993 resultados para 15-150


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Compreende os atos dos Ministérios do Interior, da Justiça e alguns da Fazenda.

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The workshop was organized to understand and describe the livelihoods of poor people who manage aquatic resources for planning support. The purpose was to support field workers to carry out livelihood analysis and how to use this information. (PDF contains 13 pages)

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Research report based on evidence gained from the DART report.

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《物理力学讲义(新世纪版)》第1章绪论阐明了物力学的内容、观点和方法,第2、第3、第4章是基础原理,第5章到第9章分别处理气体、固体的液体的热力学性质,说明了从分子结构计算宏观性质的方法,第10章到第13章处理各种输运过程,像热传导、粘滞性、扩散、中子慢化及热辐射等。
《物理力学讲义(新世纪版)》的特点是给出了明确具体而切实可行的计算方法,使得工程介质和材料的热力学性质可以不完全依靠实验就能确定。
物理力学是一门新兴的学科,它从物质的微观结构出发。提供计算机工程技术和所用介质和材料的热力学性质的方法。

目录
第1章 绪论
1.1 什么是物理力学?
1.2 物质的结构
1.3 原子半径与分子结构
1.4 物质结构概念的应用
第2章 量子力学
2.1 薛定谔波动方程
2.2 振幅方程
2.3 波函数的物理意义
2.4 谐振子
2.5 点粒子的体系
2.6 氢原子
2.7 自由粒子
2.8 氢原子的内部动力学
2.9 类氢原子的能级
2.10 电子自旋
2.11 分子能级的分类
2.12 分子的波动方程
2.13 双原子分子
2.14 U(r)的性质
2.15 刚性线转子的简单势
2.16 莫尔斯势
2.17 多原子分子
第3章 统计力学基础
 3.1 体系的系集
 3.2 关于微观性质的准备知识
 3.3 一个系集状态的一般性质
 3.4 关于平均的规则
 3.5 一个经典系集的描写
 3.6 可及性(主要是经典部分)
 3.7 关于相似体系的系集的可及态对称群和反对称群
 3.8 关于真实系集本征函数的对称类型
 3.9 计算普通系集可及态的捷径
 3.10 关于定域系配容的计算
第4章 恒定体系系集的一般原理
 4.1 权重
 4.2 几个简单体系的状态的权重
 4.3 可及态(配容)的计算
 4.4 两组定域线性振子的系集
 4.5 最陡下降法的简单描述
 4.6 平均值和统计温标
 4.7 多自由度体系及退化体系
 4.8 线性谐振子
 4.9 二维及三维谐振子
 4.10 没有轴自旋的刚性转子
 4.11 有绕轴自旋的刚性转子(对称陀螺)
 4.12 两组非定域系组成的系集
 4.13 数学推导
 4.14 结果之摘要
 4.15 退化体系
 4.16 经典统计力学
 4.17 无结构质点在盒子中的运动
 4.18 系集的外作用力
 4.19 统计力学与热力学之间的关系
……
第5章 理想气体
第6章 固体的热学性质
第7章 固体的物态方程
第8章 非理想气体
第9章 液体和稠密气体
第10章 输运过程的一般理论
第11章 粘滞性,扩散和热传导
第12章 中子的扩散和减速
第13章 热辐射
附录 物理常数表
编后记

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全书以命令行方式通过大量教学实例和工程应用实例,介绍了建立模型、求解和结果后处理的全过程。

