Ohjaus ja oppilaiden urapohdinta. Turkulaisten peruskoulun päättöluokkalaisten ohjauskokemukset urapohdinnan selittäjinä

Tutkimuksessa selvitetään turkulaisten peruskoulun päättöluokkalaisten urapohdintaeroja ja sitä, miten oppilaiden arviot opettajien ja oppilaanohjaajien toteuttamasta ohjauksesta ovat yhteydessä heidän urapohdintaansa. Tutkimuksen kohdejoukkona ovat ensi sijassa yleisopetusta antavien suomenkielisten peruskoulujen yhdeksäsluokkalaiset. Tutkimus on poikkileikkaustutkimus, jossa tarkastellaan oppilaiden kokemuksia ohjauksen saatavuudesta ja hyödyllisyydestä sekä urapohdinnasta peruskoulun päättyessä. Tutkimusaineisto koottiin yhteishaun jälkeen huhti–toukokuussa 2014. Vuoden 2004 perusopetuksen opetussuunnitelman perusteista johdettujen väittämien avulla selitetään urapohdinta-mittarin sisältämien muuttujien vaihtelua. Taustamuuttujina käytetään oppilaiden koti- ja koulutaustaa. Urapohdinta-mittari on johdettu CIP-teoriasta (Cognitive Information Processing) ja muokattu CTI-mittarista (Career Thoughts Inventory). Tutkimusaineisto (N = 887) on koottu Webropol-kyselyn avulla. Oppilaiden urapohdintaa mitattiin neljän summamuuttujien avulla. Mittariston 48 väittämästä muodostettiin urapohdinta-summamuuttuja. Tämän lisäksi urapohdinnan osa-alueita arvioitiin sitoutuminen-, epävarmuus- ja konflikti-summamuuttujan avulla. Sitoutuminen-summamuuttuja mittasi sitä, miten vaikeaksi oppilas koki yhteen ura- ja jatkokoulutusvalintaan sitoutumisen. Epävarmuus-summamuuttuja mittasi päätöksenteon epävarmuutta ja konflikti-summamuuttuja vaikeutta tasapainoilla omien ajatusten ja toisaalta merkittäviksi koettujen läheisten ajatusten välillä. Kaikkien opettajien ohjaustyön näkökulmasta parhaiten hyvää urapohdintatulosta, jatkokoulutukseen sitoutumista ja päätöksentekovarmuutta ennustivat oppilaan hyvät kokemukset yhteistoiminnasta, hänen myönteinen suhtautumisensa koulunkäyntiin ja opintosuoritukset. Myös itseohjautuvuus oli tilastollisesti merkitsevässä yhteydessä urapohdintaan. Itseohjautuvuus-summamuuttuja mittasi sitä, oliko oppilas kokenut, että ohjaukselle asetetut tavoitteet saavutettiin. Opettajien tulisi kiinnittää ohjauksessaan huomiota hiljaisiin ja vähän huomiota vaativiin oppilaisiin ja tukea kaikkien oppilaiden toimintakykyä. Opinto-ohjaajan taas tulisi panostaa oppilaan itsetuntemuksen kehittämiseen ja valmiuteen toimia suunnitelmallisesti. Toisen asteen nivelvaiheohjauksen painopiste tulisi siirtää päättöluokkaa varhaisemmaksi. Tutkimustulos ei tue ajatusta, että tehostettu oppilaanohjaus kohdennettaisiin opintomenestyksen mukaan, koska heikkoja urapohtijoita oli kaikissa keskiarvosanaluokissa. Opinto-ohjaajien tulisi panostaa tieto- ja viestintätekniikan hyödyntämiseen ja tehostaa koko koulun työelämäyhteistyötä.

Modelo de gestão do conhecimento para a unidade organizacional de saúde

Nos últimos anos têm surgido vários debates e estudos sobre a importância do conhecimento. As organizações consideram a Gestão do Conhecimento (GC) uma vantagem competitiva, capaz de gerar riqueza e poder. Para tal necessitam de desenvolver mecanismos e de ter pessoas com capacidade de criar, compartilhar e disseminar conhecimentos na organização. As Tecnologias de Informação e os Sistemas de Informação são uma ferramenta de grande impacto na GC, pois assumem um papel importante no sucesso e na renovação dos conhecimentos. A partir do Modelo de GC desenvolvido por Nonaka e Takeuchi, o Modelo Metavisão, e as técnicas de Business lntelligence, elaborou-se um Modelo de Gestão do conhecimento para a Unidade de Saúde. Com este modelo pretende-se obter beneficies, que passam pelo desenvolvimento de mecanismos de comunicação interna, formação e melhorias no processo de tomada de decisão. ABSTRACT; During the last years, debates and studies have arisen in relation to the importance of knowledge. The organizations consider Knowledge Management a competitive advantage, capable of generating wealth and power. Therefore, new mechanisms have to be developed in the organizations and employ people with capacity to create, share and disseminate knowledge. The information and Communication Technology is an important tool and has a great impact on Knowledge Management because it assumes an important role in the success and the renovation of knowledge. The Model of Knowledge Management developed by Nonaka and Takeuchi, the "Metavision" Model and the techniques of Business intelligence were the starting point to elaborate a Model of Knowledge Management for a Health Unit. With this model we aim to obtain benefits, such as development of mechanisms of internal communication, training plans and improvement during the process of decision making.

