Lektüren im intermedialen Dialog

Die Studie geht davon aus, dass das Zusammenspiel von Text und Bild auf dem Prinzip der Dialogizität und Komplementarität zwischen zwei einander fremden Systemen gründet. Texte generieren Bilder, Bilder evozieren Narrationen. Im Zusammentreffen zwischen den beiden Medien werden Energien freigesetzt und ein Mehr an Bedeutung entsteht. Sprache und Bild können rivalisieren oder sich gegenseitig inspirieren, einander ergänzen oder ersetzen, ineinandergreifen oder kontrastieren. Abhängig von der jeweiligen Inszenierung, von der visuellen Anordnung, von inhaltlichen llbereinstimmungen oder formalen Annäherungen setzen die Medien divergierende oder kongruierende Systeme in Szene. Aus dem weiten Feld der intermedialen Verknüpfungen von Text und Bild wählt die Studie eine Reihe von Text-Bild-Kombinationen, in denen skripturale und piktoriale Elemente nebeneinander inszeniert werden und in ihrem prozesshaften Zusammenwirken den Rezipienten zur Lekture von unterschiedlichen narrativen Möglichkeiten herausfordern: Max Ernsts Collageroman Rêve d'une petite fille qui voulut entrer au CarmeI ; Peter Weiss' Text- Bild-Ensemble Der Schatten des Kòrpers des Kutschers, Le rêve de Paul Delvaux, ein Text- Bild-Projekt, für das der Nouveau Romancier Michel Butor eine Erzählung zu einer Reihe von Bildern des Surrealisten Paul Delvaux verfasst ; die Ballade Minotaurus von Friedrich Dürrenmatt , sowie Der Schachspieler, eine Reaktion des Illustrators Hannes Binder auf einen posthum erschienenen Text Durrenmatts . In fünf Einzellektüren und fünf Kapiteln wird der Frage nachgegangen wie sich Narration im Text-Bild-Spiegel generiert und welche Rolle der Lektüreakt dabei spielt. Dabei interessieren die Werke als vergleichbare, aber heterogene Kombinationsformen von Text und Bild. Im Zentrum der Analysen stehen die Darstellung von Raum- und Zeitelementen, die sprachlichen Erzählinstanzen, die das Zusammenspiel von Stimme und Körper konstituieren, sowie der Informationstrager Buch als medialer wie auch materieller Gegenstand.

Body composition: overview of methods and future directions of research.

A short overview is given on the most important analytical body composition methods. Principles of the methods and advantages and limitations of the methods are discussed also in relation to other fields of research such as energy metabolism. Attention is given to some new developments in body composition research such as chemical multiple-compartment models, computerized tomography or nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (tissue level), and multifrequency bioelectrical impedance. Possible future directions of body composition research in the light of these new developments are discussed.

Melan-A/MART-1-specific CD8 T cells: from thymus to tumor.

The self-antigen Melan-A/MART-1 is frequently involved in T-cell responses against malignant melanoma. The use of fluorescent tetramers incorporating the immunodominant Melan-A/MART-1 peptide has provided new insights into HLA-A2-restricted T-cell responses against this antigen in cancer patients and in healthy individuals. Direct evidence has been provided that a large Melan-A/MART-1-specific CD8 T-cell pool is generated during thymic selection. Although several other examples of naive self-peptide-specific T-cell repertoires are known, this is the only one directly accessible to analysis in healthy individuals

Design and evaluation of a panel os single-nucleotide polymorphisms in microRNA genomic regions for association studies in human disease

