluated the effect of ionotropic and metabotropic glutamatergic receptors antagonists, administered alone or in combination, on rat behaviour. As the acquisition and performance of memory tasks has been linked to the expression of the immediately early gene cFos, a marker of neuronal activation, we also investigated the neurochemical correlates of the water escape T-maze after pharmacological treatment with glutamatergic antagonists, in various brain areas. Moreover, we focused our attention on the involvement of perirhinal cortex glutamatergic neurotransmission in the acquisition and/or consolidation of this particular task. The perirhinal cortex has strong and reciprocal connections with both specific cortical sensory areas and some memory-related structures, including the hippocampal formation and amygdala. For its peculiar position, perirhinal cortex has been recently regarded as a key region in working memory processes, in particular in providing temporary maintenance of information. The effect of perirhinal cortex lesions with ibotenic acid on the acquisition and consolidation of the water escape T-maze task was evaluated. In conclusion, our data suggest that the water escape T-maze could be considered a valid, simple and quite fast method to assess spatial working memory, sensible to pharmacological manipulations. Following execution of the task, we observed cFos expression in several brain regions. Furthermore, in accordance to literature, our results suggest that glutamatergic neurotransmission plays an important role in the acquisition and consolidation of working memory processes.

La ville comme labyrinthe: r����critures d'un mythe entre les ann��es 1950 et 1980

Entre les ann��es 1950 et 1980, ��merge une nouvelle forme de labyrinthe chez des romanciers europ��ens comme Michel Butor, Alain Robbe-Grillet, Italo Calvino, Patrick Modiano et Alasdair Gray : un labyrinthe insaisissable et non cartographiable. Pour en rendre compte nous avons recours au mod��le du rhizome, issu de la philosophie de Gilles Deleuze et de F��lix Guattari, aussi bien qu'au concept d'h��t��rotopie de Michel Foucault. La spatialit�� de nos romans nous pousse �� prendre en compte ��galement les r����critures ironiques du mythe de Th��s��e, Ariane, le Minotaure, D��dale. Les citations et les allusions au mythe nous font remarquer la distance d'avec le mod��le traditionnel et les effets de ce qu'on peut consid��rer comme un �� bricolage mythique ��, dans le cadre d'un regard ironique, parodique ou satirique. La repr��sentation romanesque du labyrinthe accentue d'un c��t�� l'absence d'un centre, et de l'autre c��t�� l'ouverture extr��me de cet espace qu'est la ville contemporaine. En m��me temps, la pr��sence de nombreux �� espaces autres ��, les h��t��rotopies de Foucault, d��finit l'��garement des protagonistes des romans. Au fur et �� mesure que les ��crivains acqui��rent conscience des caract��ristiques �� labyrinthiques �� de ces espaces, celles-ci commencent �� informer l'��uvre romanesque, cr��ant ainsi un espace m��tafictionnel. Entre les ann��es Cinquante et le d��but des ann��es Soixante-dix, les Nouveaux romanciers fran��ais accentuent ainsi l'id��e de pouvoir jouer avec les instruments de la fiction, pour exasp��rer l'absence d'un sens dans la ville comme dans la pratique de l'��criture. Calvino reformule cette conception du roman, remarquant l'importance d'un sens, m��me s'il est cach�� et difficile �� saisir. Pour cette raison, �� la fin de l'��poque que nous analysons, des auteurs comme Modiano et Gray absorbent les techniques d'��criture de ces pr��d��cesseurs, en les faisant jouer avec la responsabilit�� ��thique de l'auteur.

Dynamics of epithelial monolayers assessed by acoustic and impedimetric whole cell biosensors