Diagnóstico de la relación entre el uso excesivo de las TICs y síntomas depresivos y ansiedad en estudiantes de medicina, Universidad de Cuenca, Ecuador

Se trata de un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal entre estudiantes de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de Cuenca1, para determinar la magnitud del uso excesivo de Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TICs), su variación en función de la edad, sexo, estado civil y la carrera; así como su asociación con síntomas depresivos y de ansiedad. En el cuestionario previamente validado que fue aplicado a muestra aleatoria por conglomerados de 333 estudiantes, se integraron preguntas de información demográfica, test de uso excesivo de TICs y de síntomas depresivos y de ansiedad. El concepto de Riesgo Relativo y su Intervalo de Confianza al 95% fue utilizado para el análisis estadístico. Los resultados nos revelan que la edad promedio de la muestra de la población fue de 22 años, 37,2% con uso excesivo de TICs, el 18,3% presentan síntomas depresivos y 39,8% de ansiedad. Entre las variables asociadas de manera significativa con el uso excesivo de TICs están: la edad menor de 19 años (RR 2,04; IC 95% 1,31-3,20), el género masculino (RR 1,36; IC 95% 1,03-1,80) y la carrera de Tecnología Médica (RR 1,83; IC 95% 1,28-2,63). El uso excesivo de las TICs no está asociado con el estado civil. Sin embargo, el análisis estadístico nos muestra la existencia de una correlación positiva entre el uso excesivo de las TICs y la frecuencia de estudiantes con síntomas depresivos (RR 1,88; IC 95% 1,45-2,44) y de ansiedad (RR 2,61; IC 95% 1,64-4,15).

Implementation of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable and one-sided-device-independent security against coherent attacks

Secret communication over public channels is one of the central pillars of a modern information society. Using quantum key distribution this is achieved without relying on the hardness of mathematical problems, which might be compromised by improved algorithms or by future quantum computers. State-of-the-art quantum key distribution requires composable security against coherent attacks for a finite number of distributed quantum states as well as robustness against implementation side channels. Here we present an implementation of continuous-variable quantum key distribution satisfying these requirements. Our implementation is based on the distribution of continuous-variable Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen entangled light. It is one-sided device independent, which means the security of the generated key is independent of any memoryfree attacks on the remote detector. Since continuous-variable encoding is compatible with conventional optical communication technology, our work is a step towards practical implementations of quantum key distribution with state-of-the-art security based solely on telecom components.

REORIENTANDO LA EDUCACIÓN EN BIBLIOTECOLOGÍA Y CIENCIA DE LA INFORMACIÓN PARA LA SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACIÓN: ALGUNAS REFLEXIONES

A lo largo de la historia, el desarrollo de la agricultura tardó siglos en concretarse, en expandirse y en darse a conocer en la mayoría de las culturas. Durante los últimos 200 años, parte de la humanidad ha sido dominada por la actividad industrial. Mientras el resto del mundo se esfuerza por participar en la RevoluciónIndustrial, algunas naciones atraviesan por una etapa que transforma todo de un modo extraordinariamente acelerado. Es lo que se conoce como “sociedad de la información”. No cabe ninguna duda, de que la sociedad está entrando en una nueva era, en que cada aspecto de la vida de las personas se caracteriza por las aplicaciones de las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación (TIC). Se presentan, en este nuevo medio ambiente, algunos cambios que deben plantearse en la formación de los profesionales de la información.

Editorial

El avance en las tecnologías de la comunicación e información han rediseñado los escenarios del ser humano y el modo de funcionar el mundo. Los procesos son más sencillos, inmediatos y globales, pero ameritan de conocimiento, de destrezas y de tecnologías.Unas décadas atrás, cuando Vannaver Bush ideó el ME MEX, era difícil de conceptuar, ese acceso casi ilimitado entre dos puntos militares internacionales. Más tarde, Jorge Luis Borges soñó la Biblioteca Global, a la cual se ingresa a través de puertas hexagonales y en la cual fluye el saber universal. Todos estos acontecimientos, que son realidades hoy, serían cuentos de duendes y hasta herejías para los monjes que custodiaban las bibliotecas en la Edad Media. Cómo imaginar el acceso inmediato a colecciones antiguas y modernas de otras bibliotecas y de otros países desde un solo ingreso?.