MicroRNAs (miRNA) are recognized posttranscriptional gene repressors involved in the control of almost every biological process. Allelic variants in these regions may be an important source of phenotypic diversity and contribute to disease susceptibility. We analyzed the genomic organization of 325 human miRNAs (release 7.1, miRBase) to construct a panel of 768 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) covering approximately 1 Mb of genomic DNA, including 131 isolated miRNAs (40%) and 194 miRNAs arranged in 48 miRNA clusters, as well as their 5-kb flanking regions. Of these miRNAs, 37% were inside known protein-coding genes, which were significantly associated with biological functions regarding neurological, psychological or nutritional disorders. SNP coverage analysis revealed a lower SNP density in miRNAs compared with the average of the genome, with only 24 SNPs located in the 325 miRNAs studied. Further genotyping of 340 unrelated Spanish individuals showed that more than half of the SNPs in miRNAs were either rare or monomorphic, in agreement with the reported selective constraint on human miRNAs. A comparison of the minor allele frequencies between Spanish and HapMap population samples confirmed the applicability of this SNP panel to the study of complex disorders among the Spanish population, and revealed two miRNA regions, hsa-mir-26a-2 in the CTDSP2 gene and hsa-mir-128-1 in the R3HDM1 gene, showing geographical allelic frequency variation among the four HapMap populations, probably because of differences in natural selection. The designed miRNA SNP panel could help to identify still hidden links between miRNAs and human disease.

IRF6 is a mediator of Notch pro-differentiation and tumour suppressive function in keratinocytes.

While the pro-differentiation and tumour suppressive functions of Notch signalling in keratinocytes are well established, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We report here that interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6), an IRF family member with an essential role in epidermal development, is induced in differentiation through a Notch-dependent mechanism and is a primary Notch target in keratinocytes and keratinocyte-derived SCC cells. Increased IRF6 expression contributes to the impact of Notch activation on growth/differentiation-related genes, while it is not required for induction of 'canonical' Notch targets like p21(WAF1/Cip1), Hes1 and Hey1. Down-modulation of IRF6 counteracts differentiation of primary human keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo, promoting ras-induced tumour formation. The clinical relevance of these findings is illustrated by the strikingly opposite pattern of expression of Notch1 and IRF6 versus epidermal growth factor receptor in a cohort of clinical SCCs, as a function of their grade of differentiation. Thus, IRF6 is a primary Notch target in keratinocytes, which contributes to the role of this pathway in differentiation and tumour suppression.

Contrast agent-enhanced, free-breathing, three-dimensional coronary magnetic resonance angiography.

For free-breathing, high-resolution, three-dimensional coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), the use of intravascular contrast agents may be helpful for contrast enhancement between coronary blood and myocardium. In six patients, 0.1 mmol/kg of the intravascular contrast agent MS-325/AngioMARK was given intravenously followed by double-oblique, free-breathing, three-dimensional inversion-recovery coronary MRA with real-time navigator gating and motion correction. Contrast-enhanced, three-dimensional coronary MRA images were compared with images obtained with a T2 prepulse (T2Prep) without exogenous contrast. The contrast-enhanced images demonstrated a 69% improvement in the contrast-to-noise ratio (6.6 +/- 1.1 vs. 11.1 +/- 2.5; P < 0.01) compared with the T2Prep approach. By using the intravascular agent, extensive portions (> 80 mm) of the native left and right coronary system could be displayed consistently with sub-millimeter in-plane resolution. The intravascular contrast agent, MS-325/AngioMARK, leads to a considerable enhancement of the blood/muscle contrast for coronary MRA compared with T2Prep techniques. The clinical value of the agent remains to be defined in a larger patient series. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;10:790-799.

IRF6 is a mediator of Notch pro-differentiation and tumour suppressive function in keratinocytes.

While the pro-differentiation and tumour suppressive functions of Notch signalling in keratinocytes are well established, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We report here that interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6), an IRF family member with an essential role in epidermal development, is induced in differentiation through a Notch-dependent mechanism and is a primary Notch target in keratinocytes and keratinocyte-derived SCC cells. Increased IRF6 expression contributes to the impact of Notch activation on growth/differentiation-related genes, while it is not required for induction of 'canonical' Notch targets like p21(WAF1/Cip1), Hes1 and Hey1. Down-modulation of IRF6 counteracts differentiation of primary human keratinocytes in vitro and in vivo, promoting ras-induced tumour formation. The clinical relevance of these findings is illustrated by the strikingly opposite pattern of expression of Notch1 and IRF6 versus epidermal growth factor receptor in a cohort of clinical SCCs, as a function of their grade of differentiation. Thus, IRF6 is a primary Notch target in keratinocytes, which contributes to the role of this pathway in differentiation and tumour suppression.