Mit der Zielsetzung der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die detailierten Analyse von Migrationsdynamiken epithelilaler Monolayer anhand zweier neuartiger in vitro Biosensoren verfolgt, der elektrischen Zell-Substrat Impedanz Spektroskopie (electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing, ECIS) sowie der Quarz Kristall Mikrowaage (quartz crystal microbalance, QCM). Beide Methoden erwiesen sich als sensitiv gegen��ber der Zellmotilit��t und der Nanozytotoxizit��t.rnInnerhalb des ersten Projektes wurde ein Fingerprinting von Krebszellen anhand ihrer Motilit��tsdynamiken und der daraus generierten elektrischen oder akkustischen Fluktuationen auf ECIS oder QCM Basis vorgenommen; diese Echtzeitsensoren wurdene mit Hilfe klassicher in vitro Boyden-Kammer Migrations- und Invasions-assays validiert. Fluktuationssignaturen, also Langzeitkorrelationen oder fraktale Selbst��hnlichkeit aufgrund der kollektiven Zellbewegung, wurden ��ber Varianz-, Fourier- sowie trendbereinigende Fluktuationsanalyse quantifiziert. Stochastische Langzeitged��chtnisph��nomene erwiesen sich als ma��gebliche Beitr��ge zur Antwort adh��renter Zellen auf den QCM und ECIS-Sensoren. Des weiteren wurde der Einfluss niedermolekularer Toxine auf die Zytoslelettdynamiken verfolgt: die Auswirkungen von Cytochalasin D, Phalloidin und Blebbistatin sowie Taxol, Nocodazol und Colchicin wurden dabei ��ber die QCM und ECIS Fluktuationsanalyse erfasst.rnIn einem zweiten Projektschwerpunkt wurden Adh��sionsprozesse sowie Zell-Zell und Zell-Substrat Degradationsprozesse bei Nanopartikelgabe charackterisiert, um ein Ma�� f��r Nanozytotoxizit��t in Abhangigkeit der Form, Funktionalisierung Stabilit��t oder Ladung der Partikel zu erhalten.rnAls Schlussfolgerung ist zu nennen, dass die neuartigen Echtzeit-Biosensoren QCM und ECIS eine hohe Zellspezifit��t besitzen, auf Zytoskelettdynamiken reagieren sowie als sensitive Detektoren f��r die Zellvitalit��t fungieren k��nnen.

Il museo Wilhelm Lehmbruck: paradigma della nuova modernit�� nella Germania del secondo dopoguerra

Oggetto della ricerca �� il museo Wilhelm Lehmbruck di Duisburg, un'opera dell'architetto Manfred Lehmbruck, progettata e realizzata tra il 1957 e il 1964. Questa architettura, che ospita la produzione artistica del noto scultore Wilhelm Lehmbruck, padre di Manfred, �� tra i primi musei edificati ex novo nella Repubblica Federale Tedesca dopo la seconda guerra mondiale. Il mito di Wilhelm Lehmbruck, costruito negli anni per donare una identit�� culturale alla citt�� industriale di Duisburg, si rinvigor�� nel secondo dopoguerra in seno ad una pi�� generale tendenza sorta nella Repubblica di Bonn verso la rivalutazione dell'arte moderna, dichiarata ���degenerata��� dal nazionalsocialismo. Ricollegarsi all'arte e all'architettura moderna degli anni venti era in quel momento funzionale al ridisegno di un volto nuovo e democratico del giovane stato tedesco, che cercava legittimazione proclamandosi erede della mitica e gloriosa Repubblica di Weimar. Dopo anni di dibattiti sulla ricostruzione, l'architettura del neues Bauen sembrava l'unico modo in cui la Repubblica Federale potesse presentarsi al mondo, anche se la realt�� del paese era assai pi�� complessa e svelava il ���doppio volto��� che connot�� questo stato a partire dal 1945. Le numerose dicotomie che popolarono presto la tabula rasa nata dalle ceneri del conflitto (memoria/oblio, tradizione/modernit��, continuit��/discontinuit�� con il recente e infausto passato) trovano espressione nella storia e nella particolare architettura del museo di Duisburg, che pu�� essere quindi interpretato come un'opera paradigmatica per comprendere la nuova identit�� della Repubblica Federale, un'identit�� che la rese capace di risorgere dopo l' ���anno zero���, ricercando nel miracolo economico uno strumento di redenzione da un passato vergognoso, che doveva essere taciuto, dimenticato, lasciato alle spalle.

