Greenland and Antarctic ice sheet topography, cavity geometry, and global bathymetry (RTopo-2), links to NetCDF files

The ocean plays an important role in modulating the mass balance of the polar ice sheets by interacting with the ice shelves in Antarctica and with the marine-terminating outlet glaciers in Greenland. Given that the flux of warm water onto the continental shelf and into the sub-ice cavities is steered by complex bathymetry, a detailed topography data set is an essential ingredient for models that address ice-ocean interaction. We followed the spirit of the global RTopo-1 data set and compiled consistent maps of global ocean bathymetry, upper and lower ice surface topographies and global surface height on a spherical grid with now 30-arc seconds resolution. We used the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO, 2014) as the backbone and added the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean version 3 (IBCAOv3) and the Interna- tional Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean (IBCSO) version 1. While RTopo-1 primarily aimed at a good and consistent representation of the Antarctic ice sheet, ice shelves and sub-ice cavities, RTopo-2 now also contains ice topographies of the Greenland ice sheet and outlet glaciers. In particular, we aimed at a good representation of the fjord and shelf bathymetry sur- rounding the Greenland continent. We corrected data from earlier gridded products in the areas of Petermann Glacier, Hagen Bræ and Sermilik Fjord assuming that sub-ice and fjord bathymetries roughly follow plausible Last Glacial Maximum ice flow patterns. For the continental shelf off northeast Greenland and the floating ice tongue of Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden Glacier at about 79°N, we incorporated a high-resolution digital bathymetry model considering original multibeam survey data for the region. Radar data for surface topographies of the floating ice tongues of Nioghalvfjerdsfjorden Glacier and Zachariæ Isstrøm have been obtained from the data centers of Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Operation Icebridge (NASA/NSF) and Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI). For the Antarctic ice sheet/ice shelves, RTopo-2 largely relies on the Bedmap-2 product but applies corrections for the geometry of Getz, Abbot and Fimbul ice shelf cavities.

The geometry of selected U.S. tidal inlets /

"May 1980."

Topics in differential geometry.

Based on lectures given in the spring of 1949; a few of the latest results of work done since that time have been included.

Definition of the requirements in plane geometry, solid geometry, plane and solid geometry, major requirement, plane and solid geometry minor requirement /

Wm. F. Osgood, chairman.

The basic concepts of mathematics; a companion to current textbooks on algebra and analytic geometry.

pt.1. Algebra.

Analytic geometry,

"Answers to odd-numbered problems": p. 375-393.

Selected topics in algebraic geometry; report of the Committee on rational transformations:

Bibliography at end of each chapter.

Selected topics in algebraic geometry

Cover-title.

Lectures on classical differential geometry.

Bibliography: p. vii-viii.

Metrical geometry, contact transformations and nuclear physics.

Cover title.

Introduction to algebraic geometry.

Includes bibliography.

Projective and analytical geometry.

Mode of access: Internet.

A decision method for elementary algebra and geometry

"This report...was written while the project was a part of Douglas Aircraft Co., inc."

The operation of larger trucks on roads with restrictive geometry. Volume I. Final report.

Federal Highway Administration, Office of Safety and Traffic Operations Research and Development, McLean, Va.

An assessment of the operational impact of the longer and wider combination vehicles on the geometry of diamond interchanges. Final report.

Texas State Department of Highways and Public Transportation, Austin