Competències i factors clau per a l’èxit educatiu des de la perspectiva dels estudiants universitaris fills/es dels immigrants

L’estudi realitzat ha abordat quines són les competències i els factors clau que estudiants universitaris d’origen immigrant consideren que han estat claus per arribar a la universitat, assolint així l’èxit educatiu. S’han escollit estudiants que haguessin fet l’escolaritat obligatòria total o parcialment a Catalunya.Per dur a terme la recerca s’ha treballat amb relats de vida (un total de 13 escrits) i narracions audiovisuals (amb un total de 4 produccions), essent finalment 17 les evidències vàlides. Finalment, s’ha elaborat, administrat i processat un qüestionari d’opinió que s’ha remès a 2472 estudiants de la Universitat de Barcelona, dels quals hem aconseguit 128 respostes considerades vàlides. Els relats s’han analitzat amb un procediment inductiu, procedint a una lectura exhaustiva de les paraules dels participants i anant identificant quines són les competències i els factors clau que ells consideraven que els havien ajudat a arribar a la universitat o que, tot i no ser ells conscients, nosaltres identificàvem com a tals. Pel que fa a les narracions audiovisuals, es va dur a terme una anàlisi tant del contingut, tenint com a referència els resultats obtinguts als relats escrits, com d’aspectes més tècnics, centrats en la imatge i el so. Per acabar, els qüestionaris s’han analitzat a partir de processos bàsics d’estadística descriptiva. Pel que fa als resultats obtinguts, respecte a l’eix de competències, la més destacada és la d’autonomia i iniciativa personals, lligada a la responsabilitat i autoexigència. Respecte a l’eix d’èxit educatiu, destaca el paper del professorat, tant pel suport que els ofereixen com per les expectatives que dipositen en ells. I, per acabar, respecte a l’eix d’inclusió social, els aspectes que l’afavoreixen es centren sobretot en el recolzament de la família, en l’entorn més immediat i en el fet d’entendre la possibilitat de viure amb altres cultures com un enriquiment.

Jacobus de Vitriaco, Sermones vulgares seu ad omnes status.

Au f. 153, ex-libris lavé, du XIVe s. (lampe de Wood): "Iste liber est Hugoni de Villeni Sancti Ligari [...] quem emit ab exequo (?) defuncti domini Stephani de Susciaco presbiteri". Dans l'obituaire de la cathédrale de Paris, publié par A. Molinier (Obituaires de la province de Sens, I, Paris, 1902, 91-240), le décès de Stephanus de Susiaco [Etienne de Suizy], "presbiter cardinalis", est mentionné à la date du 11 décembre 1311 (p. 208). En-dessous, un second ex-libris du XIVe s. a été gratté: "Iste liber est [...] rectoris [...] Carnotensis dyocesis". Il est suivi par une mention d'achat partiellement lisible, du XIVe s.: "Vendidi [...] ante s. crucem text. sextio casus quosdam decretalium vendedi magister Stephanus de Lugello habuit [...] tamquam (?) de bonis iste [...] + Richardus ad bonum baculum tenetur presens I. et marg. emo [...], debet XXVII s. IIII d. par. medi augusti. Solvi V p. De quibus se [...] Anchi (?) Yvoni X sol. par. IIII d. par." Ce ms. a été acheté par Claude Joly, chantre de Notre-Dame de Paris, à Chaumont-en-Bassigny en 1655, comme l'indique la note de Claude Joly au contreplat sup.: "Cl. Joly M. oct. 1658. J'ay eu ce mss. a Chaumont en Bassigni en 1655". En-dessous de cette note figure l'ex-libris "A la bibliotheque de l'Eglise de Paris", précédé de la cote C18 (fin XVIIe s.-début XVIIIe s.). Notre-Dame.

[Recueil].

Liber Alchandrei philosophi (2-13). - Epistola Phetosiri de sphera (13-13v). - "Quicumque nosse desiderat legem..." [traité astronomique arabe traduit en latin] (14-15). - Abbo Floriacensis, Sententia de differentia circuli et spherae (15-16v). - Pseudo Alexander Astrologus, Mathematica (17-17v). - Varia astronomica et astrologica (18v, 20v). Le texte du f. 18v a été copié à une date plus tardive, peut-être au XIe s. Ce ms. est intéressant à plus d'un titre, car les textes qu'il contient attestent l'influence des traités d'astronomie arabe en Occident."