目 录

前言

第1篇教学实例篇

第1章简单拉压杆结构

1.1铰接杆在外力作用下的变形

1.2人字形屋架的静力分析

1.3超静定拉压杆的反力计算

1.4平行杆件与刚性梁连接的热应力问题

1.5端部有间隙的杆的热膨胀

第2章梁的弯曲问题

2.1等截面简单超静定梁的平面弯曲分析

2.2工字形截面外伸梁的平面弯曲

2.3矩形截面梁的纵横弯曲分析

2.4悬臂梁的双向弯曲

2.5 圆形截面悬臂杆的弯扭组合变形

2.6悬臂等强度梁的弯曲

2.7弹性地基半无限长梁在端部力和力偶作用下的变形

2.8偏心受压杆的大变形分析

第3章杆系稳定性计算

3.1利用梁单元计算压杆稳定性

3.2利用实体单元计算压杆稳定性

3.3悬臂压杆的过曲屈分析

3.4平面钢架的平面外失稳

第4章实体模型应力分析

4.1 均布荷载作用下深梁的变形和应力

4.2一对集中力作用下的圆环

4.3用实体单元分析变截面杆的拉伸

4.4用二维实体单元分析等截面悬臂梁的平面弯曲

4.5变截面悬臂梁在端部集中力作用下的平面静力分析

4.6纯弯曲悬臂曲梁的二维静力分析

4.7端部集中力作用的悬臂圆环曲梁平面弯曲的三维分析

4.8均匀拉力作用下含圆孔板的孔边应力集中

4.9两端固定的厚壁管道在自重作用下的变形和应力

第5章膜和薄壳问题

5.1含椭圆孔的椭圆薄膜在外部张力作用下的静力分析

5.2圆形薄膜大变形静力分析

5.3柱形容器在内压作用下的静力分析

5.4圆柱形薄壳在均匀内压作用下的静力分析

第6章板的弯曲和壳体计算

6.1简支和固支圆板的在不同荷载作用下的弯曲

6.2悬臂长板的大挠度弯曲

6.3用壳体单元分析受均布荷载作用的固支圆板大挠度弯曲

6.4利用拉伸操作建立膨胀弯管模型

6.5两端简支开口柱壳在自重作用下的静力分析

6.6圆筒在一对横向集中力作用下的变形

6.7两边简支开口柱壳在集中力作用下的大变形曲屈

第7章简单振动系统

7.1单自由度弹簧质量系统的频率计算

7.2悬索自由振动的频率

7.3用弹簧单元连接的圆盘的扭转振动

7.4圆杆连接圆盘的扭转振动

7.5钻杆的扭转自由振动

第8章梁的振动分析

8.1简支梁的自振频率计算

8.2 自由―自由梁的纵向自由振动

8.3有轴向压力作用的简支梁的自由振动

8.4用壳体单元计算悬臂等强度梁的自由振动

8.5矩形截面薄壁悬臂梁的自由振动

第9章膜板和实体振动

9.1 圆形张紧薄膜的自由振动

9.2薄膜二维非轴对称自由振动分析

9.3薄膜三维非轴对称振动分析

9.4悬臂长板的自由振动频率

9.5悬臂宽板的模态分析

9.6固支圆板的自由振动

9.7用实体单元分析圆环的振动

9.8机翼模型的振动分析

第1 0章平面建模分析和三维实体建模

10.1 带三个圆孔的平面支座分析

10.2角支座应力分析

10.3 体斜支座的实体建模

10.4四分之一车轮的实体建模

10.5轴承支座的实体建模

第1 1章最优化设计

11.1概述

11.2最优化问题框架

11.3 ANSYS优化设计流程

11.4变截面悬臂梁的外形形状优化

11.5平面刚架的优化设计

第12章层合板和断裂力学

12.1 四边简支方形层合板在均布外载作用下的变形

12.2均布拉力作用下含裂纹板的应力强度因子计算

第2篇工程应用篇

第13章用APDL实现空间网壳结构参数化建模

13.1 K系列球面网壳结构的特点和建模

13.1.1 K系列球面网壳的特点

13.1.2几何描述

13.1.3杆件连接关系

13.2参数化设计语言APDL介绍

13.2.1参数和表达式

13.2.2 ANSYS 中的基本指令

13.2.3分支和循环

13.3用户界面设计语言UIDL介绍

13.3.1 单行参数输入

13.3.2多行参数输入

13.4网壳建模程序设计

13.4.1模型建立的步骤

13.4.2节点坐标计算

13.4.3单元连接

13.4.4变量说明

13.4.5节点坐标计算公式

13.4.6主框图说明

13.4.7单元连接关系定义

13.4.8源程序

13.5程序使用说明

13.5.1加载程序

13.5.2界面说明

13.5.3注意事项

13.6应用举例

13.6.1基本参数

13.6.2输入数据并生成模型

13.6.3输入单元参数和荷载后开始计算

13.6.4选择结果输出方式

第14章塔式起重机静动力分析

14.1塔式起重机基本概念

14.2塔式起重机拓扑模型

14.3塔机模型受力分析

14.3.1部件受力特征分析

14.3.2截面参数定义

14.3.3自重荷载和配重

14.3.4选用合适的分析模型。

14.3.5 固定塔身底部的4个节点

14.4塔机建模程序设计

14.4.1塔身节点计算和单元连接

14.4.2塔顶建模

14.4.3塔臂建模

14.4.4平衡臂和斜拉索建模

14.5塔机静力分析

14.6塔机模态分析

14.7塔机静动力分析程序

第15章长柱形天然气罐在内压作用下的静力分析

15.1概述

15.2建立模型

15.3利用轴对称壳单元SHELL51计算

15.3.1单元基本性质和约定

15.3.2求解过程

15.3.3源程序

15.3.4计算结果

15.3.5简体部分理论解

15.3.6结果讨论

15.4利用8节点2D实体单元PLANE82单元计算

15.4.1建立模型

15.4.2计算过程

15.4.3计算结果及讨论

15.4.4源程序

15.5用20节点3D实体单元solid95计算1/4模型

15.5.1建立1/4三维模型

15.5.2计算步骤

15.5.3计算结果分析

15.5.4与弹性力学解答的对比

15.5.5计算程序

附录

附录A常用结构单元参考

附录B结构分析命令速查

参考文献

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目录

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At its june 1990 annual meeting, the Technical Subcommittee (TSC) of the Canada-U.S. Groundfish Committee recommended that scientists and managers working on sablefish, Anoplopoma fimbria, issues convene to present and discuss the results of their recent research. Thorough knowledge of the biology and population dynamics of this species is essential for its effective management, especially considering its commercial importance. TSC representatives from both countries recognized that a great deal ofactive research has been conducted on this species since the International Sablefish Symposium was held in Anchorage, Alaska, in March 1983 (Melteff, 1983). As a result of this recommendation, the International Symposium on the Biology and Management of Sablefish (ISBMS) was convened April 13-15, 1993, at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center in Seattle, Washington. (PDF file contains 286 pages.)

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Traz o texto atualizado da lei que regulamenta os direitos dos trabalhadores domésticos, Lei Complementar nº 150, de 1º de junho de 2015.