Shape memory and elastoplastic materials: from constitutive and numerical to fatigue modeling

Shape memory materials (SMMs) represent an important class of smart materials that have the ability to return from a deformed state to their original shape. Thanks to such a property, SMMs are utilized in a wide range of innovative applications. The increasing number of applications and the consequent involvement of industrial players in the field have motivated researchers to formulate constitutive models able to catch the complex behavior of these materials and to develop robust computational tools for design purposes. Such a research field is still under progress, especially in the prediction of shape memory polymer (SMP) behavior and of important effects characterizing shape memory alloy (SMA) applications. Moreover, the frequent use of shape memory and metallic materials in biomedical devices, particularly in cardiovascular stents, implanted in the human body and experiencing millions of in-vivo cycles by the blood pressure, clearly indicates the need for a deeper understanding of fatigue/fracture failure in microsize components. The development of reliable stent designs against fatigue is still an open subject in scientific literature. Motivated by the described framework, the thesis focuses on several research issues involving the advanced constitutive, numerical and fatigue modeling of elastoplastic and shape memory materials. Starting from the constitutive modeling, the thesis proposes to develop refined phenomenological models for reliable SMA and SMP behavior descriptions. Then, concerning the numerical modeling, the thesis proposes to implement the models into numerical software by developing implicit/explicit time-integration algorithms, to guarantee robust computational tools for practical purposes. The described modeling activities are completed by experimental investigations on SMA actuator springs and polyethylene polymers. Finally, regarding the fatigue modeling, the thesis proposes the introduction of a general computational approach for the fatigue-life assessment of a classical stent design, in order to exploit computer-based simulations to prevent failures and modify design, without testing numerous devices.

Language lateralization correlates with verbal memory performance in children with focal epilepsy

PURPOSE: Assessment of language dominance with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and neuropsychological evaluation is often used prior to epilepsy surgery. This study explores whether language lateralization and cognitive performance are systematically related in young patients with focal epilepsy. METHODS: Language fMRI and neuropsychological data (language, visuospatial functions, and memory) of 40 patients (7-18 years of age) with unilateral, refractory focal epilepsy in temporal and/or frontal areas of the left (n = 23) or right hemisphere (n = 17) were analyzed. fMRI data of 18 healthy controls (7-18 years) served as a normative sample. A laterality index was computed to determine the lateralization of activation in three regions of interest (frontal, parietal, and temporal). RESULTS: Atypical language lateralization was demonstrated in 12 (30%) of 40 patients. A correlation between language lateralization and verbal memory performance occurred in patients with left-sided epilepsy over all three regions of interest, with bilateral or right-sided language lateralization being correlated with better verbal memory performance (Word Pairs Recall: frontal r = -0.4, p = 0.016; parietal r = -0.4, p = 0.043; temporal r = -0.4, p = 0.041). Verbal memory performance made the largest contribution to language lateralization, whereas handedness and side of seizures did not contribute to the variance in language lateralization. DISCUSSION: This finding reflects the association between neocortical language and hippocampal memory regions in patients with left-sided epilepsy. Atypical language lateralization is advantageous for verbal memory performance, presumably a result of transfer of verbal memory function. In children with focal epilepsy, verbal memory performance provides a better idea of language lateralization than handedness and side of epilepsy and lesion.

Early loading at 21 days of non-submerged titanium implants with a chemically modified sandblasted and acid-etched surface: 3-year results of a prospective study in the posterior mandible

BACKGROUND: This study evaluates 3-year success rates of titanium screw-type implants with a chemically modified sandblasted and acid-etched surface (mod SLA), which were functionally loaded after 3 weeks of healing. METHODS: A total of 56 implants, inserted in the posterior mandibles of 39 partially edentulous patients, underwent undisturbed healing for 3 weeks. At day 21, the implants were fully loaded with provisional crowns. Definitive metal ceramic restorations were fabricated after 6 months of healing. Clinical measurements regarding soft tissue parameters and radiographs were obtained at different time points up to 36 months after implant placement. The soft tissue and radiographic parameters for the mod SLA implants after 3 years in function were compared to a historic control group of implants with an SLA surface using an early loading protocol after 6 weeks. RESULTS: None of the implants failed to integrate. However, two implants were considered "spinners" at day 21 and were left unloaded for an extended period. Therefore, 96.4% of the inserted implants were loaded according to the protocol tested. All 56 implants, including the "spinners," showed favorable clinical and radiographic findings at the 3-year follow-up examination. All 56 implants were considered successfully integrated, resulting in a 3-year survival and success rate of 100%. Dental implants with a mod SLA surface demonstrated statistically significant differences for probing depths and clinical attachment level values compared to the historic control group, with the mod SLA surface implants having overall lower probing depths and clinical attachment level scores. CONCLUSION: This prospective study using an early loading protocol demonstrates that titanium implants with the mod SLA surface can achieve and maintain successful tissue integration over a period of 3 years.