Coreferentiality: A New Method for the Hypothesis-Based Analysis of Phenotypes Characterized by Multivariate Data

Many multifactorial biologic effects, particularly in the context of complex human diseases, are still poorly understood. At the same time, the systematic acquisition of multivariate data has become increasingly easy. The use of such data to analyze and model complex phenotypes, however, remains a challenge. Here, a new analytic approach is described, termed coreferentiality, together with an appropriate statistical test. Coreferentiality is the indirect relation of two variables of functional interest in respect to whether they parallel each other in their respective relatedness to multivariate reference data, which can be informative for a complex effect or phenotype. It is shown that the power of coreferentiality testing is comparable to multiple regression analysis, sufficient even when reference data are informative only to a relatively small extent of 2.5%, and clearly exceeding the power of simple bivariate correlation testing. Thus, coreferentiality testing uses the increased power of multivariate analysis, however, in order to address a more straightforward interpretable bivariate relatedness. Systematic application of this approach could substantially improve the analysis and modeling of complex phenotypes, particularly in the context of human study where addressing functional hypotheses by direct experimentation is often difficult.

Failure or Voluntary Exit? Reassessing the Female Underperformance Hypothesis

We reevaluate the female underperformance hypothesis by challenging the assumption that female-owned ventures are more likely to fail. Instead of equating exit with failure, we draw on exit literature and feminist theories to argue that female entrepreneurs are actually more likely than males to exit voluntarily. We argue for further gender differences by using an even more fine-grained conceptualization of entrepreneurial exit (failure, exit for personal reasons, and exit for other professional/financial opportunities). Post-hoc analyses also point to withingender heterogeneity depending on family status. A sample probe of 219 Spanish entrepreneurs who had exited their business supports our overall reasoning.

Políticas de salvamento e risco bancário em período de crise

Esta tese analisa, entre 2005 e 2013, o impacto das políticas governamentais de resgate sobre o risco do setor bancário nos países da OCDE. Primeiro, em linha com a hipótese de moral hazard, verifica-se que instituições financeiras com expectativa elevada de bailout, assumem riscos mais elevados do que as demais. Segundo, constata-se que, em períodos normais, garantias de socorro às grandes instituições distorcem a competição no setor e incrementa o risco das demais. Durante a crise, entretanto, mostra-se que elevações na expectativa de resgate dos concorrentes de uma instituição, à medida que representa uma redução em sua chance de eventual socorro governamental, diminuem sua tomada de riscos. Adicionalmente, em período de crise também é evidenciado que: reduções na capacidade financeira dos países estão associadas a menor assunção de riscos; em média, o aumento na tomada de riscos é maior nos países com menor spread de Credit Default Swap.

Legal shifts : shaping expectations of intellectual property protection in an open innovation industrial environment

Projet de recherche réalisé en 2014-2015 avec l'appui du Fonds de recherche du Québec – Société et culture.

Intergenerational Transfer of Family Firm Control: Discount Expectations of Potential Successors

Building on institutional theory and family sociology literature we explore the logics that underlie the formation of transaction price expectations related to the intergenerational transfer of corporate ownership in private family firms. By probing a sample of 3'487 students with family business background from 20 countries we show that next generation family members expect to receive a 56.58% discount in comparison to some nonfamily buyer (i.e. the family discount) when taking over the parent's firm. We also show that the logic underlying the formation of family discount expectations is characterized by parental altruism, filial reciprocity, filial decency and parental inducement. These norms embrace both the family and market logics and accommodate the duties and demands of children and parents in determining a fair transfer price. These findings are important for institutional theory as well as for family business and entrepreneurial exit literatures.

Tri-level study: modification. Task 6: a final report on supplemental causation assessments through hypothesis testing.

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, D.C.

Irritation and counterirritation, a hypothesis about the autoamputative property of the nervous system; a scientific excursion into theoretical medicine.

Mode of access: Internet.

Rayos de la luz practica con que Don Feliz Pacheco Ortiz ... desvanece las sombras con que el Doctor Don Francisco Sanz ... intento obscurecer la Hypothesis de fiebres del Doctor Don Martin Martinez ... y haze resplandecer la particular Hypothesis y debida curacion de la fiebres intermitentes del Doctor Don Luis Enriquez ...

Discurso previo apologetico sobre el constitutivo de la calentura, a favor de ... Martin Martinez y contra ... Francisco Saenz de los Rios ... escrito por ... Francisco Valles de p. 2¶2 a 4¶3.

Why I think so; the autobiography of a hypothesis

"Errata" slip inserted between p. 44 and 45.

The quality of nonmetropolitan living : evaluations, behaviors, and expectations of northen Michigan residents /

Bibliography: p.261-263.

Application of the hypothesis of dissolved ice to the freezing of water and of dilute solutions.

Hudson, C.S., cl. of 1901.

School climate and expectations : a casebook.

Bibliography: p. 2.

An illustration of the hypothesis proposed in the dissertation on the origin and composition of our three first canonical gospels : with a preface, and an appendix, containing miscellaneous matters. The whole being a rejoinder to the anonymous author of the remarks on Michaelis and his commentator.

Mode of access: Internet.

An hypothesis which may help to unfold the mystery of Ezekiel's visions; accounting for the form and number of the four creatures, why different from those in the Apocalypse, why they are seen to issue out of the cloud, the reason why wheels were introduced, why they work as a wheel within a wheel, with many particulars unexplained before.

Mode of access: Internet.

Thoughts on the Scriptural expectations of the Christian church /

Mode of access: Internet.