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Accurate and precise estimates of age and growth rates are essential parameters in understanding the population dynamics of fishes. Some of the more sophisticated stock assessment models, such as virtual population analysis, require age and growth information to partition catch data by age. Stock assessment efforts by regulatory agencies are usually directed at specific fisheries which are being heavily exploited and are suspected of being overfished. Interest in stock assessment of some of the oceanic pelagic fishes (tunas, billfishes, and sharks) has developed only over the last decade, during which exploitation has increased steadily in response to increases in worldwide demand for these resources. Traditionally, estimating the age of fishes has been done by enumerating growth bands on skeletal hardparts, through length frequency analysis, tag and recapture studies, and raising fish in enclosures. However, problems related to determining the age of some of the oceanic pelagic fishes are unique compared with other species. For example, sampling is difficult for these large, highly mobile fishes because of their size, extensive distributions throughout the world's oceans, and for some, such as the marlins, infrequent catches. In addition, movements of oceanic pelagic fishes often transect temperate as well as tropical oceans, making interpretation of growth bands on skeletal hardparts more difficult than with more sedentary temperate species. Many oceanic pelagics are also long-lived, attaining ages in excess of 30 yr, and more often than not, their life cycles do not lend themselves easily to artificial propagation and culture. These factors contribute to the difficulty of determining ages and are generally characteristic of this group-the tunas, billfishes, and sharks. Accordingly, the rapidly growing international concern in managing oceanic pelagic fishes, as well as unique difficulties in ageing these species, prompted us to hold this workshop. Our two major objectives for this workshop are to: I) Encourage the interchange of ideas on this subject, and 2) establish the "state of the art." A total of 65 scientists from 10 states in the continental United States and Hawaii, three provinces in Canada, France, Republic of Senegal, Spain, Mexico, Ivory Coast, and New South Wales (Australia) attended the workshop held at the Southeast Fisheries Center, Miami, Fla., 15-18 February 1982. Our first objective, encouraging the interchange of ideas, is well illustrated in the summaries of the Round Table Discussions and in the Glossary, which defines terms used in this volume. The majority of the workshop participants agreed that the lack of validation of age estimates and the means to accomplish the same are serious problems preventing advancements in assessing the age and growth of fishes, particularly oceanic pelagics. The alternatives relating to the validation problem were exhaustively reviewed during the Round Table Discussions and are a major highlight of this workshop. How well we accomplished our second objective, to establish the "state of the art" on age determination of oceanic pelagic fishes, will probably best be judged on the basis of these proceedings and whether future research efforts are directed at the problem areas we have identified. In order to produce high-quality papers, workshop participants served as referees for the manuscripts published in this volume. Several papers given orally at the workshop, and included in these proceedings, were summarized from full-length manuscripts, which have been submitted to or published in other scientific outlets-these papers are designated as SUMMARY PAPERS. In addition, the SUMMARY PAPER designation was also assigned to workshop papers that represented very preliminary or initial stages of research, cursory progress reports, papers that were data shy, or provide only brief reviews on general topics. Bilingual abstracts were included for all papers that required translation. We gratefully acknowledge the support of everyone involved in this workshop. Funding was provided by the Southeast Fisheries Center, and Jack C. Javech did the scientific illustrations appearing on the cover, between major sections, and in the Glossary. (PDF file contains 228 pages.)