User Interface Abstraction for enabling TV set based Inclusive Access to the Information Society

199 p.

Towards a Framework for Analyzing and Evaluating Servitization Potential: Case Study of ENVIE Loire

Part 4: Transition Towards Product-Service Systems

Brief report: preliminary proposal of a conceptual model of a digital environment for developing mathematical reasoning in students with Autism Spectrum Disorders

There is clear evidence that in typically developing children reasoning and sense-making are essential in all mathematical learning and understanding processes. In children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), however, these become much more significant, considering their importance to successful independent living. This paper presents a preliminary proposal of a digital environment, specifically targeted to promote the development of mathematical reasoning in students with ASD. Given the diversity of ASD, the prototyping of this environment requires the study of dynamic adaptation processes and the development of activities adjusted to each user’s profile. We present the results obtained during the first phase of this ongoing research, describing a conceptual model of the proposed digital environment. Guidelines for future research are also discussed.

Specification of a smart meter/actuator description mechanism & development of a mobile application

Home Automation holds the potential of realizing cost savings for end users while reducing the carbon footprint of domestic energy consumption. Yet, adoption is still very low. High cost of vendor-supplied home automation systems is a major prohibiting factor. Open source systems such as FHEM, Domoticz, OpenHAB etc. are a cheaper alternative and can drive the adoption of home automation. Moreover, they have the advantage of not being limited to a single vendor or communication technology which gives end users flexibility in the choice of devices to include in their installation. However, interaction with devices having diverse communication technologies can be inconvenient for users thus limiting the utility they derive from it. For application developers, creating applications which interact with the several technologies in the home automation systems is not a consistent process. Hence, there is the need for a common description mechanism that makes interaction smooth for end users and which enables application developers to make home automation applications in a consistent and uniform way. This thesis proposes such a description mechanism within the context of an open source home automation system – FHEM, together with a system concept for its application. A mobile application was developed as a proof of concept of the proposed description mechanism and the results of the implementation are reflected upon.

Developing strategies to mitigate the energy consumed by network infrastructures

The energy consumption by ICT (Information and Communication Technology) equipment is rapidly increasing which causes a significant economic and environmental problem. At present, the network infrastructure is becoming a large portion of the energy footprint in ICT. Thus the concept of energy efficient or green networking has been introduced. Now one of the main concerns of network industry is to minimize energy consumption of network infrastructure because of the potential economic benefits, ethical responsibility, and its environmental impact. In this paper, the energy management strategies to reduce the energy consumed by network switches in LAN (Local Area Network) have been developed. According to the lifecycle assessment of network switches, during usage phase, the highest amount of energy consumed. The study considers bandwidth, link load and traffic matrixes as input parameters which have the highest contribution in energy footprint of network switches during usage phase and energy consumption as output. Then with the objective of reducing energy usage of network infrastructure, the feasibility of putting Ethernet switches hibernate or sleep mode was investigated. After that, the network topology was reorganized using clustering method based on the spectral approach for putting network switches to hibernate or switched off mode considering the time and communications among them. Experimental results show the interest of this approach in terms of energy consumption

RCOS: Real time context sharing across a fleet of smart mobile devices

Today, biodiversity is endangered by the currently applied intensive farming methods imposed on food producers by intermediate actors (e.g.: retailers). The lack of a direct communication technology between the food producer and the consumer creates dependency on the intermediate actors for both producers and the consumers. A tool allowing producers to directly and efficiently market produce that meets customer demands could greatly reduce the dependency enforced by intermediate actors. To this end, in this thesis, we propose, develop, implement and validate a Real Time Context Sharing (RCOS) system. RCOS takes advantage of the widely used publish/subscribe paradigm to exchange messages between producers and consumers, directly, according to their interest and context. Current systems follow a topic-based model or a content-based model. With RCOS, we propose a context-awareness approach into the matching process of publish/subscribe paradigm. Finally, as a proof of concept, we extend the Apache ActiveMQ Artemis software and create a client prototype. We evaluate our proof of concept for larger scale deployment.

Transition to Product Service Systems: methodology based on scenarios identification, modelling and evaluation

Part 4: Transition Towards Product-Service Systems

Applying Platform Design to Improve Product-Service Systems Collaborative Development

Part 3: Product-Service Systems

Collaborative Systems for Smart Networked Environments

International audience