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Referência : Diccionario Bibliographico Portuguez / Innocencio Francisco da Silva, 1859. v. 2, 254 p.

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Recently, the size dependence of mechanical behaviors, particularly the yield strength and plastic deformation mode, of bulk metallic glasses (BMG) has created a great deal of interest. Contradicting conclusions have been drawn by different research groups, based on various experiments on different BMG systems. Based on in situ compression transmission electron microscopy (TEM) experiments on Zr41Ti14Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 (Vit 1) nanopillars, this paper provides strong evidence that shear banding still prevails at specimen length scales as small as 150 nm in diameter. This is supported by in situ and ex situ images of shear bands, and by the carefully recorded displacement bursts under load control its well as load drops under displacement control. Finite element modeling of the stress state within the pillar shows that the unavoidable geometry constraints accompanying such experiments impart a strong effect on the experimental results, including non-uniform stress distributions and high level hydrostatic pressures. The seemingly improved compressive ductility is believed to be due to such geometry constraints. Observations underscore the notion that the mechanical behavior of metallic glasses, including strength and plastic deformation mode, is size independent at least in Vit 1. (C) 2009 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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228 p. : il. Nota: Otro título en Teseo: "la modulación selectiva de los niveles de glutatión con l-2-oxo-4-tiazolidina carboxilato aumenta la eficacia de la interleucina-2 e incrementa el beneficio terapéutico de la bioquimioterapia del melanoma metastático"

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The paper reports on a survey on gear assessment for the three intensive fishing seasons in Lake Chad (Nigeria). These seasons coincide with the flood period (Nov-Feb), the receding (March-June)and the recession period (July-September 2001). During this year the questionnaires were requested to ten fishers in each of the selected fishing islands. In the flood season, identified fishing gears on the lake included baited and un-baited Malian traps which constituted about 35% of the total gears recorded. While Ndurutu and Heri (Kung)traps represented, each, 3.2% of the total. About 15.9% of fishers employed hook lines of various length and sizes: Another 15.9% of fishers mounted fish fences (Dumba) during the season. Those that employ seine net accounted for about 11.1% while 9.5% use gill nets.The species belonging to the Cichilidae, Claridae and Osteoglossidae families dominated fish catches. During the receding period, hook lines and fences (Dumba) (6.20%) were found to be predominantly used on the lake due to reducing water level, followed by gill net and draw net which accounted for 17.9% and 16.1 % respectively. During the lake recession only two groups of active gears were recorded. Sixty percent of fishers use combined seine net with cutlass and scoop net, while 40% use to combine only cutlass with kabara net. Fish fences (Dumma)during the flood season were mounted with giant Malian traps of abut 1.5m by 0.5m diameter, covered with net of mesh size (6.3mm-25mm).Each Dumba contained between 150 and 2000 of such traps. Larger number of species was recorded from seine net followed by gill nets and the l kilometre multi mesh fleet drift net. The use of seine net and cutlass known as Genima was predominant during the lake recession